Injectable hydrogel implants represent a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic heart failure; but their efficacy is often limited by low bioactivity, poor durability, and inadequate injection te Show more
Injectable hydrogel implants represent a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic heart failure; but their efficacy is often limited by low bioactivity, poor durability, and inadequate injection techniques. Herein, a unique hydrogel incorporating extracellular matrix from fish swim bladder (FSB-ECM), which has distinct advantages over mammalian derived ECM, such as low antigenicity, bioactivity, and source safety, is developed. It consists of collagen, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans, including 13 proteins common in the myocardial matrix and three specific proteins: HSPG, Col12a1, and vWF. This hydrogel enhances cardiac cell adhesion and stretching while promoting angiogenesis and M2 macrophage polarization. In addition, its storage modulus (G') increases over time, reaching about 1000Β Pa after 5 min, which facilitates transcatheter delivery and in situ gelling. Furthermore, this hydrogel provides sustained support for cardiac contractions, exhibiting superior longevity. In a rat model of ischemic heart failure, the ejection fraction significantly improves with FSB-ECM treatment, accompanied by increased angiogenesis, reduced inflammation, and decreased infarct size. Finally, RNA sequencing combined with in vitro assays identifies ANGPTL4 as a key protein involved in mediating the effects of FSB-ECM treatment. Overall, this new injectable hydrogel based on FSB-ECM is suitable for transcatheter delivery and possesses remarkable reparative capabilities for treating heart failure. Show less
Juvenile hormone (JH) is important to maintain insect larval status; however, its cell membrane receptor has not been identified. Using the lepidopteran insect
CKN is a self-developed LXRΞ± agonist capable of up-regulating the expression of ABCA1, diminishing intracellular lipid deposition, and attenuating the inflammatory response. Nevertheless, the protecti Show more
CKN is a self-developed LXRΞ± agonist capable of up-regulating the expression of ABCA1, diminishing intracellular lipid deposition, and attenuating the inflammatory response. Nevertheless, the protective effect and mechanism of ischemic stroke remain indistinct. The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects and the underlying mechanisms of CKN in ischemic stroke. In this study, the tMCAO model was utilized to induce cerebral artery occlusion in mice, and cholesterol-induced BV2 and primary microglia models were adopted. Neuronal damage and the effect of CKN on ABCA1 expression, lipid deposition, and TLR4 signaling in penumbra microglia were assessed. The results demonstrated that: (1) CKN treatment markedly ameliorated the neurological deficit score of the tMCAO model, contracted the infarct size, and mitigated the damage of the cerebral cortex. (2) CKN has the capacity to up-regulate the expression of ABCA1 in microglia within the ischemic penumbra by activating the LXRΞ±/ABCA1 signaling pathway, and minimize lipid deposition and inflammatory responses. (3) The activation of the LXRΞ±/ABCA1 signaling pathway is profoundly implicated in the inflammatory response triggered by CKN inhibition of the TLR4 signaling pathway in microglia. The present study demonstrated for the first time that the activation of the LXRΞ±/ABCA1 signaling possessed the ability to attenuate reperfusion injury in ischemic stroke by means of reducing lipid droplet formation and TLR4-mediated inflammatory signaling within microglia in the ischemic penumbra. Show less
As a chronic lipid driven arterial disease, dyslipidemia is one of the most critical risk factors for atherosclerosis (AS). The gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating host lipid metaboli Show more
As a chronic lipid driven arterial disease, dyslipidemia is one of the most critical risk factors for atherosclerosis (AS). The gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating host lipid metabolism disorders. Studies have shown that the herb "Gualou-Xiebai" (GLXB) can effectively regulate the blood lipid levels of ApoE Show less
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Identifying patients with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) at risk of short-term progression to ESRD remains challen Show more
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Identifying patients with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) at risk of short-term progression to ESRD remains challenging. Accurate prediction can improve advanced care planning and patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model for predicting progression within 25 weeks (approximately six months) of ESRD in patients with stage 4 CKD. Electronic health records (EHRs) of patients with stage 4 CKD were analyzed. Nine ML models including Ridge regression (Ridge), random forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) were used to predict short-term progression to ESRD within 25 weeks. The models were trained and externally validated using the data of 346 and 105 patients. Of the 451 patients with stage 4 CKD, 219 developed ESRD. Among the evaluated models, XGBoost demonstrated the best overall performance. In the internal validation, it achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93, an accuracy of 0.90, and an F1 score of 0.89. In the external validation, XGBoost maintained the highest AUC (0.85), accuracy (0.79), and F1 score (0.79), along with the highest average precision (0.89) and a low log-loss (0.48), indicating strong discriminative ability and good generalizability. The top predictive features included high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Alb, Cys C, ApoB, FGB, Bun, Neutrophil, and Total cholesterol. This study demonstrated the feasibility of ML for assessing ESRD prognosis based on easily accessible clinical features. XGBoost demonstrated superior performance in both internal and external validation, suggesting its potential for future patient screening. Show less
Vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) is involved in numerous cellular processes, including DNA repair, cell cycle and cell proliferation. However, its roles and molecular mechanism underlying the progress Show more
Vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) is involved in numerous cellular processes, including DNA repair, cell cycle and cell proliferation. However, its roles and molecular mechanism underlying the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are yet largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrated that VRK1 expression is elevated in HCC tumor tissues, which is associated with high tumor stage and poor prognosis in HCC patients. In vitro and in vivo experiments manifested that VRK1 overexpression significantly promotes cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and tumor growth of HCC by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. Mechanistically, immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry analysis determined that VRK1 interacts with CHD1L, which mediates the phosphorylation of CHD1L at serine 122 site. RNA-seq revealed that one of the key downstream target genes of VRK1 is SNAI1, by which VRK1 promotes EMT process and HCC progression. Furthermore, VRK1 upregulates SNAI1 expression through phosphorylating CHD1L. In conclusion, these findings suggested that VRK1/CHD1L/SNAI1 axis acts as a cancer-driving pathway to promote the proliferation and EMT of HCC, indicating that targeting VRK1 may be an attractive therapeutic strategy of HCC. Show less
R-loop is a common chromatin feature consisting of a displaced single-stranded DNA and an RNA-DNA hybrid, and dysregulation of R-loop surveillance results in genomic and transcriptomic instability. Al Show more
R-loop is a common chromatin feature consisting of a displaced single-stranded DNA and an RNA-DNA hybrid, and dysregulation of R-loop surveillance results in genomic and transcriptomic instability. Although the RNA moiety of most R-loops originates from linear transcripts, circular RNAs (circRNAs), outputs from back-splicing, can also hybridize with the complementary strand of a DNA duplex. However, how circRNA-associated R-loops (ciR-loops) are monitored remains elusive. Here, we identify the DEAD-box RNA helicase Brr2 as an evolutionarily-conserved ciR-loop repressor with dual roles in inhibiting circRNA generation and resolving harmful ciR-loops. Accumulation of ciR-loops caused by loss-of-function of this dual-action factor induces antisense transcription and premature transcription termination for many genes and generates significant DNA damage, which further leads to a series of defects in DNA replication, cell division and cell proliferation. We propose that functional integration of multilayered regulation by a single protein can be an efficient double protection against genome instability. Show less
This study aimed to identify the latent profiles of cognitive function among community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults, and to examine their associated influencing factors, in order to inf Show more
This study aimed to identify the latent profiles of cognitive function among community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults, and to examine their associated influencing factors, in order to inform the development of targeted interventions. A convenience sampling method was used to select 6,708 elderly people aged 60β―years and older from six communities and nine long-term care institutions across China, who were assessed using a general information questionnaire, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Frailty Scale, the Anxiety Scale, the Depression Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed based on the MMSE scores, and multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the influencing factors of cognitive function categories. A total of three cognitive function profiles were identified: High cognitive Function group (41.2%), Moderate Cognitive Function Group (48.2%) and Low cognitive Function group (10.7%). Higher Frailty [odds ratio (ORs)β―=β―1.070-1.246], higher depressive symptom scores (ORβ―=β―1.059-1.191) and poorer sleep quality (higher PSQI; OR =β―1.088) were associated with higher odds of belonging to the Moderate/Low cognitive profiles, whereas adequate social support (Yes vs. No; OR =β―0.530-0.696), selected middle-income categories versus β₯Β₯6,000 in per-capita monthly household income (ORβ―=β―0.462-0.735) and male sex (ORβ―=β―0.556-0.876) were associated with lower odds. Cognitive function among older adults can be classified into three distinct latent profiles, each associated with different influencing factors. These findings underscore the need for stratified and personalized interventions at the community level to support stratified screening and tailored community programs; given the cross-sectional design, these associations do not establish causality or intervention effects. Show less
Cattle body size measurements constitute the conformation traits that facilitate their production, fertility, and longevity status. Prioritizing functional variants and causal genes of conformation tr Show more
