In this paper, we present the design of a new automatic fluorescence monitoring system (AUTOFLUO) for real-time control of pesticide contamination in natural waters. This system was used to analyse tw Show more
In this paper, we present the design of a new automatic fluorescence monitoring system (AUTOFLUO) for real-time control of pesticide contamination in natural waters. This system was used to analyse two fluorescent pyrethroid insecticides, phenothrin (PHE) and permethrin (PER), currently used in the Niayes agricultural district in Senegal. The results were then compared with those obtained using the classical fluorescence method (FLUO). The analytical parameters (λex, λem, and pH) were optimised. Phenothrin exhibits maximum excitation and emission wavelengths of 221 and 321 nm, respectively, whereas permethrin has these values at 210 and 297 nm. The optimum pH value was determined to be 7 for PHE and 8 for PER. The linearity of both the calibration and standard addition curves was validated through variance analysis. A Student's t-test demonstrated that the intercept values of the calibration curves were not significantly different from zero (p > 5 %). The limit of detection (LOD) ranges from 0.02 to 5.16 ng mL Show less
Evidence shows that proteins secreted from skeletal muscle influence a broad range of metabolic signaling pathways. We previously reported that essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) improved wh Show more
Evidence shows that proteins secreted from skeletal muscle influence a broad range of metabolic signaling pathways. We previously reported that essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) improved whole-body glucose homeostasis in obese Zucker rats; however, the mechanisms underlying these benefits remain enigmatic. While PUFA and obesity influence skeletal muscle function, their effects on the secretome are unknown. The aim of this work was to determine if improvements in whole-body glucose homeostasis in obese Zucker rats fed diets supplemented with either linoleic acid (LA) or alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) for 12 wk are related to changes in the skeletal muscle secretome. Secreted proteins were identified with a predictive bioinformatic analysis of microarray gene expression from red tibialis anterior skeletal muscle. Approximately 130 genes were differentially expressed (false discovery rate = 0.05) in obese rats compared with lean controls. The expression of 15 genes encoding secreted proteins was differentially regulated in obese controls, obese LA-supplemented, and obese ALA-supplemented rats compared with lean controls. Five secreted proteins ( Col3a1, Col15a1, Pdgfd, Lyz2, and Angptl4) were differentially regulated by LA and ALA. Most notably, ALA supplementation reduced Angptl4 gene expression compared with obese control and obese-LA supplemented rats and reduced circulating ANGPTL4 serum concentrations. ALA also influenced Angptl4 gene expression and ANGPTL4 secretion from differentiated rat L6 myotubes. Altogether, the present data indicate that obesity has a greater global impact on skeletal muscle gene expression than either essential PUFA; however, LA and ALA may exert their metabolic benefits in part by regulating the skeletal muscle secretome. Show less