The vertebrate genome is spatially organized into topologically associating domains (TADs), primarily via cohesin-mediated loop extrusion which typically halts at convergent CTCF binding sites to esta Show more
The vertebrate genome is spatially organized into topologically associating domains (TADs), primarily via cohesin-mediated loop extrusion which typically halts at convergent CTCF binding sites to establish domain boundaries. However, despite the essential roles of CTCF and cohesin in establishing TADs, a long-standing paradox persists: CTCF and cohesin binding sites dramatically outnumber observed TAD boundaries, suggesting the existence of undiscovered architectural factors. To identify such missing factors, we conducted high-resolution Show less
The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls cell cycle transitions. Its regulation by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is coordinated with the attachm Show more
The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls cell cycle transitions. Its regulation by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is coordinated with the attachment of sister chromatids to the mitotic spindle. APC/C SUMOylation on APC4 ensures timely anaphase onset and chromosome segregation. To understand the structural and functional consequences of APC/C SUMOylation, we reconstituted SUMOylated APC/C for electron cryo-microscopy and biochemical analyses. SUMOylation of the APC/C causes a substantial rearrangement of the WHB domain of APC/C's cullin subunit (APC2 Show less