Cattle body size measurements constitute the conformation traits that facilitate their production, fertility, and longevity status. Prioritizing functional variants and causal genes of conformation traits is essential for understanding their genetic basis. In this study, we conducted single-trait and multitrait GWAS for 20 body conformation traits using imputed sequence data in 7,674 Chinese Holstein individuals and identified 27 QTL regions. Leveraging these QTL regions, we performed multitrait Bayesian fine-mapping to identify 30 independent credible sets of putative causal variants. Incorporating GWAS and cis-acting expression QTL data, Mendelian randomization was used to infer 153 putative causal gene-trait relationships. The previously reported genes, such as CCND2, TMTC2, and NRG3, were confirmed in our study. Of note, several novel candidate causal genes were also identified, such as C1R, RIMS1, SERPINB8, NETO2, TTYH3, TTC3, ANAPC4, and PSMD13. Our results provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of body conformation traits in cattle. Show less
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), driven by dyslipidemia and hepatic lipid deposition, has become a major public health concern. Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), a li Show more
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), driven by dyslipidemia and hepatic lipid deposition, has become a major public health concern. Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), a lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity inhibitor, can inhibit triglycerides (TGs) decomposition, and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) enhances fatty acids' Ξ²-oxidation in liver. We constructed a novel fusion protein combining the anti-ANGPTL3 nanobody FD03 and FGF21 (FD03-FGF21), which exerted appropriate binding affinities to ANGPTL3 and Ξ²-Klotho respectively. Our results showed FD03-FGF21 restored bioactivity of LPL which inhibited by ANGPTL3 and activated downstream pathway of FGF21 in iLite FGF21 assay-ready cells. Next, FD03-FGF21 showed a significant therapeutic effect in MAFLD mice, including attenuation of metabolic dyslipidemia, hepatic lipid accumulation, and impaired glucose tolerance. Compared to other treatments, FD03-FGF21 achieved the most significant therapeutic effect with a 79.78Β % attenuation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and a 95.8Β % reduction of hepatic lipid accumulation. Mechanistically, transcriptomic analysis revealed that differential expression genes (DEGs) were principally clustered into lipid metabolism and oxidative stress pathways after the fusion protein treatment, especially the key lipid metabolism genes of LDLR and CD36 were significantly upregulated and downregulated respectively, as confirmed by WB. Furthermore, lipidomic and metabolomic analysis indicated the fusion protein ameliorated disorders in lipid and protein metabolism mainly through the downregulation of DG and upregulation of PC. Hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation were significantly reduced after administration of the fusion protein in MAFLD mice. Collectively, FD03-FGF21 represents an effective therapeutic strategy for MAFLD therapy through ameliorating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. Show less
This study evaluated the protective effects of naringin (NG) against intestinal injury in 7-day-old piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Eighteen piglets (Duroc Γ Landrace Γ L Show more
This study evaluated the protective effects of naringin (NG) against intestinal injury in 7-day-old piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Eighteen piglets (Duroc Γ Landrace Γ Large, body weight = 2.58 Β± 0.05 kg) were divided into three treatment groups based on similar body weights and equal numbers of males and females: the blank control group (CON group), the PEDV infection group (PEDV group), and the NG intervention + PEDV infection group (NG + PEDV group) ( Show less
Xiaolei Song, Chenchen Wang, Qin Ding+8 more Β· 2025 Β· Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society Β· Elsevier Β· added 2026-04-24
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The vicious circle between amyloid-Ξ² peptide (AΞ²) overgeneration and microglial dysfunction is an important path Show more
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The vicious circle between amyloid-Ξ² peptide (AΞ²) overgeneration and microglial dysfunction is an important pathological event that promotes AD progression. However, therapeutic strategies toward only AΞ² or microglial modulation still have many problems. Herein, inspired by the AΞ² transportation, an AΞ²-derived peptide (CKLVFFAED) engineered biomimetic nanodelivery system (MK@PC-R NPs) is reported for realizing BBB penetration and reprogram neuron and microglia in AD lesion sites. This hollow mesoporous Prussian blue-based MK@PC-R NPs carrying curcumin and miRNA-124 can down-regulate Ξ² secretase expression, thereby inhibiting AΞ² production and reducing AΞ²-induced neurotoxicity. Meanwhile, MK@PC-R NPs with excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties could normalize the microglial phenotype and promote AΞ² degradation, providing neuroprotection. As expected, after treatment with MK@PC-R NPs, the AΞ² burdens, neuron damages, neuroinflammation, and memory deficits of transgenic AD mice (APP/PS1 mice) are significantly attenuated. Overall, this biomimetic nanodelivery system with anti-AΞ² and anti-inflammatory properties provides a promising strategy for the multi-target therapy of early AD. Show less
