Growing evidence suggests that lipid metabolism may play a crucial role in mood disorder pathophysiology, and the correlation between blood lipids and mood disorder remains further clarified. This pro Show more
Growing evidence suggests that lipid metabolism may play a crucial role in mood disorder pathophysiology, and the correlation between blood lipids and mood disorder remains further clarified. This prospective, population-based cohort study utilized data from the UK Biobank. The study included 268,098 and 292,121 participants who had never been diagnosed with depression or bipolar disorder and who had complete data at both the baseline and follow-up points. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted on seven blood lipids, and the first three principal components (PCs) were derived. Cox regression analysis was employed to examine the correlation between the risk of mood disorders and the PCs. Multiplicative interaction and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. The relationship between blood lipids and neurological biomarkers was explored using Spearman's analysis. PC1, primarily reflecting levels of Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), showed a protective effect against depression, with HRs of 0.98 (95 % CI: 0.96,1.00) in the fully adjusted Cox regression model. In contrast, PC2, characterized by opposite loadings for triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), was positively associated with the risk of depression and bipolar disorder.(HR = 1.03,95 % CI: 1.01,1.06; HR = 1.11, 95 % CI: 1.01,1.23). Increased PC2 level was related to a significant increase in bipolar disorder risk among participants with high genetic risk (genetic risk score > 90 %, HR = 1.22, 95 % CI: 1.02,1.46). Complicated correlations between blood lipids and serum neuroproteins were detected. These findings suggest complex associations between blood lipid profiles and the risk of depression and bipolar disorder. Show less
Lipid ratio is a balance between atherogenesis and antiatherogenesis. it is an important predictive marker of carotid plaque. The lipid ratios, which include non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( Show more
Lipid ratio is a balance between atherogenesis and antiatherogenesis. it is an important predictive marker of carotid plaque. The lipid ratios, which include non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), remnant cholesterol (RC)/HDL-C, apolipoprotein B (ApoB)/apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C, ApoB/HDL-C, total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C, triglycerides (TG)/HDL-C, were included and analyzed. Sex differences in the relationship between lipid ratios and carotid plaque were discussed. The risk of carotid plaque was found to be significantly associated with the Non-HDL-C /HDL-C, RC/HDL-C, ApoB/ApoA1, LDL-C /HDL-C, ApoB/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C in females but not in males. The ApoB/HDL risk presented the highest relationship with carotid plaque in females only. The predictive value of the aforementioned lipid ratios for carotid plaque was observed in females only. Show less
Background Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia and rearrangement of FGFR1(MLN-FGFR1), also referred to as 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS), arises from aberrant FGFR1 gene rearrangement Show more
Background Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia and rearrangement of FGFR1(MLN-FGFR1), also referred to as 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS), arises from aberrant FGFR1 gene rearrangement in bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, resulting in the transformation of myeloid/lymphoid cells into neoplastic growths. The clinical and laboratory features of affected individuals are influenced by the specific partner genes. Purpose This article aims to report a case of MLN-FGFR1 involving a novel CNTRL::FGFR1 splicing variant and to discuss its clinicopathological characteristics and treatment challenges. Methods/Results We report a case of MLN-FGFR1 in a 35-year-old male patient presenting with leukocytosis, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and a mixed population of B lymphoblasts, T lymphoblasts, and monoblasts in the bone marrow and lymph nodes. Comprehensive molecular profiling, including chromosomal karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), targeted transcriptome sequencing, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Sanger sequencing, identified a novel splicing variant of the CNTRL::FGFR1 fusion, resulting from a t(8;9)(p11;q33) translocation. This novel splicing variant involves an in-frame fusion between exon 38 of CNTRL and exon 11 of FGFR1, retaining the kinase domain of FGFR1 and leading to its constitutive activation. Despite multiple treatment regimens, the patient failed to achieve complete remission (CR). Conclusion The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted therapies, such as FGFR inhibitors, to improve outcomes in patients with FGFR1-rearranged malignancies. Show less
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder that has high comorbidity with mental disorders. The genetic relationships between T2D and depression are far from being well understood. We perfo Show more
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder that has high comorbidity with mental disorders. The genetic relationships between T2D and depression are far from being well understood. We performed genetic correlation, polygenic overlap, Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, cross-trait meta-analysis, and Bayesian colocalization analysis to assess genetic relationships between T2D and depression, in the forms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and depressed affect (DAF). Then, the summary data-based MR (SMR) analysis was performed to prioritize genes contributing to MDD and to T2D from functional perspective. MDD-driven signaling pathways were constructed to understand the influence of MDD on T2D at the molecular level. T2D has positive genetic correlations both with MDD (r Our study points out that depression, in the forms of MDD and DAF, may increase the risk of T2D. Analysis of underlying genetic variation and the molecular pathways, connecting depression and T2D, indicate that the pathophysiological foundations of these two conditions have a notable overlap. Show less
