We investigated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster with coronary artery disease (CAD) in a case-control study and evaluated the Show more
We investigated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster with coronary artery disease (CAD) in a case-control study and evaluated the possible influence of genetic variation on total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride concentrations in the controls. In total, 497 CAD patients and 495 unrelated controls were genotyped for eight SNPs in the FADS gene cluster, and the blood lipid levels of subjects were measured. Three genetic models, including codominant, dominant and recessive, were used to analyze the genotypic relationship with CAD and plasma lipid levels. Single locus genotypic analysis revealed that rs1000778 in FADS3 under a recessive model (AA vs. GG-GA) was significantly associated with CAD adjusted for risk factors. The rs1000778 minor allele AA was associated with a lower risk of CAD (OR =0.37, 95% CI: 0.15-0.89, P=0.025). In the control group, there were significant differences in TC concentrations under a recessive genetic model for rs174575 (C/G) in FADS2 and for rs174450 (A/C) and rs7115739 (G/T) in FADS3 (P=0.053, 0.016 and 0.018, respectively). The rs1000778-G variant in FADS3 may contribute to the susceptibility of CAD, but the result needs to be further confirmed because of small sample size in our study. Genetic variations in FADS2 and FADS3 influence TC concentration in the northern Chinese Han population. Show less
The aim of this study was to investigate the independent and combined effects of fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene polymorphism and fish consumption on oral cancer. A hospital-based case-control st Show more
The aim of this study was to investigate the independent and combined effects of fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene polymorphism and fish consumption on oral cancer. A hospital-based case-control study was performed including 305 oral cancer patients and 579 cancer-free controls. The genotypes were determined by TaqMan genotyping assay. Non-conditional logistic regression model was used to assess the effects of FADS1 rs174549 polymorphism and fish intake. Subjects carrying A allele of rs174549 significantly reduced the risk of oral cancer (AA VS GG, OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.42-0.99; AA VS AG+GG, OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46-0.98). Moreover, the statistically significant reverse associations were especially evident in men, smokers, alcohol drinkers and those age ≤ 60 years. Additionally, fish intake ≥7 times/week showed a 73% reduction in risk for oral cancer compared to those who ate fish less than 2 times/week (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.18-0.42). Furthermore, a significant gene-diet multiplicative interaction was observed between FADS1 rs174549 polymorphism and fish intake for oral cancer (P=0.028). This preliminary study suggests that FADS1 rs174549 polymorphism and fish consumption may be protective factors for oral cancer, with a gene-diet multiplicative interaction. Functional studies with larger samples are required to confirm our findings. Show less
Insertions and deletions (INDELs) represent a significant fraction of interindividual variation in the human genome yet their contribution to phenotypes is poorly understood. To confirm the quality of Show more
Insertions and deletions (INDELs) represent a significant fraction of interindividual variation in the human genome yet their contribution to phenotypes is poorly understood. To confirm the quality of imputed INDELs and investigate their roles in mediating cardiometabolic phenotypes, genome-wide association and linkage analyses were performed for 15 phenotypes with 1,273,952 imputed INDELs in 1,024 Mexican-origin Americans. Imputation quality was validated using whole exome sequencing with an average kappa of 0.93 in common INDELs (minor allele frequencies [MAFs] ≥ 5%). Association analysis revealed one genome-wide significant association signal for the cholesterylester transfer protein gene (CETP) with high-density lipoprotein levels (rs36229491, P = 3.06 × 10 Show less
Although emerging studies have implicated that Aiopoietin-like 4 Protein (ANGPTL4) is related to the aggressiveness and metastasis of many tumors, the role of ANGPLT4 in giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone Show more
Although emerging studies have implicated that Aiopoietin-like 4 Protein (ANGPTL4) is related to the aggressiveness and metastasis of many tumors, the role of ANGPLT4 in giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone was rarely investigated. The mechanism of ANGPLT4 in tumor-induced osteoclastogenesis still remains unclear. In this study, we first demonstrated that ANGPTL4 was highly expressed in GCT compared to normal tissues, while we showed that TGF-β2 released by osteoclasts induced bone resorption could increase the expression of ANGPTL4 in GCTSCs. By using the luciferase reporter assay, we found that two downstreams of TGF-β2, Smad3 and Smad4, could directly activate the promoter of ANGPTL4, which might explain the mechanism of TGF-β2-induced ANGPLT4 expression. Moreover, knockout of ANGPTL4 by TALENs in GCTSCs inhibited tumor growth, angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis in GCT Show less
To study associations of cerebrovascular metabolism genotypes and haplotypes with age at Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD) onset and with neuropsychiatric symptoms according to each dementia stage. Co Show more