This study aimed to develop and apply a novel computational pipeline combining SELFormer, a transformer architecture-based chemical language model, with advanced deep learning techniques to predict na Show more
This study aimed to develop and apply a novel computational pipeline combining SELFormer, a transformer architecture-based chemical language model, with advanced deep learning techniques to predict natural compounds (NCs) with potential in Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. The NCs were identified based on activity related to seven AD-specific genes, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), amyloid precursor protein (APP), beta-secretase 1 (BACE1), and presenilin-1 (PSEN1). We implemented a computational pipeline using SELFormer and deep learning techniques, conducted optimal clustering and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analyses, and performed a uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) to categorize compounds based on bioactivity levels. Molecular docking analysis was carried out on selected compounds. To validate the computational predictions, we conducted in vitro studies using nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12Β cells. Finally, we mapped the relationships between food sources containing the identified compounds and their target proteins. Optimal clustering analysis revealed five distinct groups of NCs, while QSAR analysis highlighted variations in molecular properties across clusters. The UMAP projection identified 17 highly active NCs (pIC This integrated computational and experimental approach offers a promising framework for identifying potential NCs for AD treatment. The results contribute to exploring effective therapeutic strategies against AD. Show less
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by complex genetic and environmental factors. Genome-edited human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer a unique experimental platform to Show more
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by complex genetic and environmental factors. Genome-edited human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer a unique experimental platform to advance our understanding of PD etiology by enabling the generation of disease-relevant cell types carrying patient mutations along with isogenic control cells. To facilitate this approach, we generated a collection of 65 human stem cell lines genetically engineered to harbor high risk or causal variants in genes associated with PD ( Show less
Accelerated population aging and rising incidence of bone defects have intensified the need for advanced bone regeneration strategies. While tissue-engineered scaffolds fabricated via 3D printing offe Show more
Accelerated population aging and rising incidence of bone defects have intensified the need for advanced bone regeneration strategies. While tissue-engineered scaffolds fabricated via 3D printing offer promising alternatives to conventional grafts, most techniques fail to replicate the multi-scale fibrous architecture of native bone extracellular matrix, limiting their biofunctionality. To address this, we developed a hybrid manufacturing strategy integrating low-temperature thermally induced phase separation with extrusion-based 3D printing of polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds. By optimizing solvent ratios (THF: DMFΒ =Β 3:1) and freezing temperatures (-196Β Β°C-4Β Β°C), we produced scaffolds with tunable micro-nano fibrous surfaces and macroporous structures. Key findings revealed that scaffolds processed at -196Β Β°C (PLA-196) exhibited the highest porosity (pore size: 6.01Β Β±Β 2.06Β ΞΌm), superior hydrophilicity, and enhanced compressive modulus. These scaffolds significantly promoted BMSC adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation via activation of Show less
Coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) represent a significant global comorbidity burden, with shared yet incompletely understood molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to identify sha Show more
Coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) represent a significant global comorbidity burden, with shared yet incompletely understood molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to identify shared diagnostic biomarkers and elucidate core pathways linking CHD and T2D pathogenesis. Integrated bioinformatics of CHD/T2D transcriptomes identified shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and co-expression modules via Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis selected CPD, GGCT, SUZ12, and ZMYM2 as top diagnostic biomarkers. These predictions were validated using C57BL/6 and ApoE Bioinformatics revealed 328 shared DEGs, with CPD, GGCT, SUZ12, and ZMYM2 showing high diagnostic efficacy. T2D mice exhibited persistent hyperglycemia. Aortic histopathology confirmed disease-specific changes: atherosclerotic plaques in CHD and vascular basement membrane thickening in T2D. Critically, all four biomarkers showed concurrent upregulation in diseased vessels at both protein (immunofluorescence, Western blot) and mRNA (RT-qPCR) levels. This study establishes CPD, GGCT, SUZ12, and ZMYM2 as shared CHD/T2D diagnostic biomarkers. Their validated co-upregulation highlights their dual-disease diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Show less
Sepsis-associated acute lung injury (SA-ALI), a critical complication of sepsis, is characterized by immune dysregulation-induced pulmonary dysfunction. Shenmai Injection (SMI) is a standardized herba Show more