Cholesterol plays a crucial role in regulating synaptic membrane fluidity and ion channels. Due to the blood-brain barrier, cholesterol in the brain is primarily self-synthesized by astrocytes. Howeve Show more
Cholesterol plays a crucial role in regulating synaptic membrane fluidity and ion channels. Due to the blood-brain barrier, cholesterol in the brain is primarily self-synthesized by astrocytes. However, limited research has been conducted on the effects of polystyrene nanoplastic (PS-NPs) on intracranial cholesterol metabolic pathways. In this study, we exposed whole-brain organoids (WBOs) to PS-NPs and identified significant changes in endoplasmic reticulum stress and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways through whole-transcriptome sequencing. To investigate potential mechanisms of altered cholesterol pathways, we constructed a Transwell neuronal-astrocyte co-culture model. Results demonstrated that PS-NPs induced significant endoplasmic reticulum stress in astrocytes, specifically manifested by elevated levels of ATF4 and CHOP, along with increased autophagy indicated by the elevated LC3-II/I ratio. PS-NPs significantly inhibited the AKT/ACLY pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, leading to marked reductions in acetyl-CoA and cholesterol within astrocytes (P < 0.05). In addition, PS-NPs led to a significant reduction of apolipoprotein APOE, which hindered cholesterol transport and ultimately inhibited synaptin (SYN) formation. In summary, PS-NPs induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in astrocytes, impair cholesterol de novo synthesis and apolipoprotein-mediated transport, ultimately inhibiting neuronal synaptogenesis. Furthermore, specific inhibition of ERs restored cholesterol synthesis in astrocytes and neuronal synapses. This study demonstrates that PS-NPs produce neurotoxic effects by affecting cholesterol homeostasis in the brain. Show less
To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying EA(elaidic acid)-induced lipid accumulation in VSMCs(vascular smooth muscle cells). CCK-8 assay determined the effects of EA(0-2.8 mmol/L) on MOVAS(m Show more
To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying EA(elaidic acid)-induced lipid accumulation in VSMCs(vascular smooth muscle cells). CCK-8 assay determined the effects of EA(0-2.8 mmol/L) on MOVAS(murine aortic vascular smooth muscle cells)to select experimental concentrations. Oil Red O staining combined with quantitative lipid droplet analysis was conducted to examine the effects of EA on intracellular lipid droplet accumulation. Intracellular total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG) levels were quantified spectrophotometrically to assess EA's effects on intracellular lipid levels. Western blot analyzed protein expression of PPARγ, LXRα, ABCA1, and ABCG1 to delineate EA's pro-foamogenic mechanism. EA dose-dependently suppressed MOVAS viability(P<0.01). EA-treated groups exhibited significant increases in lipid droplet area/number and TC/TG content versus controls(P<0.01). EA downregulated PPARγ and LXRα protein expression(P<0.05), subsequently suppressing downstream targets ABCA1 and ABCG1(P<0.05). EA disrupts lipid metabolism in VSMCs by inhibiting the PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1/ABCG1 signaling pathway, thereby inducing lipid accumulation and promoting foam cell formation. Show less
no PDFDOI: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.04.021
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening gastrointestinal disease of premature infants, characterized by immune dysregulation and compromised intestinal barrier integrity. Interl Show more
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening gastrointestinal disease of premature infants, characterized by immune dysregulation and compromised intestinal barrier integrity. Interleukin-27 receptor α (IL-27Ra), a critical component of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, exhibits dual pro- and anti-inflammatory roles in various inflammatory conditions. However, its role in NEC pathogenesis remains unclear. To elucidate the functional role of IL-27Ra in NEC development and assess its potential as a therapeutic target. A multi-tiered approach was employed, including integrative analysis of clinical NEC specimens by single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing, and a neonatal mouse NEC model. NEC was induced in mice via hyperosmolar formula feeding combined with LPS gavage, intermittent hypoxia, and cold stress. Additional experiments included immunofluorescence staining for IL-27Ra, cytokine profiling (ELISA, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR)), use of IL-27Ra knockout (IL-27Ra Show less
The development of an immunosuppressive microenvironment is a critical factor in stomach carcinogenesis. Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) serve a pivotal function in medi Show more
The development of an immunosuppressive microenvironment is a critical factor in stomach carcinogenesis. Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) serve a pivotal function in mediating immune suppression. However, the precise mechanisms underlying PMN-MDSCs infiltration into the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and their immunosuppressive functions remain poorly understood. In this investigation, we observed that PMN-MDSCs were up-regulated during stomach carcinogenesis, with gastric cancer (GC) cells secreting CCL26 to promote the infiltration of PMN-MDSCs into the TIME via the CX3CR1 receptor. The infiltrating CX3CR1 Show less
Meng Xiong, Renjie Luo, Zhijiao Zhang+4 more · 2025 · Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · Springer · added 2026-04-24
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Sepsis-induced ARDS involves excessive inflammatory responses, which are modulate Show more
