From 1983, standardized therapeutic protocols for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) based on the BFM group experience were introduced in Poland. We retrospectively analyzed the results of pediatr Show more
From 1983, standardized therapeutic protocols for pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) based on the BFM group experience were introduced in Poland. We retrospectively analyzed the results of pediatric AML treatment in Poland from 1983 to 2019 (excluding promyelocytic, therapy-related, biphenotypic, and Down syndrome AML). The study included 899 children suffering from AML treated with the following: AML-PPPLBC 83 (1983-1993, The probability of three-year overall survival was 0.34 ± 0.03, 0.37 ± 0.05, 0.54 ± 0.04, 0.67 ± 0.03, and 0.75 ± 0.05; event-free survival was 0.31 ± 0.03, 0.34 ± 0.05, 0.44 ± 0.04, 0.53 ± 0.03, and 0.67 ± 0.05; and relapse-free survival was 0.52 ± 0.03, 0.65 ± 0.05, 0.58 ± 0.04, 0.66 ± 0.03, and 0.78 ± 0.05, respectively, in the subsequent periods. A systematic reduction of early deaths and deaths in remission was achieved, while the percentage of relapses decreased only in the last therapeutic period. Surprisingly good results were obtained in the group of patients treated with AML-BFM 2012 with unfavorable genetic abnormalities like KMT2A-MLLT10/t(10;11)(p12;q23) and DEK-NUP214/t(6;9)(p23;q24), while unsatisfactory outcomes were found in the patients with FLT3-ITD. The use of standardized, systematically modified therapeutic protocols, with the successive consideration of genetic prognostic factors, and advances in supportive care led to a significant improvement in AML treatment outcomes over the last 40 years. Show less
In Poland, tobacco smoking by women in a procreational age as well as the pregnant women is a common phenomenon. The aim of the conducted research was to assess the usefulness of cotinine markers in d Show more
In Poland, tobacco smoking by women in a procreational age as well as the pregnant women is a common phenomenon. The aim of the conducted research was to assess the usefulness of cotinine markers in different biological materials--mother and newborn's urine, cord blood se. rum, placenta--as a biomarker of tobacco smoking by delivering women, and dependence between these biomarkers and the newborn's health state. 218 pregnant women (117 smokers and 101 non-smokers), who were checked in at the Perinatology and Gynecology Clinic of the University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, took part in the first stage of the research (period between the twelfth and sixteenth week of pregnancy) carried out between years 2004-2006. In the second stage, 201 pairs of women (89 smokers and 112 non-smokers) and their newborns were checked after the women came to hospital to deliver. The research that was conducted showed that both cotinine in the urine of delivering women and in the urine of newborns as well as in the cord blood serum may be used as a biomarker of exposure of a foetus to tobacco smoke. For practical reasons, it must be assumed that the delivering women urine should be the material from choice. The research did not indicate the usefulness of the determination of cotinine in the placenta, in order to assess the exposure of the foetus to the components of tobacco smoke. On the other hand, again it confirmed the influence of tobacco smoking on the newborn's birth parameters, a correlation between the birth weight, body length and cotinine concentration in the urine of a mother makes it possible to predict the lowering of the antropometric parameters of the newborn as a result of tobacco smoking by pregnant women. Show less