Sepsis-associated acute lung injury (SA-ALI), a critical complication of sepsis, is characterized by immune dysregulation-induced pulmonary dysfunction. Shenmai Injection (SMI) is a standardized herbal preparation consisting of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey (Hongshen) and Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl (Maidong), traditionally used for qi-replenishing, collapse-stabilizing, and lung-moistening therapy. Although clinically utilized in the management of SA-ALI, the specific mechanisms by which it acts against SA-ALI necessitate further investigation. The present study endeavors to comprehensively determine the therapeutic efficacy of SMI against SA-ALI through an integrated approach combining network pharmacology, metabolomics, metagenomic sequencing, and experimental validation. In this study, murine SA-ALI was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Poly(I:C). Results indicated that SMI administration significantly attenuated pulmonary inflammation, restored blood-gas barrier integrity, reduced serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressed NF-ΞΊB pathway activation in SA-ALI mice. Network pharmacology elucidated the multi-targeted mechanism of SMI in modulating steroid hormone biosynthesis. Integrated metabolomics and target analysis revealed that ophiopogonin A/B and luteolin in SMI alleviates metabolic dysregulation by targeting key enzymes, including AKR1C3, HSD17B1/2, and SULT1E1. Metagenomic profiling demonstrated SMI-mediated gut microbiota remodeling, marked by suppression of pathogenic Chlamydiaceae (particularly Chlamydia abortus) and enrichment of commensal Lactobacillaceae. Correlation analysis showed that intestinal androstenedione and androsterone levels during SMI treatment recovery were negatively correlated with Chlamydia abortus abundance. In conclusion, SMI enhances the recovery from sepsis-associated SA-ALI by dual modulation of gut microbial ecology and host metabolic homeostasis, thereby establishing its potential as a multi-mechanistic therapeutic candidate for sepsis-related organ injury. Show less
To clarify the anatomical characteristics of the lateral plantar ligament (LPL) of the transverse metatarsal arch (TMA) in the population of southwest Shandong Province, so as to complement the anatom Show more
To clarify the anatomical characteristics of the lateral plantar ligament (LPL) of the transverse metatarsal arch (TMA) in the population of southwest Shandong Province, so as to complement the anatomical structures of the midfoot and Lisfranc joint complexes. A total of 100 adult lower limbs were dissected and the types of LPL were divided according to their insertions, among them, 63 were (63%) and 37 were female (37%); 50 were on the left side (50%) and 50 were on the right side (50%). The fiber bundle length, origin width, insertion width, and thickness of the LPL were measured. (1) According to the insertions of the LPL, they were divided into: β Type I, the LPL was inserted at the base of the second metatarsal (M2) in 47 cases; β‘ Type II, the LPL was inserted at the base of M2 and fused with tibialis posterior tendon (TPT) in 16 cases; β’ Type III, the LPL was absent in 16 cases; β£ Type IV, the LPL was inserted at TPT in 6 cases; β€ Type V, the LPL was inserted at the intermediate cuneiform (IC) in 1 case; β₯ Type VI, bifid LPL with one bundle inserted at the base of M2, and the other bundle inserted at the medial cuneiform (MC) in 4 cases; β¦ Type VII, two bundles of LPL inserted at the base of M2 in 8 cases; β§ Type VIII, the LPL consisted of 3 bundles; the distal, middle and proximal bundles was inserted at the base of M2, the TPT and the lateral side of navicular bone in 2 cases, respectively. (2) There was a statistical significance in the length of LPL between male (31.62βΒ±β3.83) mm and female (28.07βΒ±β3.46) mm (t=-3.050, Pβ=β0.003). There was no statistical significance in the types of LPL between male and female (Z=-1.721, Pβ>β0.05), and no statistical significance in the types between left and right sides (Z=-0.026, Pβ>β0.05). According to our research, LPL originates from M5 and is divided into 8 types according to its insertion location, of which insertion at the base of M2 is the most common. In addition, we found that LPL has fibrous fusion with the long plantar ligament and the TPT, which may be involved in maintaining arch stability. The classification of LPL in this study is a supplement to the anatomical structure of the middle foot and Lisfranc joint complex, providing a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of middle foot and arch injury in the future. Show less
The genetic foundations underlying the observed disease resistance in certain indigenous pig breeds, notably the Min pigs of China, present a compelling underexplored subject of study. Exploring the m Show more
The genetic foundations underlying the observed disease resistance in certain indigenous pig breeds, notably the Min pigs of China, present a compelling underexplored subject of study. Exploring the mechanisms of disease resistance in these breeds could lay the groundwork for genetic improvements in pig immunity, potentially augmenting overall pig productivity. In this study, whole blood samples were collected from pre- and post- swine fever vaccinated Min and Large White pigs for transcriptome sequencing. The mRNA and lncRNA in both pig breeds were analyzed, and intra-group and inter-group comparisons were also conducted. The results indicated that a greater number of immune-related pathways such as the JAK-STAT and PI3K-AKT signaling were enriched in Min pigs. Furthermore, genes involved in inflammation and antiviral responses, including IL16, IL27, USP18, and DHX58, were upregulated in post-vaccination Min pigs compared to post-vaccination Large White pigs. This heightened immune responsiveness could contribute to the observed differences in disease resistance between Min pigs and Large White pigs. Show less