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Sepsis-induced ARDS involves excessive inflammatory responses, which are modulated by macrophages. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of Recombinant Mouse IL-27 Protein on macrophage ferroptosis and polarization, as well as its impact on sepsis-induced ARDS. A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model was established using wild-type (WT) or IL27R In vitro, IL-27 alone did not alter the expression of proteins linked to the ferroptosis pathway or macrophage polarization. Contrastingly, the combination of IL-27 with LPS further amplified LPS-induced alterations in the ferroptosis pathway, thereby promoting macrophage M1 polarization and inhibiting M2 polarization. Additionally, IL-27 + LPS increased ROS levels in macrophages. A sepsis-induced ARDS mouse model was then established via CLP. In vivo, IL-27 exacerbated CLP-induced lung injury in WT mice. Additionally, it decreased the expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins (Nrf2, HO-1, GPX4) and increased those of Ptgs2 in the lung tissue of septic mice. Besides, GSH and SOD levels in lung tissue were also reduced. Moreover, IL-27 also promoted M1 polarization and inhibited M2 polarization in macrophages. In IL27R Oltipraz may alleviate ARDS-related lung injury by up-regulating Nrf2 expression and concurrently inhibiting macrophage ferroptosis. Show less
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, and most CRCs arise from colorectal adenomas. Early detection and removal of precancerous lesions during the adenoma-carci Show more
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, and most CRCs arise from colorectal adenomas. Early detection and removal of precancerous lesions during the adenoma-carcinoma sequence can significantly reduce CRC risk. However, current clinical practice lacks rapid, noninvasive screening tools for reliable adenoma detection. Proteomic analysis was performed on serum samples from patients with inflammatory polyps (non-neoplastic), patients with adenomas, and healthy controls to identify key differentially expressed proteins capable of distinguishing adenoma patients. The alterations in these candidate proteins were further validated by ELISA to evaluate their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal adenoma. In two independent cohorts, we identified two candidate biomarkers, apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) and filamin A (FLNA), through a multi-step selection process involving ANOVA p-value screening, sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA), and LASSO regression analysis. These candidates were subsequently validated in a third cohort using ELISA. The ELISA results for APOA4 were discordant with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) findings. In contrast, FLNA levels measured by ELISA showed a progressive decrease from healthy controls to patients with inflammatory polyps and further to those with adenomas. We propose FLNA as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of colorectal adenomas. The areas under the ROC curves exceeded 0.7 for both key clinical comparisons: 0.810 for adenomas versus healthy controls, and 0.734 for adenomas versus inflammatory polyps. Overall, this study not only enhances our understanding of the serum proteome in colorectal adenoma but also identifies FLNA as a promising biomarker for its clinical diagnosis. Show less
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is the best established genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease in later life, with the ε4 allele conferring higher risk. APOE disclosure is becoming increasingly Show more
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is the best established genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease in later life, with the ε4 allele conferring higher risk. APOE disclosure is becoming increasingly common in the clinical care of people with Alzheimer's disease and in cognitively unimpaired adults. In this study, we aimed to describe changes in measures of genetic disease knowledge and psychiatric symptoms following APOE disclosure to cognitively unimpaired adults. Data were collected as part of the screening phase of the global, multicentre, Alzheimer's Prevention Initiative Generation Study 1 (NCT02565511). Eligible individuals were cognitively unimpaired (Mini-Mental State Exam total score ≥24), aged 60-75 years, and psychologically pre-screened for readiness (by measures of depressive symptoms and anxiety) to receive their APOE genotype from a health-care provider. Participants were assessed before disclosure, and 2-7 days, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after disclosure. Multivariable linear and ordinal logistic regressions were used to compare changes in genetic disease knowledge, anxiety, depression, and distress by APOE4 genotype status, adjusting for key covariates, with a focus on 2-7 days after disclosure. Multiple imputation by chained equations methods was used to account for missing outcome data. The trial took place between Nov 30, 2015, and Sept 23, 2019. In total, 9496 participants (including 790 APOE4 homozygotes, 4869 heterozygotes, and 3837 non-carriers) learned their APOE genotype from a health-care provider as part of Generation Study 1 screening. 4038 (42·5%) participants were in the 65-69-year age group, 5790 (61·0%) were female, 3706 (39·0%) were male, and 8862 (93·3%) self-identified as White. Increase in genetic disease knowledge 2-7 days after disclosure was greater in APOE4 homozygotes (mean 1·19 [SD 3·95]) than in heterozygotes (0·78 [3·95], p=0·042) and non-carriers (0·29 [3·96], p=0·0002). Disease-specific distress 2-7 days after disclosure increased more in homozygotes (2·25 [6·42]) than in heterozygotes (0·53 [5·08], p<0·0001) and non-carriers (0·79 [4·95], p<0·0001). Levels of anxiety 2-7 days after disclosure increased in homozygotes (0·17 [2·95]) but decreased in heterozygotes (-0·67 [2·68], p<0·0001) and non-carriers (-0·66 [2·67], p<0·0001). There were no significant changes in depressive symptoms following disclosure for any APOE4 group. Notably, for all APOE4 groups, increases in distress and anxiety were small and did not reach predefined levels of clinical concern. In cognitively unimpaired, psychologically pre-screened adults, APOE disclosure by a trained health-care provider was generally safe and well tolerated, consistent with results from previous studies. To our knowledge, this is the largest study experience of APOE disclosure to date, especially for homozygotes, and is notable for the older age of participants compared with previous research. These results are timely and important given anticipated increases in APOE disclosure to guide clinical decision making once an Alzheimer's disease prevention treatment is approved for cognitively unimpaired adults or if patients' family members are interested in genetic testing. Scalable approaches for returning Alzheimer's disease risk information are critical to meeting anticipated demand. Results from this study may be useful to bolster clinical translatability of disclosure programmes. The National Institute on Aging, Alzheimer's Association, Banner Alzheimer's Foundation, GHR Foundation, F-Prime Biomedical Research Initiative (FBRI), and Novartis Pharma. Show less