To study associations of cerebrovascular metabolism genotypes and haplotypes with age at Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD) onset and with neuropsychiatric symptoms according to each dementia stage. Consecutive outpatients with late-onset AD were assessed for age at dementia onset and Neuropsychiatric Inventory scores according to Clinical Dementia Rating scores, apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) haplotypes, angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) variants rs1800764 and rs4291, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol receptor gene (LDLR) variants rs11669576 and rs5930, cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene (CETP) variants I422V and TaqIB, and liver X receptor beta gene (NR1H2) polymorphism rs2695121. Considering 201 patients, only APOE-ɛ4 carriers had earlier dementia onset in multiple correlations, as well as less apathy, more delusions, and more aberrant motor behavior. Both ACE polymorphisms were associated with less intense frontally mediated behaviors. Regarding LDLR variants, carriers of the A allele of rs11669576 had less anxiety and more aberrant motor behavior, whereas carriers of the A allele of rs5930 had less delusions, less anxiety, more apathy, and more irritability. CETP variants that included G alleles of I422V and TaqIB were mostly associated with less intense frontally mediated behaviors, while severely impaired carriers of the T allele of rs2695121 had more anxiety and more aberrant motor behavior. Though only APOE haplotypes affected AD onset, cerebrovascular metabolism genotypes were associated with differences in several neuropsychiatric manifestations of AD. Show less
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) is a master regulator of antioxidant and detoxification activities that can eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced via irradiation. However Show more
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) is a master regulator of antioxidant and detoxification activities that can eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced via irradiation. However, Nrf2 overexpression in liver cancer cells may cause both radioresistance and chemoresistance. Reducing Nrf2 levels can enhance the radiosensitivity of HepG2 cells. Wingless/int-3A (Wnt3A) is a Wnt family protein that mainly activates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Recent studies showed that the Axin1-GSK-3β protein complex, a component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, can capture Nrf2 and facilitate its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in the cytoplasm. This protein complex is degraded upon activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. In the present study, we treated HepG2 cells with the Wnt3A inhibitor LGK-974, an effective and specific PORCN inhibitor that can prevent the formation of a proper folding of the Wnt protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. We found that HepG2 cells became more sensitive to radiation with increasing LGK-974 concentrations. Upon 2 Gy or 4 Gy irradiation, the cells treated with LGK-974 more frequently underwent apoptosis and grew less rapidly. PCR and western blot results showed that inhibiting the secretion of Wnt3A blocked the Wnt signaling pathway and prevented Nrf2 signaling. Notably, the Wnt inhibitor may serve as a radiosensitizing drug. Show less
The SstI polymorphism in the apolipoprotein 3 gene (apoC3) has been identified in many ethnic groups. In addition, the S2 allele of the SstI polymorphism is shown to be associated with increased plasm Show more
The SstI polymorphism in the apolipoprotein 3 gene (apoC3) has been identified in many ethnic groups. In addition, the S2 allele of the SstI polymorphism is shown to be associated with increased plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. Plasma apoCIII is an important atherogenic factor, which interrupts lipid metabolism and is positively associated with plasma TG levels. However, the existence of the SstI polymorphism in the Li ethnic group in China remains to be confirmed. The relationship between the S2 allele of the SstI polymorphism and plasma apoCIII or TG and their roles in atherosclerosis are also unknown. A cohort of 628 participants was recruited (316 atherosclerotic patients and 312 healthy controls) from both the Li and Han ethnic groups. Blood samples were obtained to evaluate the SstI polymorphism in the apoC3 and lipid profiles. Chi-squared and t-tests and multiple unconditional logistic regression were employed to analyze the genotypic and allelic frequencies and lipid profiles using SPSS version 20.0 software. The SstI polymorphism in the apoC3 was identified in the Li ethnic group. The S2 allele and plasma apoCIII and TG levels were associated with the development of atherosclerosis (P < 0.01, S2 allele and apoCIII; P < 0.05, TG) in the Li ethnic group. The S2 allele was associated with increased plasma apoCIII levels in the atherosclerotic group (P < 0.01), but with increased plasma apoCIII and TG levels in control group (both P < 0.01). In addition to the increases in the S2 allele frequency and plasma TG and apoCIII levels, atherosclerotic patients in the Li ethnic group also exhibited increased apoB, decreased HDL-C and apoAI and a lower apoAI:apoB ratio (all P < 0.01). Our results indicate that the S2 allele of the SstI polymorphism in the apoC3 gene is associated with plasma apoCIII levels in the Li population. In combination with unfavorable lipid profiles, this might contribute to susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Show less
Nonenzymatic glycation of apolipoproteins plays a role in the pathogenesis of the vascular complications of diabetes. This study investigated whether apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV was glycated in patients Show more