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent malignant diseases affecting women. Cytochrome c (Cyt c) plays a critical role in various pathological processes, however, its precise mechanism in BC r Show more
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent malignant diseases affecting women. Cytochrome c (Cyt c) plays a critical role in various pathological processes, however, its precise mechanism in BC remains unclear. This study aimed to identify prognostic genes linked to Cyt c in BC and explore their underlying mechanisms. Transcriptome data related to BC were initially obtained from TCGA and GEO database. Prognostic genes were identified through differential expression analysis, univariate Cox regression, and LASSO analysis. A risk model was subsequently developed and validated. Additionally, enrichment analysis, immune microenvironment analysis, and the construction of a TFs-mRNA network were conducted. Finally, the expression levels of prognostic genes were examined in both tumor and normal tissue samples, with confirmation through RT-qPCR. Eight prognostic genes ( Show less
Cognitive decline is prevalent among older adults and may be associated with their daily activity behaviours. However, no studies have examined how cognitive decline affects older adults' activity beh Show more
Cognitive decline is prevalent among older adults and may be associated with their daily activity behaviours. However, no studies have examined how cognitive decline affects older adults' activity behaviours within a 24-h framework. This study investigates the relationship between cognitive function and 24-h activity behaviours in older adults, further exploring whether these associations differ by sex. This study analyses data from the eighth wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, conducting a cross-sectional analysis of 814 older adults. Cognitive function was assessed using the SHARE-Cog tool, encompassing 10-word immediate recall, 10-word delayed recall, verbal fluency, and self-reported memory. 24-h activity behaviours (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], light physical activity [LPA], sedentary behaviour [SB], and sleep) were objectively measured with thigh-worn accelerometers. Compositional multivariate linear regression models were constructed using compositional data as the response variable, with cognitive function measures as predictors. Higher MVPA was linked to better cognitive outcomes (verbal fluency, 10-word immediate recall, and 10-word delayed recall) while SB and longer sleep related to poorer performance, with these associations being stronger in women (model p β€ 0.001). Among women, cognitive outcomes were significantly associated with all activity behaviours (p range = 0.010-0.045). Women who self-reported poor memory and scored 0 on the verbal fluency spent approximately 45% of their day in SB, whereas those reporting excellent memory and scoring 60 spent 40.06% (37.18%, 42.86%) and 36.41% (31.53%, 41.10%) of their day sedentary, respectively. In contrast, men's 24-h activity composition did not vary significantly with cognitive function (p range = 0.051-0.845). Older adults with better cognitive function tend to engage in more PA and reduce sedentary and sleep time. This relationship differed by sex, with females' activity behaviours being more sensitive to cognitive function changes. These findings suggest that interventions promoting healthy lifestyles in older adults should account for cognitive function, particularly in females. Show less
Our previous investigations identified miR-30a-3p as a differentially expressed miRNA in ovine mammary tissue across sheep breeds with distinct lactation performance and different physiological stages Show more
Our previous investigations identified miR-30a-3p as a differentially expressed miRNA in ovine mammary tissue across sheep breeds with distinct lactation performance and different physiological stages. However, its regulatory mechanisms controlling mammary gland development and lactation remain unexplored. In this study, the effect of miR-30a-3p on the proliferation of ovine mammary epithelial cells (MECs) and the target genes of miR-30a-3p were investigated. The regulatory effects of miR-30a-3p on the expression of the target genes and the content of triglycerides in ovine MECs were also analyzed. The transfection of miR-30a-3p mimic was found to promote cell viability and the number of proliferated ovine MECs using CCK8 and Edu assays. On the contrary, the miR-30a-3p inhibitor showed the opposite results with the miR-30a-3p mimic. These results suggest that miR-30a-3p promotes the proliferation of ovine MECs. The dual luciferase assay revealed that Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog ( Show less
To investigate the risk factors associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and develop a nomogram prediction model. This study inclu Show more