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including valine, leucine and isoleucine, are essential nutrient signals that influence mammalian animal metabolism. Many enzymes are involved in the metabolism of Show more
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including valine, leucine and isoleucine, are essential nutrient signals that influence mammalian animal metabolism. Many enzymes are involved in the metabolism of BCAAs, such as branched-chain amino acid transaminases (BCATs), branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), and BCKDH kinase (BCKDK). The aberrant expression of enzymes involved in BCAA metabolism and an imbalance in BCAA amino acid intake can lead to disordered metabolism. Aberrant BCAA metabolism can lead to several diseases, such as human ovarian disease, including ovarian cancer (OC), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and premature ovarian failure (POF), which are common gynaecological diseases. The overexpression of BCATs is found in OC, which promotes BCAA catalysis to provide a large amount of energy for tumorigenesis. However, BCKDK is overexpressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), which promotes proliferation and migration via MEK-ERK. In addition, several studies have reported that high levels of BCAAs are increased in the plasma of PCOS and POF patients. This review focuses on the role of BCAA metabolism and potential management methods for OC, PCOS and POF. Show less
Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is an epigenetic modifying enzyme closely linked to the development of atherosclerosis. Endothelial inflammation is a critical factor in atherosclerosis. However, the rol Show more
Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is an epigenetic modifying enzyme closely linked to the development of atherosclerosis. Endothelial inflammation is a critical factor in atherosclerosis. However, the role of HDAC3 in mediating epigenetic modifications and regulating endothelial inflammation in atherosclerosis remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of HDAC3 on endothelial inflammation and its contribution to atherosclerosis. Firstly, single-cell transcriptomic analysis identified elevated expression of HDAC3 and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in inflammatory endothelial cells of atherosclerotic plaques in symptomatic patients. Endothelial-specific knockout HDAC3 in an apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE Show less
The poor prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) patients is attributed mainly to abundant neovascularization and presence of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs are preferentially localized to the perivascu Show more
The poor prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) patients is attributed mainly to abundant neovascularization and presence of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs are preferentially localized to the perivascular niche to maintain stemness. However, the effect of abnormal communication between endothelial cells (ECs) and GSCs on GBM progression remains unknown. Here, we reveal that ECs-derived SEMA3G, which is aberrantly expressed in GBM patients, impairs GSCs by inducing c-Myc degradation. SEMA3G activates NRP2/PLXNA1 in a paracrine manner, subsequently inducing the inactivation of Cdc42 and dissociation of Cdc42 and WWP2 in GSCs. Once released, WWP2 interacts with c-Myc and mediates c-Myc degradation via ubiquitination. Genetic deletion of Sema3G in ECs accelerates GBM growth, whereas SEMA3G overexpression or recombinant SEMA3G protein prolongs the survival of GBM bearing mice. These findings illustrate that ECs play an intrinsic inhibitory role in GSCs stemness via the SMEA3G-c-Myc distal regulation paradigm. Targeting SEMA3G signaling may have promising therapeutic benefits for GBM patients. Show less
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are interrelated conditions that significantly impair quality of life. This study aimed to identify a feasible biomarker for assessing T2D-MCI Show more
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are interrelated conditions that significantly impair quality of life. This study aimed to identify a feasible biomarker for assessing T2D-MCI risk and to evaluate a potential therapeutic strategy. We integrated data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate genetic causal relationships between T2D, MCI, and their shared biomarkers. Transcriptomic analysis identified T2D-associated genes. Clinical trials evaluated the short-term effects of modified fasting therapy (MFT) on glucose regulation and cognitive function. Cellular assays and patient samples were used to validate the regulatory roles of key genes in biochemical markers and downstream signaling pathways. Among 6,356 T2D and 1,138 MCI subjects, vitamin D, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), globulin, and creatinine were associated with both conditions. MR analysis showed that higher HDL-C levels reduced T2D risk (0.9059, 95% CI: 0.8666-0.9470) but increased MCI risk (OR = 1.0482, 95% CI: 1.0216-1.0755). Nuclear factor I A ( HDL-C has divergent genetic effects on T2D and MCI. Show less
Previous studies have investigated the role of metabolic factors in risk of hematological malignancies with contradicting findings. Existing studies are generally limited by potential concern of rever Show more
