👤 Faezeh Abaj

We aimed to study the role of Apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) polymorphisms (Ins/Del and EcoRI) and genotype interaction on lipid profiles and atherogenic indices in response to changes in dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) of diet. This cross-sectional study consisted of 700 diabetic patients. Biochemical markers including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), interlukin-18 (IL-18), and Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) were measured based on standard protocols. Genotyping of the Apo-B polymorphisms was conducted by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Subjects with Ins/Ins genotype with higher DTAC intake had lower TG, AIP, and AC compared to Del-allele carriers. Moreover, A-allele carriers (EcoRI) with a higher median intake of DTAC had lower body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) compared to GG homozygotes. For combined genotypes, the EcoRI only variant (Ins/Ins and AA + AG) with higher DTAC intake had lower BMI and WC. Moreover, Ins/Del only variant (Ins/del + del/del and GG) with more adherence to DTAC had higher TG and AIP. Our study showed that Apo-B polymorphisms interact with the antioxidant capacity of diet to ameliorate the risk of cardio-metabolic diseases, especially atherosclerosis in the A carriers of EcoR1 and Ins/Ins homozygous of Ins/Del polymorphism. Show less

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is an important global health challenge, is expanding. One of the main factors in the occurrence of CVD is a high genetic risk. The interaction between genetic risk in CVD and nutrition is debatable. Polyphenols are one of the important dietary components that may have a protective role in people who have a high genetic risk score (GRS) for cardiometabolic risk factors. This study, conducted in overweight and obese women, examines the interaction between polyphenol intake and specific genes (MC4r, Cav-1, and Cry1) related to maintaining body balance and their interaction with cardiometabolic risk factors. This cross-sectional study included 391 women who were overweight or obese, aged 18 to 48 years, with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 40 kg/m The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age and BMI of women were 36.67 (9.1) years and 30.98 (3.9) kg/m According to our findings, those with a high GRS may have a protective effect on cardiometabolic risk factors by consuming high amounts of polyphenols. Further studies will be necessary in the future to validate this association. Show less

ApoB insertion/deletion (ins/del) genetic variant (rs11279109) is thought to be related to cardio-metabolic markers and obesity. This association has the potential to be modified by dietary patterns. Since the majority of studies concerned the role of dietary acid load (DAL) or ApoB in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications independently, and due to the insufficient data regarding the possible interactions between ApoB genetic variants and DAL on anthropometric and metabolic markers, we aimed to study the interaction between this genetic variant and dietary acid load (DAL) on cardio-metabolic markers, along with leptin among Iranian individuals with T2DM. 700 T2DM patients were randomly recruited. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used for DAL calculation including potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net-endogenous acid production (NEAP). The polymerase chain reaction was used for genotyping the ApoB ins/del (rs11279109). The general linear model was applied to find the interactions in the crude and adjusted models. Patients with del/del genotype (rs11279109) with high PRAL intake have lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P Show less

Gene-diet interaction plays a key role in the inter-individual differences in lipid abnormalities as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Thus, we explored the interaction between CETP TaqB1 polymorphism with dietary acid load (DAL) on lipid profile among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This cross-sectional study conducted on 220 Iranian patients with T2DM. Dietary acid load (PRAL and NEAP) was calculated via a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used for genotyping Taq1B polymorphism. Biochemical markers were measured by standard protocol. The interaction between CETP Taq1B polymorphism and DAL (PRAL and NEAP) on lipid profile was performed by a generalized linear regression model (GLM). The overall prevalence of rs708272 genotypes was 8.6%, 72.7% and 18.6% for B1B1, B1B2 and B2B2 genotype respectively. This study showed that people with the B1B1 genotype had greater LDL, TC, LDL/HDL, and TG when they consumed diets that scored higher on the NEAP and PRAL indexes than those with the B1B2 and B2B2 genotypes. Besides, carriers of the B1B1 allele who were in the highest tertile of NEAP, had lower HDL (P Interaction < 0.05). In summary, the lipid profile might be improved in B1B1 homozygotes by less adherence to DAL indexes, however, the findings should be validated in high-quality interventional studies. Show less

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women globally. Recent studies have reported that the minor allele (C allele) for melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) rs17782313 may be related to the incidence of obesity and the risk of CVD. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the interactions between the modified Nordic-style diet score (MND) and MC4R gene variant on markers of CVD. The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 282 Iranian women, aged 18-48 years, with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25. MND score was assessed using a 147 items food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Genotyping of the MC4R (rs17782313) was conducted by the PCR method. The anthropometric measurements and serum profiles were assessed by standard protocols. The means and standard deviation (SD) of age, weight, and BMI of individuals were 36.67 ± 9.10 years, 81.29 ± 12.43 kg, and 31.26 ± 4.29 kg/m In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that diet, gene variants, and their interaction should be considered in metabolic disease risk assessment. Further studies are needed to confirm these data and better elucidate the interaction. Show less

Gene-diet interactions may play an important role in the inter individual diversity observed in on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Therefore, in the current study, we examined the interaction of CETP TaqB1 polymorphism with dietary insulin index and load (DII and DIL), in altering on CVD risk factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from 220 type 2 diabetic patients (134 females and 86 male) with a mean age of 52.24 years in Tehran, Iran. DIL and DII were obtained via validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Taq1B polymorphism was genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Biochemical markers including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), pentraxin-3 (PTX3), isoprostaneF2α (PGF2α). interleukin 18 (IL18), leptin and ghrelin were measured by standard protocol. Patients with B1B1 genotype had lower lipid profiles include LDL/HDL (P < 0.001) and TG (P = 0.04) when they consumed diets higher on the DIL and DII index. Moreover, carriers of B2B2 genotype who were in the last tertile of DIL had higher antioxidant and inflammatory markers include SOD (P = 0.01), PGF2α (P = 0.04) and CRP (P = 0.02). Further, a significant interaction between CETP TaqB1 and DII was shown in terms of WC (P = 0.01), where the highest WC were observed in B2B2 genotype carriers following a DII score. However, the highest inflammatory and antioxidant markers include CRP (P = 0.04), TAC (P = 0.01), SOD (P = 0.02), and PGF2α (P = 0.02) were observed in B2B2 genotype carriers when they consumed diets higher on the DII index. Based on the current study, it could be proposed that CETP polymorphism may be associated with CVD risk factors in T2DM patients with high following insulin indices, including DII and DIL. It seems that CETP Taq1B polymorphism can invert the result produced by insulin. This conclusion illustrates that the CETP Taq1B B1 allele could counteract the CVD risk induced by high DII and DIL. Show less