To investigate the risk factors associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and develop a nomogram prediction model. This study included 394 patients with MAFLD who underwent coronary angiography at The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between December 2019 and December 2024. The study cohort was divided in a 7:3 ratio into training and validation sets comprising 277 and 117 cases, respectively. The training group was further divided into the MAFLD-only ( Of the 394 MAFLD cases, 313 had CHD-related complications. Of the 277 patients in the training set, 220 had CHD, and of the 117 patients in the validation set, 93 had CHD. LASSO regression analysis revealed that the following variables were associated with the risk of CHD: sex, lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, white blood cell count (WBC), glycated triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and atherosclerosis index (AIP). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that sex, Lp(a), WBC, TyG, and AIP were independent risk factors for CHD in MAFLD cases. A nomogram was constructed and an ROC curve was plotted, based on which the optimal cutoff value was determined as 0.698. The area under the curve of the nomogram in the training and validation cohorts was 0.860 (95% CIβ=β0.807-0.913) and 0.843 (95% CIβ=β0.757-0.929), respectively. Calibration curves for CHD risk probability showed good agreement between the nomogram's predicted probabilities and the observed event rates. DCA demonstrated the net clinical benefit of the constructed nomogram. Sex, Lp(a), WBC, TyG, and AIP emerged as independent risk factors for CHD in patients with MAFLD and the nomogram prediction model constructed using these factors could effectively predict CHD occurrence. Show less
Pork serves as a significant meat commodity, with intramuscular fat (IMF) content being a critical determinant of its quality. However, the epigenetic mechanism of porcine IMF deposition is still uncl Show more
Pork serves as a significant meat commodity, with intramuscular fat (IMF) content being a critical determinant of its quality. However, the epigenetic mechanism of porcine IMF deposition is still unclear. This study integrated proteomics and lactylation profiles from the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles of pigs with extremely high (IMF_H) and extremely low (IMF_L) IMF content to clarify the association between lactylation and porcine fat deposition. Furthermore, an intramuscular preadipocyte induction and differentiation model was conducted to elucidate the changes in lactylation during adipocyte differentiation. Finally, the regulatory role of lactylation in adipocyte differentiation was explored by modulating lactate production during the induction and differentiation of preadipocytes. Proteomic analysis revealed significantly increased expression of key lipid metabolism related proteins (FASN, APOA4, FABP4, ACLY, PLIN1) in IMF_H pig muscle tissues compared with IMF_L tissues, along with substantial activation of lipid metabolism pathways. Lactylation profiling identified 95 differential lysine sites across 56 proteins, with most showing lower lactylation levels in the IMF_H group. The integrative omics analysis revealed differences in lactylation profiles in porcine LT tissues with varying efficiencies of IMF deposition, highlighted PGK1, PKM, and PYGM as central lactylation-modified proteins in porcine fat deposition regulation. Further in vitro study proved that lactate-mediated lactylation inhibited adipogenic differentiation of porcine intramuscular preadipocytes through PPARΞ³ signaling pathway. This study clarified the changes in the lactylation profile in porcine LT tissues with varying efficiencies of IMF deposition, and demonstrated that lactate-mediated lactylation inhibits the PPARΞ³ signaling pathway and the adipogenic differentiation of porcine intramuscular preadipocyte. This study provided a new insight to understanding the epigenetic regulation mechanisms of lipid deposition in pigs. Show less
The objective of this study was to assess the correlation between the ApoB/ApoA ratio and the recurrence of kidney stones in a Chinese adult population. We collected electronic records of patients wit Show more
The objective of this study was to assess the correlation between the ApoB/ApoA ratio and the recurrence of kidney stones in a Chinese adult population. We collected electronic records of patients with kidney stones who underwent surgical treatment at our hospital from March 2016 to March 2022. These patients were followed up and categorized into groups based on the recurrence of kidney stones. Parameters related to routine blood and biochemical tests, as well as the history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, were gathered. Multiple imputation was applied for missing data. Subsequently, differences between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups were assessed using the chi-square test, independent samples t test, or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Logistic regression analysis, subgroup analysis, and propensity-matched analysis were conducted to evaluate the relationship between the ApoB/ApoA ratio and kidney stone recurrence. The study included a total of 923 participants agedβ>β18Β years, among whom 296 experienced kidney stone recurrence during the follow-up period. An elevated ApoB/ApoA ratio was identified as a risk factor for kidney stone recurrence (adjusted ORβ=β2.48, 95% CI 1.04, 5.92). Propensity-matched analyses further supported the association, showing that elevated ApoB/ApoA ratios were linked to a higher risk of renal stone recurrence (ORβ=β3.37, 95% CI 1.24-9.17). The dose-response curve illustrated a positive linear correlation between the ApoB/ApoA ratio and the risk of kidney stone recurrence. Increased ApoB/ApoA ratios are positively correlated with the risk of kidney stone recurrence. This association remains significant, although a causal relationship cannot be definitively established. Show less