Previous studies have investigated the role of metabolic factors in risk of hematological malignancies with contradicting findings. Existing studies are generally limited by potential concern of reverse causality and confounding by inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations of glucose, lipid, and apolipoprotein biomarkers with the risk of hematological malignancy. We performed a study of over 560,000 individuals of the Swedish AMORIS cohort, with measurements of biomarkers for carbohydrate, lipid, and apolipoprotein metabolism during 1985-1996 and follow-up until 2020. We conducted a prospective cohort study and used Cox models to investigate the association of nine different metabolic biomarkers (glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-C/HDL-C, triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA I), and ApoB/ApoA-I) with risk of hematological malignancy, after excluding the first five years of follow-up and adjustment for inflammatory biomarkers. We observed a decreased risk of hematological malignancy associated with one SD increase of TC (HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.91-0.96), LDL-C (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.91-0.97), HDL-C (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.86-0.99), and ApoA-I (HR 0.96; 95% CI 0.93-0.996). Our study highlights a decreased risk of hematological malignancy associated with a higher level of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and ApoA-I. Show less
Microplastics intrigue kidney toxicity such as mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation promotion. However, as an organ relying heavily on fatty acid oxidation, how microplastics influence kidney li Show more
Microplastics intrigue kidney toxicity such as mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation promotion. However, as an organ relying heavily on fatty acid oxidation, how microplastics influence kidney lipidomes remain unclear. Hence, we performed Raman spectra and multidimensional mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics to decode kidney lipidomics landscape under polypropylene microplastics exposure. Kidney functions and cellular redox homeostasis were remarkably disturbed as revealed by levels of biochemical renal function markers, malonaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide and antioxidants. Ultrastructure alterations including the foot process fusion implied the kidney injury associated with lipidomic changes. Raman spectra successfully further confirmed the cellular change of reactive oxygen species and lipid disorders. Lipidomics showed that polypropylene microplastics caused abnormal lipidome and irregular exchange by remodeling triglycerides and phospholipids. Genes involved in lipid metabolism such as Fads1 and Elovl5 exhibited highly diversified expression profiles responding to polypropylene microplastics stress and possessed significant correlations with ROS indicators. These results explained ultrastructure alterations and aggravation of kidney injuries. Our work revealed polypropylene microplastics inducing lipidomic detriment in mouse kidney by Raman spectra and lipidomics firstly, elucidating the significances of lipidomic remodeling coupled with ROS stress in the kidney damages. The findings provided reliable evidence on the health risks of polypropylene microplastics in kidney. Show less
Objective: The potential association between sepsis risk and circulating levels of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) has been a focus of research; however, the causal relati Show more
Objective: The potential association between sepsis risk and circulating levels of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) has been a focus of research; however, the causal relationship between them remains to be elucidated. We hypothesize a causal association between genetically predicted FGFs, FGFRs, and sepsis risk, and we conduct a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to validate this hypothesis. Methods: We utilized a two-sample MR design to assess the effect of genetic variants associated with various FGFs (FGF1, FGF2, FGF7, FGF16, FGF19, FGF21, FGF23, FGF5) and FGFRs (FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, α-Klotho) on sepsis risk, using genome-wide association study summary statistics. Our MR analyses employed the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, along with weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression, supplemented by sensitivity analyses to ensure robustness. Results: The MR analysis identified an unequal number of instrumental variables ranging from 2 to 17 for FGFs and FGFRs when sepsis was the outcome. No significant correlation was found between genetically determined FGF levels and sepsis risk by IVW analysis (all P > 0.05). Correspondingly, similar nonsignificant associations were observed for FGFRs (all P > 0.05). Other MR methods corroborated the IVW findings. Sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier, indicated no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy in the relationships, with the exception of a nonsignificant correlation between FGFR1 and sepsis that persisted after the exclusion of an outlier (odds ratio, 0.84; P = 0.34). Conclusion: The analysis found no significant causal associations between FGFs, their receptors, and sepsis risk, indicating a need for further research on their complex interactions. Show less
This study aims to explore how CPS1 influences the progression of lung adenocarcinoma by affecting the ammonia-induced ROS/AMPK/P53/LKB1 signaling pathway. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to ide Show more
This study aims to explore how CPS1 influences the progression of lung adenocarcinoma by affecting the ammonia-induced ROS/AMPK/P53/LKB1 signaling pathway. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify differential gene expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients. A549 cells were infected with control (NC) or CPS1 knockdown (CPS1-KD) lentivirus. Cells were treated with or without AMPK agonists, AMPK inhibitors, P53 agonists, or P53 inhibitors, followed by Western blot analysis of CPS1, NOX2, NOX4, p-AMPK, p-P53, and LKB1 protein levels. The content of MDA and SOD was measured, and the expression of AMPK, caspase-3 and P53 in tumor cells was detected through immunofluorescence. Apoptosis-related protein expression and tumor cell apoptosis were assessed using Western blot and flow cytometry. Tumor cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8 assays and colony formation experiments. Tumor size was measured in xenograft models using nude mice. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that LKB1 positively regulates AMPK activity. CPS1 knockdown results in increased ammonia levels, with upregulated expression of NOX2, NOX4, p-AMPK, p-P53, and LKB1 in tumor cells. Elevated P53 levels, along with significant increases in Bax, Caspase-8,and Caspase-12 expression, were observed, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. AMPK and P53 act to inhibit lung adenocarcinoma progression. CPS1 promotes the progression of lung adenocarcinoma by suppressing ammonia-induced activation of the ROS/AMPK/P53/LKB1 signaling pathway. Show less
The AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway serves as a central regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, coordinating metabolic stress responses, epigenetic modifications, and transcriptional programs. Its dysfunc Show more
The AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway serves as a central regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, coordinating metabolic stress responses, epigenetic modifications, and transcriptional programs. Its dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide spectrum of complex modern diseases, spanning neurodegeneration, metabolic syndromes, and chronic inflammatory conditions. This review examines the pathway's role as an integrative hub and its potential as a therapeutic target. We synthesize current mechanistic evidence from molecular, cellular, and preclinical studies to elucidate the pathway's operational logic and the consequences of its dysregulation. The analysis is structured around key disease paradigms-including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, cardiovascular injury, stroke, and chronic kidney disease-to dissect its tissue-specific pathophysiological impacts. The AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α axis operates through a core positive feedback loop: AMPK activation elevates NAD+, thereby activating SIRT1, which in turn deacetylates and activates PGC-1α to drive mitochondrial biogenesis and function, further reinforcing SIRT1 activity. Disruption of this cascade manifests in disease-specific mechanisms: promoting Aβ production via BACE1/γ-secretase in Alzheimer's; impairing α-synuclein clearance in Parkinson's; disrupting GLUT4 translocation and insulin signaling in diabetes; exacerbating oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular and neuronal injury; and accelerating fibrosis and sustained inflammation in renal and pulmonary diseases via NLRP3 and TGF-β/Smad3 signaling. The AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway represents a cornerstone target at the intersection of metabolism, aging, and disease. Current therapeutic strategies-including pharmacological activators (e.g., metformin, SRT1720), natural compounds (e.g., resveratrol), lifestyle interventions (e.g., exercise, caloric restriction), and emerging technologies (e.g., gene editing, exosomal miRNAs)-offer multidimensional avenues for intervention. Future research must prioritize elucidating tissue-specific regulatory mechanisms, such as AMPK isoform diversity and PGC-1α interactome dynamics, to enable precision therapeutics and successful clinical translation for a range of complex disorders. Show less
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a substantial global threat. SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural proteins (NSPs) are essential for impeding the host replication mechanism while Show more
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a substantial global threat. SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural proteins (NSPs) are essential for impeding the host replication mechanism while also assisting in the production and organization of new viral components. However, NSPs are not incorporated into viral particles, and their subsequent fate within host cells remains poorly understood. Additionally, their role in viral pathogenesis requires further investigation. This study aimed to discover the ultimate fate of NSP6 in host cells and to elucidate its role in viral pathogenesis. We investigated the effects of NSP6 on cell death and explored the underlying mechanism; moreover, we examined the degradation mechanism of NSP6 in human cells, along with analysing its correlation with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity in patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). NSP6 was demonstrated to induce cell death. Specifically, NSP6 interacted with EI24 autophagy-associated transmembrane protein (EI24) to increase intracellular Ca This study reveals that KLHL22-mediated ubiquitination controls NSP6 stability and that NSP6 induces autophagic cell death via calcium overload, highlighting its cytotoxic role and suggesting therapeutic strategies that target calcium signaling or promote NSP6 degradation as potential interventions against COVID-19. Show less
Cancer is one of the major diseases threatening human health in the world. According to the latest global cancer statistics from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), there were appr Show more
Cancer is one of the major diseases threatening human health in the world. According to the latest global cancer statistics from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), there were approximately 20 million new cancer cases and 10 million cancer deaths worldwide. Amidst this global health concern, branched chain amino acids have emerged as key players, playing an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer. In certain malignancies like colorectal cancer, the average level of BCAA in tumor tissues is twice that in normal tissues. BCAA metabolism is intricately associated with the progression of multiple tumors and is modulated by diverse enzymes, including BCAT, BCKDH, and BCKDK. The metabolism of BCAA involves multiple enzymes and biochemical processes via signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR and AMPK/mTOR, etc. In addition, mTOR inhibitors show potential value in cancer treatment by regulating the metabolism and signaling pathways of tumor cells, which provides a new direction for anticancer efforts. Simultaneously, BCAAs are closely associated with tumor immunity, including NK cells, CD4 Show less
The common variant PNPLA3-I148M, globally, is the most significant genetic risk factor for fatty liver disease. However, it is unclear precisely how I148M drives disease risk. Using human hepatoma cel Show more