Nonenzymatic glycation of apolipoproteins plays a role in the pathogenesis of the vascular complications of diabetes. This study investigated whether apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV was glycated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and whether apoA-IV glycation was related to coronary artery disease (CAD). The study also determined the biological effects of glycated apoA-IV. The authors consecutively enrolled 204 patients with T2DM without CAD (Group I), 515 patients with T2DM with CAD (Group II), and 176 healthy subjects (control group) in this study. ApoA-IV was precipitated from ultracentrifugally isolated high-density lipoprotein, and its glycation level was determined based on Western blotting densitometry (relative intensity of apoA-IV glycation). ApoA-IV NƐ-(carboxylmethyl) lysine (CML) modification sites were identified by mass spectrometry in 37 control subjects, 63 patients in Group I, and 138 patients in Group II. Saline or glycated apoA-IV (g-apoA-IV) generated by glyoxal culture was injected into apoE The relative intensity and the abundance of apoA-IV glycation were associated with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with T2DM (all p < 0.05). The experiments showed that g-apoA-IV induced proinflammatory reactions in vitro and promoted atherogenesis in apoE ApoA-IV glycation is associated with CAD severity in patients with T2DM, and g-apoA-IV induces atherogenesis through NR4A3 in apoE Show less
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), a subtype of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) more frequently seen in East Asians, has both common and distinct clinical manifestations with typical neov Show more
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), a subtype of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) more frequently seen in East Asians, has both common and distinct clinical manifestations with typical neovascular AMD (tAMD). We aim to examine the extent to which common genetic variants are shared between these two subtypes. We performed the meta-analysis of association in a total of 1062 PCV patients, 1157 tAMD patients and 5275 controls of East Asian descent from the Genetics of AMD in Asians Consortium at the 34 known AMD loci. A total of eight loci were significantly associated with PCV, including age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2)-HtrA serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1), complement factor H (CFH), C2-CFB-SKIV2L, CETP, VEGFA, ADAMTS9-AS2 and TGFBR1 (P<5 × 10 Show less
The aim of the study is to investigate whether endothelial cells (ECs) promoted the capacity of stem-like cell formation in medulloblastoma (MB) and whether the mechanism of action was associated with Show more
The aim of the study is to investigate whether endothelial cells (ECs) promoted the capacity of stem-like cell formation in medulloblastoma (MB) and whether the mechanism of action was associated with mediation of Notch signaling pathway. Co-culture experiment was conducted to particularly understand the potential role of ECs in promoting phenotype and gene expression of MB stem-like cells. Self-renewal capacity and tumor cell population were measured by sphere-forming assay and flow cytometry, respectively. To further clarify the effects of ECs on the formation of MB stem-like cells, the expression of genes and protein in MB stem-like cells (CCND1, CDK6, c-MYC, and Bmi-1) and Notch (Notch2, Jagged 1, Hes-1, and Hey-2) was quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot, respectively. Also, observed mediation of ECs in regulation of tumor cell stemness by Notch activation was observed when the co-cultures were treated with γ-secretase inhibitor (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT)). Further investigation was conducted for the effects of ECs on the tumorigenesis in vivo of MB cells when co-cultures were inoculated into a nude mouse after treated with DAPT. Afterwards, tumor size and volume were measured. The sphere-forming rate and cell ratio of stem-like cells were significantly increased. Furthermore, the expression of genes and protein in stem-like cells and Notch was obviously upregulated although treated with γ-secretase inhibitor. Moreover, tumor size and volume were dramatically magnified. This study revealed that Notch pathway activation played a key role in the formation of stem-like cells in MB and had valuable meaning for further investigation of targeted therapies. Show less
The aim of the study was to elucidate the mechanism by which advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promote cell proliferation in liver cancer cells.We treated liver cancer HepG2 cells with 200 mg/L A Show more
The aim of the study was to elucidate the mechanism by which advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promote cell proliferation in liver cancer cells.We treated liver cancer HepG2 cells with 200 mg/L AGEs or bovine serum albumin (BSA) and assayed for cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis. We performed real-time PCR and Western blot analysis for RNA and protein levels of carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) in AGEs- or BSA-treated HepG2 cells. We analyzed the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 cells treated with AGEs or BSA.We found that increased S-phase cell percentage and decreased apoptosis contributed to AGEs-induced liver cancer cell proliferation. Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis showed that AGEs stimulated RNA and protein levels of ChREBP, a transcription factor promoting glycolysis and maintaining cell proliferation in liver cancer cells. Intriguingly, the level of ROS was higher in AGEs-treated liver cancer cells. Treating liver cancer cells with antioxidant N-acetyl cystein (NAC) partly blocked AGEs-induced ChREBP expression and cell proliferation.Our results suggest that the AGEs-ROS-ChREBP pathway plays a critical role in promoting ChREBP expression and liver cancer cell proliferation. Show less