To investigate the influence of MEK5/ERK5 pathway on mitophagy in osteosarcoma (OS), as well as the involved molecular mechanisms. The overlapped genes of mitophagy-related genes from MSigDB database Show more
To investigate the influence of MEK5/ERK5 pathway on mitophagy in osteosarcoma (OS), as well as the involved molecular mechanisms. The overlapped genes of mitophagy-related genes from MSigDB database and DEGs between metastatic and primary OS groups from GSE32981 were identified. GSVA of mitophagy-related pathways between the metastatic and primary groups were analyzed. The relationships between Nur77 and mitophagy-related pathways, prognosis, immune infiltrating cells, immune response gene sets were investigated. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were utilized to assess the expression levels of MEK5, ERK5, Nur77, PINK1, and Parkin. Cellular behaviors and mitochondrial potential were evaluated via CCK-8, Transwell assay and JC-1 staining. Total 4 overlapped genes were obtained as mitophagy-related DEGs, including GABARAPL1, HIF1A, PINK1, and RB1CC1. The activity scores of 3 mitophagy-related pathways exhibited significant differences between metastatic and primary groups. Importantly, Nur77 was significantly negatively correlated with a mitophagy-related pathway (GOBP MITOPHAGY: Rβ=β-Β 0.48, Pβ=β0.02). The Nur77 expression in metastatic group was remarkedly higher than that in the primary group (Pβ<β0.001). Patients with high Nur77 expression had poor prognosis, with AUC values all above 0.615 in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival. In addition, Nur77 was closely related to numerous immune cells, including activated dendritic cells, activated mast cells and M0 macrophages, and immune response gene sets chemokines and cytokines (all Pβ<β0.05). In addition, MEK5/ERK5 pathway is activated in OS, and Nur77 is overexpressed in OS, and MEK5/ERK pathway promotes Nur77 expression, tumorigenesis and mitochondrial function in U2OS cells. Cytosporone B implement significantly increased the tumorigenesis of U2OS cells in sh-MEK5 group, and inhibited the weaken in mitochondrial membrane potential caused by MEK5 downregulation, and reversed the protein levels of mitophagy markers PINK1 and Parkin in sh-MEK5 group. MEK5-ERK5 pathway mediates mitophagy by regulating Nur77 to promote tumorigenesis of OS cells. These findings offered promising therapeutic targets for OS. Show less
To explore the correlation between different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution types and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) in patients with hyperuricemia (HUA) and to investigate the relationships Show more
To explore the correlation between different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution types and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) in patients with hyperuricemia (HUA) and to investigate the relationships between TCM constitutions, uric acid levels, and various cardiovascular risk factors. A cross-sectional study involving 683 patients diagnosed with HUA was conducted. Patients' TCM constitutions were classified using the standardise "Classification and Determination of TCM Constitution" questionnaire. Serum uric acid (UA), lipid profiles, ApoB, and homocysteine (Hcy) levels were measured. Among 683 HUA patients, phlegm-dampness (22.99% ) and damp-heat constitution (20.06% ) were the most common TCM constitution types. UA, ApoB, and Hcy levels in patients with phlegm-damp constitution were significantly higher than those in other constitutions (P< 0.05). UA levels were negatively correlated with HDL-C (r=-0.472, P= 0.027) and positively correlated with ApoB (r= 0.618, P= 0.012) and Hcy (r= 0.492, P= 0.018). Phlegm-damp and damp-heat constitutions are the most common TCM constitution types in HUA patients and are associated with higher levels of UA, ApoB, and Hcy. These constitutional types are independently associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Show less
Recent researches highlight the interdependence of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and Lp(a)-associated cardiovascular risk with the background inflammatory burden. This study aimed to investigate whether syst Show more
Recent researches highlight the interdependence of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and Lp(a)-associated cardiovascular risk with the background inflammatory burden. This study aimed to investigate whether systemic inflammation modulates Lp(a)-associated coronary stenosis in chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). A total of 1513 participants undergoing angiography at a tertiary cardiology center in China were included in our retrospective, cross-sectional study. Participants were categorized into normal, mild, and severe groups based on the Gensini Scores, which quantitatively assess stenosis severity. Multinomial logistic models were calculated according to accompanying systemic inflammation concentration. Participants with elevated Lp(a) levels had a high coronary stenosis risk: fully adjusted model odds ratios (ORs) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] for the mild vs. normal and severe vs. normal groups were 1.47 (1.11-1.96) and 1.68 (1.21-2.33). Notably, the strongest Lp(a)-coronary stenosis associations after multi-variable adjustment persisted only in low inflammation concentration [systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) < 0.64)] [mild vs. normal, OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.17-3.54, Elevated Lp(a) correlates with coronary stenosis only in low inflammation concentration. Considering systemic inflammation in personalized Lp(a)-lowering therapies is more conducive for CCS managements. Show less