ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the effects of different exercise interventions on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in patients with neurodegenerative diseases and to explore regu Show more
ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the effects of different exercise interventions on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in patients with neurodegenerative diseases and to explore regulatory factors.MethodsSearched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, CNKI and Cochrane Library databases up to March 15, 2025. Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted using R software, and meta-regression analyzed the moderating effects of training period and frequency.Results42 randomized controlled trials covering 1482 patients were included. The Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking (SUCRA) indicated that stretching training (SUCRA = 78.92) and high-intensity interval training (SUCRA = 69.73) were ranked higher than other exercise modalities and exhibited more favorable effect on BDNF enhancement, although neither demonstrated statistically significant superiority over the blank control. In contrast, combined training (SUCRA = 35.58), aerobic training (SUCRA = 35.17), and resistance training (SUCRA = 12.98) showed relatively lower potential for BDNF enhancement (blank control SUCRA = 67.62). Meta-regression analysis showed that the effect of combined training was significantly and positively correlated with intervention period ( Show less
Joon Sang Han, Young Jin Jang · 2025 · Research quarterly for exercise and sport · Taylor & Francis · added 2026-04-24
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition marked by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This narrative review examines the effects of various ex Show more
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition marked by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This narrative review examines the effects of various exercise modalities on ADHD symptoms, based on recent meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials with a focus on children and adolescents published between 2015 and 2025. Exercise modalities categorized as aerobic, open-skill, closed-skill, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and cognitively demanding activities were examined in recent meta-analyses and clinical trials. Closed-skill exercises like swimming and yoga reduced hyperactivity and impulsivity, while open-skill sports improved attention. HIIT and cognitively engaging tasks enhanced executive function and increased neurochemicals such as BDNF and catecholamines. HIIT shows promise when intensity is individualized and recovery is adequate. Preliminary mechanistic links include catecholamine and BDNF modulation; PI3K-pathways remain hypothesis-generating. Although optimal exercise parameters remain to be determined, accumulating evidence supports the role of structured physical activity as a feasible and effective adjunct to conventional treatment. While many programs involved ~2-3 sessions/week for ≥30 min, heterogeneity in protocols and study quality precludes universal prescriptions. Future trials should report adherence, ADHD-specific outcomes, and risk-of-bias controls. Show less