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS) is an aggressive form of soft tissue tumors. The molecular heterogeneity and pathogenesis of ULMS are not well understood. Expression profiling data were used to determin Show more
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS) is an aggressive form of soft tissue tumors. The molecular heterogeneity and pathogenesis of ULMS are not well understood. Expression profiling data were used to determine the possibility and optimal number of ULMS molecular subtypes. Next, clinicopathological characters and molecular pathways were analyzed in each subtype to prospect the clinical applications and progression mechanisms of ULMS. Two distinct molecular subtypes of ULMS were defined based on different gene expression signatures. Subtype I ULMS recapitulated low-grade ULMS, the gene expression pattern of which resembled normal smooth muscle cells, characterized by overexpression of smooth muscle function genes such as LMOD1, SLMAP, MYLK, MYH11. In contrast, subtype II ULMS recapitulated high-grade ULMS with higher tumor weight and invasion rate, and was characterized by overexpression of genes involved in the pathway of epithelial to mesenchymal transition and tumorigenesis, such as CDK6, MAPK13 and HOXA1. We identified two distinct molecular subtypes of ULMS responding differently to chemotherapy treatment. Our findings provide a better understanding of ULMS intrinsic molecular subtypes, and will potentially facilitate the development of subtype-specific diagnosis biomarkers and therapy strategies for these tumors. Show less
Xiansheng Huang, Rong Li, Luzhu Chen+1 more · 2017 · Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · added 2026-04-24
To investigate the role of apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) in the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertriglyceridemia and the related therapeutic effects of metformin. Methods: The ob/ob mice were treated Show more
To investigate the role of apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) in the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertriglyceridemia and the related therapeutic effects of metformin. Methods: The ob/ob mice were treated with regular chow diet and metformin for 4 weeks, and the levels of hepatic triglyceride (TG) and apoA5 were measured. Hepatic IAR20 cells were treated with metformin and/or apoA5 siRNAs, and then cellular TG contents and apoA5 expression were determined. Results: High plasma and hepatic levels of apoA5 and TG were found in ob/ob mice. The plasma levels of apoA5 were positively correlated with plasma TG in these mice. Metformin could dose-dependently decrease the plasma and hepatic levels of apoA5 and TG in ob/ob mice. Metformin could also dose-dependently reduce cellular TG contents and apoA5 expression, these effects were attenuated by knockdown of apoA5. Conclusion: Hepatic apoA5 is up-regulated in ob/ob mice, which contributes to the elevation of plasma TG. Metformin could inhibit hepatic apoA5 expression, leading to the reduction of the plasma level of TG. Show less
A series of pentacyclic triterpene 3β-ester derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as a new class of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors for the treatment of dyslipidemi Show more
A series of pentacyclic triterpene 3β-ester derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as a new class of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors for the treatment of dyslipidemia. In vitro screening assay showed that 5 out of 30 compounds displayed moderate inhibiting human CETP activity with IC Show less
Usnea is a lichen of Usnea diffracta Vain and Usnea longissima Ach, which belongs to the genus Usnea Adans of Usneaceae. Usnea exerts numerous pharmacological activities, while its lipid regulatory ac Show more
Usnea is a lichen of Usnea diffracta Vain and Usnea longissima Ach, which belongs to the genus Usnea Adans of Usneaceae. Usnea exerts numerous pharmacological activities, while its lipid regulatory activities remain unreported. This study aims to evaluate the effects of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Usnea on the regulation of lipid metabolism and to explore the possible mechanism. Hyperlipidemia rat model was established by feeding with high-fat diet for 45days. Therapy rats were intragastrically administered with simvastatin (0.004g/kg/d), Usnea aqueous extract (2.766g/kg/d), or Usnea ethanol extract (2.766g/kg/d) for 20days. Pharmacodynamic effects, including body weight, serum and liver lipid levels, total bile acid (TBA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), liver index, and hepatic morphological changes were evaluated. To explore the mechanisms, the lipase activities and protein expressions related to lipid metabolism were detected. Compared with the model group, aqueous and ethanol extracts of Usnea can slow down the weight gain of rats, significantly reduce the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the liver contents of TG, LDL-C, as well as significantly increase the contents of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum. In addition, aqueous and ethanol extracts of Usnea can significantly reduce the serum contents of AST and ALT. Furthermore, ethanol extract of Usnea can also significantly reduce the TBA content in serum and liver index. Liver tissue pathological observation showed that aqueous and ethanol extracts of Usnea can improve cell degeneration to a certain extent. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Usnea can significantly reduce sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1c, and liver X receptor α (LXR-α) protein expressions. Furthermore, aqueous extract of Usnea can significantly increase hepatic lipase activity and promote apoprotein A5 (ApoA5) protein expression. These findings strongly suggest that the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Usnea play significant roles in regulating lipid metabolism, and the ethanol extract exhibits higher activity than the aqueous extract. The mechanism of the regulation of lipid metabolism by Usnea aqueous extract may involve the increased ApoA5 protein expression via inhibition of the LXR-α signal pathway; however, the mechanism of the regulation of lipid metabolism by Usnea ethanol extract remains to be further studied. Show less