The common variant PNPLA3-I148M, globally, is the most significant genetic risk factor for fatty liver disease. However, it is unclear precisely how I148M drives disease risk. Using human hepatoma cells expressing endogenous I148M, we find that the variant impairs cellular secretion of apolipoprotein B (ApoB), the scaffolding protein of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). This is not due to loss-of-function of wild-type PNPLA3. Expression of human I148M in primary hepatocytes and mice also hinders VLDL secretion. Lipidomic profiling reveals a shift from polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine to polyunsaturated triglycerides in I148M cells, reducing membrane fluidity and, concomitantly, VLDL biogenesis. ApoB secretion is substantially rescued in I148M cells overexpressing ABHD5/CGI-58, an I148M-binding partner that normally activates ATGL/PNPLA2-mediated triglyceride lipolysis. Conversely, knocking down CGI-58 or PNPLA2 mimics I148M. We propose that I148M is a neomorph that exacerbates fatty liver risk by simultaneously impeding two major CGI-58-dependent pathways for liver triglyceride clearance: lipolysis and secretion. Show less
Zhen Guo, Jing Su, Lu Liu+8 more · 2025 · Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · Elsevier · added 2026-04-24
Precise differential diagnosis between lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinemia (LPL/WM) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) remains a challenging issue because of overlapping clinicopath Show more
Precise differential diagnosis between lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinemia (LPL/WM) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) remains a challenging issue because of overlapping clinicopathological and immunophenotypic features. In the present study, the differential diagnostic potential of CD180 was assessed by determining its expression patterns in patients with MZL and LPL/WM through flow cytometry. The results indicated that LPL/WM cases exhibited a complete absence of CD180 expression on malignant B cells, whereas MZL cases showed robust CD180 expression (P < .001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that CD180 expression percentage showed optimal diagnostic accuracy in LPL/WM and MZL cases (area under the curve = 0.998, sensitivity = 100%, and specificity = 98.0%), with a further improvement in differentiation potential by the CD180 mean fluorescence intensity ratio (lymphocytes/monocytes) of ≤ 0.47 (area under the curve = 0.937). Moreover, although the MYD88 Show less
Xinyue Shen, Chaobin Qin, Zhixiang Wang+5 more · 2025 · FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · added 2026-04-24
The content and composition of milk fat are critical determinants influencing milk flavor, nutritional value, and economic significance. Buffalo milk is characterized by its high-fat content and compl Show more
The content and composition of milk fat are critical determinants influencing milk flavor, nutritional value, and economic significance. Buffalo milk is characterized by its high-fat content and complex lipid profile, characterized by elevated levels of health-beneficial fatty acids such as linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing milk fat synthesis in buffaloes remain incompletely elucidated. This study employed transcriptomic analysis of milk fat globules (MFGs) from buffaloes exhibiting high and low milk fat content, identifying 15 949 annotated genes, including 234 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were predominantly associated with cell proliferation and differentiation, glyconeogenesis, and reproductive system development. Notably, the expression of IGFBP4, AGPAT4, GPAT3, GPR84, and PC exhibited positive correlations with buffalo milk fat content, identifying them as potential candidate genes regulating milk fat synthesis. Proteomic profiling identified 1678 proteins, including 53 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Enrichment analysis indicated that DEPs were primarily involved in nucleotide metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and TGF-β signaling. Integrated analysis revealed potential interactions involving the IGFBP4 and PC genes, as well as the ACO1, TMED7, and APRT proteins, highlighting IGFBP4 as a pivotal regulator of milk fat synthesis. Functional validation demonstrated that overexpression or knockdown of IGFBP4 in buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) significantly modulated cell proliferation and altered the expression of key milk fat synthesis-related genes (FABP3, LPL, SCD, ACACA, and FASN), indicating that IGFBP4 can promote de novo fatty acid synthesis and intracellular lipid storage while inhibiting exogenous fatty acid uptake. Collectively, this study provides novel mechanistic insights into the regulation of milk fat synthesis in buffaloes and establishes a foundation for enhancing lactation traits through targeted genetic breeding strategies. Show less
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content in beef cattle is a critical determinant of beef meat quality, as it positively influences juiciness, tenderness, and palatability. In China, the crossbreeding of Wagyu Show more
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content in beef cattle is a critical determinant of beef meat quality, as it positively influences juiciness, tenderness, and palatability. In China, the crossbreeding of Wagyu and Angus is a prevalent method for achieving a better marbling level. However, the molecular mechanisms governing IMF regulation in these crossbreeds remain poorly understood. To elucidate the mechanism of IMF deposition in these crossbred cattle, we conducted a comparative transcriptomic analysis of Show less
Ischemic injury induces a partial mesenchymal shift in endothelial cells (ECs), contributing to impaired vascular regeneration. However, the molecular regulators of this transitional state remain poor Show more