Management of ligament/tendon-to-bone-junction healing remains a formidable challenge in the field of orthopedic medicine to date, due to deficient vascularity and multi-tissue transitional structure Show more
Management of ligament/tendon-to-bone-junction healing remains a formidable challenge in the field of orthopedic medicine to date, due to deficient vascularity and multi-tissue transitional structure of the junction. Numerous strategies have been employed to improve ligament-bone junction healing, including delivery of stem cells, bioactive factors, and synthetic materials, but these methods are often inadequate at recapitulating the complex structure-function relationships at native tissue interfaces. Here, we developed an easily-fabricated and effective biomimetic composite to promote the regeneration of ligament-bone junction by physically modifying the tendon extracellular matrix (ECM) into a Random-Aligned-Random composite using ultrasound treatment. The differentiation potential of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells on the modified ECM were examined in vitro. The results demonstrated that the modified ECM enhanced expression of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis-associated epigenetic genes (Jmjd1c, Kdm6b), transcription factor genes (Sox9, Runx2) and extracellular matrix genes (Col2a1, Ocn), resulting in higher osteoinductivity than the untreated tendon ECM in vitro. In the rabbit anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction model in vivo, micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and histological analysis showed that the modified Random-Aligned-Random composite scaffold enhanced bone and fibrocartilage formation at the interface, more efficaciously than the unmodified tendon ECM. Therefore, these results demonstrated that the biomimetic Random-Aligned-Random composite could be a promising scaffold for ligament/tendon-bone junction repair. The native transitional region consists of several distinct yet contiguous tissue regions, composed of soft tissue, non-calcified fibrocartilage, calcified fibrocartilage, and bone. A stratified graft whose phases are interconnected with each other is essential for supporting the formation of functionally continuous multi-tissue regions. Various techniques have been attempted to improve adherence of the ligament/tendon graft to bone, including utilization of stem cells, growth factors and biomaterials, but these methods are often inadequate at recapitulating the complex structure-function relationships at native tissue interfaces. Here, we developed an easily-fabricated and effective biomimetic composite to promote the regeneration of ligament-bone junction by physically modifying the tendon extracellular matrix (ECM) into a Random-Aligned-Random composite using ultrasound treatment. The modified ECM enhanced expression of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis-associated epigenetic genes expression in vitro. In the rabbit anterior crucial ligament reconstruction model in vivo, results showed that the modified Random-Aligned-Random composite enhances the bone and fibrocartilage formation in the interface, proving to be more efficient than the unmodified tendon ECM. Therefore, these results demonstrated that the biomimetic Random-Aligned-Random composite could be a promising scaffold for ligament/tendon-bone junction repair. Show less
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic disturbances that increase the risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes, was because of genetic susceptibility and environmental risk factors. To Show more
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic disturbances that increase the risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes, was because of genetic susceptibility and environmental risk factors. To identify the genetic variants associated with MetS and metabolic components, we conducted a genome-wide association study followed by replications in totally 12,720 participants from the north, north-eastern and eastern China. In combined analyses, independent of the top known signal at rs651821 on APOA5, we newly identified a secondary triglyceride-associated signal at rs180326 on BUD13 (P Show less
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are widely used as instruments to infer causal risk factors of diseases based on the idea of mendelian randomization. Plasma metabolites can serve as risk factors of can Show more
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are widely used as instruments to infer causal risk factors of diseases based on the idea of mendelian randomization. Plasma metabolites can serve as risk factors of cancer, and the heritability of many circulating metabolites was high. We conducted a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) to systematically investigate the effects of genetic variants on metabolites and lung cancer based on published genome-wide association study (GWASs) and metabolic-QTL (mQTL) study. Then we confirmed the results by subsequent genetic and metabolic validations and inferred the causal relationship between identified metabolites and lung cancer through genetic variant(s). We firstly identified six polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) represented by rs174548-linked haplotype were significantly associated with lung cancer risk in a Chinese GWAS (2311 cases and 3077 controls). Rs174548 was further confirmed to be associated with lung cancer in 13 821 Europeans and 18 471 Asians (ORmeta = 0.87, Pmeta = 1.76 × 10-15) and the effect was much stronger in females (Pinteraction = 6.00 × 10-4). We next validated rs174548-plasma PUFA association in 253 Chinese subjects (β = -0.57, P = 1.68 × 10-3). Rs174548 was also found associated with FADS1 (the major fatty acid desaturase of identified PUFAs) expression in liver tissues. Taken together, we found that rs174548 was associated with both PUFAs and lung cancer. Because rs174548 was the only mQTL variant of PUFAs reported by previous GWASs and explained a large proportion of heritability, we proposed that plasma PUFAs could be causally associated with lung cancer based on the idea of mendelian randomization. These findings provide a diet-related risk factor and may have important implications for prevention on lung cancer. Show less
Family-based methods are a potentially powerful tool to identify trait-defining genetic variants in extended families, particularly when used to complement conventional association analysis. We utiliz Show more
Family-based methods are a potentially powerful tool to identify trait-defining genetic variants in extended families, particularly when used to complement conventional association analysis. We utilized two-point linkage analysis and single variant association analysis to evaluate whole exome sequencing (WES) data from 1205 Hispanic Americans (78 families) from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Family Study. WES identified 211,612 variants above the minor allele frequency threshold of ≥0.005. These variants were tested for linkage and/or association with 50 cardiometabolic traits after quality control checks. Two-point linkage analysis yielded 10,580,600 logarithm of the odds (LOD) scores with 1148 LOD scores ≥3, 183 LOD scores ≥4, and 29 LOD scores ≥5. The maximal novel LOD score was 5.50 for rs2289043:T>C, in UNC5C with subcutaneous adipose tissue volume. Association analysis identified 13 variants attaining genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10 Show less
Neuronal regeneration and axonal regrowth mechanisms in the injured mammalian central nervous system are largely unknown. As part of a major pathway for inhibiting axonal regeneration, activated neuro Show more
Neuronal regeneration and axonal regrowth mechanisms in the injured mammalian central nervous system are largely unknown. As part of a major pathway for inhibiting axonal regeneration, activated neuronal glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Nogo receptor (NgR) interacts with LINGO-1 and p75NTR to form a complex at the cell surface. However, it was found in our previous report that upregulation of NgR stimulated by injury plays a key role in neuronal regeneration in the neonatal cortex freeze-lesion model, but its downstream signalling remains elusive. In the present study, the novel regulatory role of NgR in a serine-threonine kinase WNK1 was identified. NgR's transcriptional regulation of WNK1 was identified by RT-qPCR and semiquantitative western blot after the overexpression or knockdown of NgR, and the regulation is specific to WNK1, which is not the same for its family members, WNK2, WNK3 and WNK4. Furthermore, NgR inhibition by NEP fails to affect WNK1, which indicates that WNK1 functions outside of the Nogo-A/NgR pathway. By performing a proliferation, migration and axonal extension assay, we also identified that overexpressed NgR critically regulated these processes and impairment by overexpressing NgR was rescued with coexpression of WNK1, indicating the partial role of WNK1 in NgR-mediated morphological regulation. Our study identifies a separation of functions for the NgR-regulated WNK1 in mediating proliferation, migration and axonal extension in PC12 cells as well as a specific regulatory role between NgR and WNK1 that is important for recovery from central nervous system injury. Show less
To analyze the related pathogenicity gene mutations in a sudden death of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy （HCM） on whole exome level. Whole exome sequencing （WES） was been performed on a sudden death case Show more
To analyze the related pathogenicity gene mutations in a sudden death of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy （HCM） on whole exome level. Whole exome sequencing （WES） was been performed on a sudden death case sample with pathological features of HCM by Illumina® Hiseq 2500 platform. Using hg19 as the reference sequences, the sequencing data were analyzed. Suspicious single nucleotide variants （SNV） were screened, and the conservatism and function were analyzed by the software such as PhyloP, PolyPhen-2, SIFT, etc. After screening, a heterozygous mutation C719R was finally identified in the gene The molecular anatomy on whole exome level by second generation sequencing technology can help to define the molecular mechanism of HCM and provide a new mothed and thought for analysis of death cause. Show less
Exploring the biological functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has come to the foreground in recent years. Studies have indicated that the lncRNA metastasis‑associated lung adenocarcinoma transc Show more