Ischemic injury induces a partial mesenchymal shift in endothelial cells (ECs), contributing to impaired vascular regeneration. However, the molecular regulators of this transitional state remain poorly defined. To address this, we performed circular RNA profiling of endothelial cells under ischemic-like conditions and identified a marked upregulation of a circular RNA, named circATXN1. Functional studies revealed that circATXN1 knockdown modulates endothelial phenotype and vascular response after ischemia. Functional studies have shown that knockdown of circATXN1 can regulate the endothelial cell phenotype and vascular response after ischemia. Mechanistically, circATXN1 knockdown enhances the demethylase protein ALKBH5 to reduce the RNA methylation level of the key transcription factor SLUG, thereby stabilizing SLUG. In animal models, suppression of circATXN1 enhances angiogenesis and improves recovery following ischemic injury. Here, we show that circATXN1 regulates partial endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and angiogenesis by controlling SLUG mRNA methylation dynamics, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in ischemic disease. Show less
Traumatic defects or non-union fractures presents a substantial challenge in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Although synthetic calcium phosphate-based biomaterials (CaPs) Show more
Traumatic defects or non-union fractures presents a substantial challenge in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Although synthetic calcium phosphate-based biomaterials (CaPs) such as dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrate (DCPA) are commonly employed for bone repair, their inadequate cellular immune responses significantly impede sustained degradation and optimal osteogenesis. In this study, drawing inspiration from the key structure of an acidic non-collagenous protein-CaP complex (ANCPs-CaP) essential for natural bone formation, we prepared biomimetic mineralized dibasic calcium phosphate (MDCPA). This preparation utilized plant-derived non-collagenous protein Zein as the organic template and acidic artificial saliva as the mineralization medium. Physicochemical property analysis revealed that MDCPA is a complex of Zein and DCPA, which mimics the composite of the natural ANCP-CaP. Moreover, MDCPA exhibited enhanced biodegradability and osteogenic potential. Mechanistic insight revealed that MDCPA can be phagocytized and degraded by macrophages via the FCγRIII receptor, leading to the release of interleukin 27 (IL-27), which promotes osteogenic differentiation by osteoimmunomodulation. The critical role of IL-27 in osteogenesis is further confirmed using IL-27 gene knockout mice. Additionally, MDCPA demonstrates effective healing of critical-sized defects in rat cranial bones within only 4 w, providing a promising basis and valuable insights for critical-sized bone defects regeneration. Show less
We report herein a phase Ib trial to determine the safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of erdafitinib, a pan-FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with fulvestrant and palbociclib in patients with Show more
We report herein a phase Ib trial to determine the safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of erdafitinib, a pan-FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with fulvestrant and palbociclib in patients with hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancers (NCT03238196). Thirteen patients were enrolled on the escalation phase in a traditional 3 + 3 trial design to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Subsequently, 22 patients were treated at the established MTD during the expansion phase. All patients had received prior treatment with cyclin-dependent kinase-4/6 inhibitors and endocrine therapy, and 29 showed FGFR pathway alterations in their tumors. The MTD of erdafitinib was 6 mg taken orally once daily when combined with palbociclib and fulvestrant. The triple combination showed clinically manageable tolerability. Most common adverse events were neutropenia, likely attributable to palbociclib, and oral mucositis and hyperphosphatemia, attributable to erdafitinib. Three patients showed a partial response, one of them lasting more than 2.5 years, despite lacking detectable FGFR1 to FGFR4 somatic alterations. FGFR1 amplification was not associated with response to FGFR inhibition, but high FGFR1 protein expression, measured by IHC, correlated with longer progression-free survival within the FGFR1-amplified cohort. There was no correlation between FGFR1 copy number and FGFR1 protein levels in specimens from metastatic sites, potentially highlighting the need for a more recent metastatic tumor biopsy for biomarker evaluation. The trial endpoint was met establishing the MTD of erdafitinib at 6 mg. Whereas the triplet regimen may pose tolerability challenges, alterative doublets with selective FGFR1 inhibitors in patients with FGFR1-dependent tumors, possibly administered in sequence, are worthy of further investigation. Show less
The current study aims to investigate whether exosomal miRNAs are involved in lipid reduction by selenium (Se) in the liver of grass carp, through miRNA sequencing, transfection of miRNA mimic (miR-22 Show more
The current study aims to investigate whether exosomal miRNAs are involved in lipid reduction by selenium (Se) in the liver of grass carp, through miRNA sequencing, transfection of miRNA mimic (miR-22m) or inhibitor (miR-22i), isolation of hepatocyte-derived exosomes and treatment, and detection of lipid metabolism-related genes and proteins. The miRNAs sequencing and bioinformatics revealed that miR-22 was most abundantly expressed in the differentially expressed miRNAs after selenium treatment, and was enriched in lipid metabolism-related pathways. Moreover, Se significantly up-regulated the miR-22 levels and reduced the lipid content in liver or hepatocytes of grass carp. Furthermore, the miR-22m significantly increased levels of miR-22 and reduced lipid content in grass carp hepatocytes, which were consistent with the Se-treatment. However, the miR-22i reversed these trends. Besides, the miR-22 suppressed the FGFR1-PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway and its downstream genes related to lipid synthesis. More importantly, the Se-treated hepatocyte-exosomes which were enriched in the miR-22 significantly reduced the triglycerides content in the oleic acid-treated hepatocytes. In summary, Se alleviated high fat-induced lipid accumulation in grass carp liver by up-regulating the expression of miR-22 which negatively regulates FGFR1 and its downstream regulatory genes. Moreover, exosomes participate in the lipid reduction by Se, which may be through carrying miR-22. Show less