Exploring the biological functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has come to the foreground in recent years. Studies have indicated that the lncRNA metastasis‑associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) not only regulates tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma, but also controls cell cycle progression in hematopoietic cells. The present study was designed to investigate the biological role of lncRNA MALAT1 in liver regeneration. We carried out a series of assays during liver regeneration following 2/3 partial hepatectomy in mice. We explored the functions of lncRNA MALAT1 with a series of functional analyses in vitro. We found that MALAT1 was upregulated during liver regeneration. Moreover, MALAT1 accelerated hepatocyte proliferation by stimulating cell cycle progression from the G1 to the S phase and inhibiting apoptosis in vitro. In addition, our findings also demonstrated that MALAT1 was regulated by p53 during liver regeneration, and that p53 may be a key upstream regulator of MALAT1 activity. Mechanistically, we found that MALAT1 activated the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway by inhibiting the expression of Axin1 and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and subsequently promoting the expression of cyclin D1. On the whole, the findings of this study suggest that MALAT1 is a critical molecule for liver regeneration. Pharmacological interventions targeting MALAT1 may thus prove to be therapeutically beneficial in liver failure or liver transplantation by promoting liver regeneration. Show less
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between genetic factors and primary restless legs syndrome (RLS) in Chinese population. A total of 116 RLS patients and 200 controls were recru Show more
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between genetic factors and primary restless legs syndrome (RLS) in Chinese population. A total of 116 RLS patients and 200 controls were recruited and the diagnosis of RLS was based on the criteria of International RLS Study Group. Polymer chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were used to detect 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in six genetic loci (MEIS1, BTBD9, PTPRD, MAP2K5/SKOR1, TOX3, and Intergenic region of 2p14). Our study found that one SNP increased the risk of RLS in Chinese population: rs6494696 of MAP2K5/SKOR1 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.09, p < .0001, recessive model). A further meta-analysis of RLS in Asian population found that two SNPs of BTBD9 increased the risk of RLS: rs9296249 of BTBD9 (OR = 1.44, p = .000, T allele), rs9357271 of BTBD9 (OR = 1.38, p = .021, dominant model). Our results confirmed the association of BTBD9 and MAP2K5/SKOR1 with primary RLS in Chinese population. Show less
Patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease remain at high risk for cardiovascular events despite effective statin-based treatment of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. The inhibitio Show more
Patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease remain at high risk for cardiovascular events despite effective statin-based treatment of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. The inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) by anacetrapib reduces LDL cholesterol levels and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. However, trials of other CETP inhibitors have shown neutral or adverse effects on cardiovascular outcomes. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 30,449 adults with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive atorvastatin therapy and who had a mean LDL cholesterol level of 61 mg per deciliter (1.58 mmol per liter), a mean non-HDL cholesterol level of 92 mg per deciliter (2.38 mmol per liter), and a mean HDL cholesterol level of 40 mg per deciliter (1.03 mmol per liter). The patients were assigned to receive either 100 mg of anacetrapib once daily (15,225 patients) or matching placebo (15,224 patients). The primary outcome was the first major coronary event, a composite of coronary death, myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization. During the median follow-up period of 4.1 years, the primary outcome occurred in significantly fewer patients in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (1640 of 15,225 patients [10.8%] vs. 1803 of 15,224 patients [11.8%]; rate ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 0.97; P=0.004). The relative difference in risk was similar across multiple prespecified subgroups. At the trial midpoint, the mean level of HDL cholesterol was higher by 43 mg per deciliter (1.12 mmol per liter) in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (a relative difference of 104%), and the mean level of non-HDL cholesterol was lower by 17 mg per deciliter (0.44 mmol per liter), a relative difference of -18%. There were no significant between-group differences in the risk of death, cancer, or other serious adverse events. Among patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive statin therapy, the use of anacetrapib resulted in a lower incidence of major coronary events than the use of placebo. (Funded by Merck and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN48678192 ; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01252953 ; and EudraCT number, 2010-023467-18 .). Show less
To develop a cost-effective molecular regulator to improve growth metabolism and immunity of animals, a recombinant plasmid co-expressing fatty acid desaturase (mFat-1) and pig insulin growth like fac Show more
To develop a cost-effective molecular regulator to improve growth metabolism and immunity of animals, a recombinant plasmid co-expressing fatty acid desaturase (mFat-1) and pig insulin growth like factor 1 (IGF-1) genes was constructed by the 2 A self-cleavage technique. After entrapment within modified chitosan nanoparticles (chitosan modified with polyethyleneglycol-polyethylenimine, CPP), the recombinant plasmid was injected intramuscularly into mice. Compared with controls, co-expression of mFat-1 and IGF-1 significantly raised the level of serum IGF-1, and increased the liver and muscle docosa hexaenoic acid (DHA) content. Th and Tc cell levels were also elevated, as were expression levels of serum IL-4 and IL-6 genes. These results demonstrate that the immunity and metabolism of an animal can be effectively improved by co-expression of mFat-1 and IGF-1 genes in vivo, which may contribute to further development of novel immunomodulators with beneficial effects on growth metabolism and immunity. Show less
Fa Chen, Baochang He, Lingjun Yan+3 more · 2017 · Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons · Elsevier · added 2026-04-24
The fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene variant is a novel susceptibility marker for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma identified by a recent genome-wide association study, but it is still unclear wh Show more
The fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene variant is a novel susceptibility marker for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma identified by a recent genome-wide association study, but it is still unclear whether this genetic variant continues to influence oral cancer recurrence or death. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of FADS1 rs174549 polymorphism and its interaction with postoperative chemoradiotherapy in the prognosis of oral cancer. A prospective cohort study involving 304 oral cancer patients with surgical resection was conducted in Fujian, China. Demographic and clinical data (adjuvant therapy types, histologic types, clinical stage, etc.) were extracted from medical records, and follow-up data were obtained by telephone interviews. We collected 5 to 8 mL of venous blood from all patients for DNA extraction, and rs174549 genotypes were determined by TaqMan assays (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA). A Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier curve were used to assess the association between FADS1 rs174549 polymorphism and progression-free survival (PFS), as well as overall survival, in oral cancer. Carrying the AA genotype was significantly associated with a decreased risk of PFS: The hazard ratio was 0.52 (95% confidence interval, 0.29 to 0.93) for the codominant model and 0.54 (95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 0.94) for the recessive model. Moreover, better PFS was particularly obvious in patients who had received chemoradiotherapy. A positive multiplicative interaction between FADS1 rs174549 polymorphism and chemoradiotherapy was observed for PFS (P = .036). No significant association was found between FADS1 rs174549 polymorphism and overall survival. Our study suggests, for the first time, that FADS1 rs174549 polymorphism is a potentially independent and favorable factor in predicting oral cancer PFS especially for patients who undergo chemoradiotherapy, and it may serve as a potential target for individualized treatment in the future. Show less
Axin1 is a scaffold protein in the β-catenin destruction complex, which, if disrupted, contributes to pathogenesis of various human diseases, including colorectal carcinogenesis and inflammatory bowel Show more
Axin1 is a scaffold protein in the β-catenin destruction complex, which, if disrupted, contributes to pathogenesis of various human diseases, including colorectal carcinogenesis and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We have previously demonstrated that Salmonella infection promotes the degradation and plasma sequestration of Axin1, leading to bacterial invasiveness and inflammatory responses. Vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) appear to be important regulators of IBD and colon cancer. Although VDR and Axin1 are all involved in intestinal inflammation, it remains unclear whether these processes are related or function independently. In the current study, we hypothesize that VDR is an important regulator for the maintenance of physiological level of Axin1. Using the intestinal epithelial conditional VDR knockout mouse model (VDR We found that VDR deletion led to lower protein and mRNA levels of Axin1, whereas knockdown of Axin1 did not change the expression level of VDR protein. Immunoprecipitation data did not support physical interaction between VDR and Axin1. The VDR regulation of Axin1 was through a VDR genomic binding site for Axin1 gene on the regulatory region. Fractionation data showed that cytosolic Axin1 was significantly reduced due to VDR deletion, leaving the nuclear fraction unchanged. In ileum, Axin1 was distributed in the cytosol of apical epithelium and crypts. VDR is important for the maintenance of physiological level of Axin1. The discovery of Axin1 as a VDR target gene provides novel and fundamental insights into the interactions between the VDR and β-catenin signaling pathways. Show less
We present molecular cytogenetic characterization of a duplication of 15q24.2-q26.2 associated with anencephaly and neural tube defect (NTD). A 35-year-old pregnant woman was found to have a fetus wit Show more
We present molecular cytogenetic characterization of a duplication of 15q24.2-q26.2 associated with anencephaly and neural tube defect (NTD). A 35-year-old pregnant woman was found to have a fetus with anencephaly by prenatal ultrasound at 12 weeks of gestation. The pregnancy was subsequently terminated, and a malformed fetus was delivered with anencephaly. Cytogenetic analysis of the cultured placental tissues revealed a karyotype of 46,XX,dup(15) (q24.2q26.2). Parental karyotypes were normal. Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis of the placental tissues revealed a 20.36-Mb duplication of 15q24.2-q26.2 encompassing 100 Online Mendelian Inheritance of in Man (OMIM) genes including LINGO1, MTHFS, KIF7 and CHD2. Metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis using 15q25.1-specidic probe confirmed a duplication of 15q25.1. Polymorphic DNA marker analysis showed a maternal origin of the duplication. A duplication of chromosome 15q24.2-q26.2 can be associated with NTD. Show less