👤 Dorothea Dumuid

How schoolchildren distribute their time between movement behaviours may be impacted by the neighbourhood environment. Few studies have investigated the associations between the physical and social environment and the full movement behaviour composition, including times spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), sedentary behaviour, and sleep, and their findings are inconsistent. Therefore, our aim was to investigate this association in a large, national-representative sample of schoolchildren from major cities and regional/remote areas. We used data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children and the Child Health CheckPoint study, collected among 1230 child-parent pairs (child age range: 10–12 years). Parents were asked about neighbourhood general safety, access to destinations and services, and social capital and cohesion. Children’s time spent in MVPA, LPA, sedentary behaviour, and sleep was assessed using wrist-worn GENEActiv accelerometers. The associations between the physical and social environment characteristics (independent variables) and movement behaviour composition expressed as isometric log ratio coordinates (dependent variables) were examined using multiple linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, body mass index, pubertal status, sex, and socioeconomic position. Among schoolchildren from regional/remote areas, access to destinations and services (Pillai’s trace = 0.030; These findings highlight the importance of access to destinations and services, as well as social capital and cohesion, in shaping the movement behaviour composition among schoolchildren from regional/remote areas. More research is needed to draw conclusions about the association between neighbourhood environment and movement behaviour composition among schoolchildren from major cities. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-026-01879-z. Show less

24 h behaviours (sleep, time awake in bed, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], light physical activity [LPA], and sedentary behaviour [SB]) may influence long-term mental health through their associations with affective experiences in everyday life. Here, we investigated the daily, prospective associations between 24 h behaviours and affect. Actigraphy-measured 24 h behaviours and self-reported affect data were collected across 7-15 consecutive days in healthy, community-dwelling adults (N = 354, M Associations between 24 h behaviours and next-day affect emerged at the within-person, not between-person level. Relative to the remaining behaviours, more LPA predicted 0.14 [95 % CI 0.03, 0.26] higher high arousal positive affect, whereas less SB predicted lower high and low arousal positive affect (-0.14 [-0.25, -0.02] and -0.12 [-0.24, -0.01], respectively) higher high arousal negative affect (0.13 [0.03, 0.23]). Further, within-person 30-min reallocation to LPA from SB, sleep, and time awake in bed also predicted ≥0.03 [0.00, 0.06] higher high arousal positive affect. 30-minute reallocation of time to LPA and MVPA from SB predicted 0.04 [0.01, 0.06] higher high arousal positive affect and -0.02 [-0.04, -0.00] lower low arousal negative affect. Findings provide stepping stone evidence for identifying optimal daily compositions of 24 h behaviours for affective enhancements in healthy individuals. Replacing time in SB with LPA and MVPA for improving affect should be experimentally tested in daily settings and clinical populations, to inform diagnostic and intervention strategies for better daily affect and mental health. Show less

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with less optimal time spent in 24-hour movement behaviors (24 h-MBs) compared to people with normoglycemia (NG). We aimed to investigate how 24 h-MBs change over time and whether changes in 24 h-MBs differ between adults according to glycemic trajectories over time. Participants ( The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-33099-z. Show less

Global life expectancy has consistently increased since 1950, resulting in more people living to an older age. However, maintaining optimal cognitive health is a challenge as ageing is accompanied by natural cognitive decline, which can affect daily functioning and quality of life. Importantly, modifiable lifestyle factors can play a role in promoting healthy ageing. Among these, physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep have gained increasing attention for their potential contributions to cognitive health. This study investigates in greater detail how these 24-hour movement behaviours relate to cognitive function in older adults. Participants were 233 healthy adults aged 55 years and older (51.1% women; mean age 68.3 ± 7.7 years). Daily time spent in light PA (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), SB and sleep was derived from 7-day wrist-worn ActiGraphy (wGT3X-BT). Cognitive function, including short-term and long-term memory (STM, LTM), executive function (EF) and processing speed, was assessed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and expressed in z-scores. Compositional multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between time use and cognitive function. Compositional isotemporal substitution examined how hypothetical time reallocations between the different movement behaviours were related to cognitive function. Even after adjusting for age, sex, educational level, social isolation and multiple testing, time use was significantly associated with short-term memory (p = 0.01) and executive function (p = 0.001). Hypothetical time reallocations of 30-min from LPA to MVPA were associated with the largest significant mean differences of 0.19 [95% confidence interval 0.05-0.32] in STM z-scores and 0.21 [0.10-0.33] in EF z-scores. Notably, reallocating time from LPA or sleep to SB was also related to better EF z-scores. Importantly, reallocating even 5 minutes away from MVPA to any other behaviour was significantly associated with poorer z-scores in STM and EF. No significant associations were observed for long-term memory and processing speed. This study underscores the importance of considering 24-hour movement behaviours in cognitive health at older age. Dedicating time to moderate-to-vigorous PA seems to be important for specific cognitive domains. Longitudinal studies are needed to further explore these relationships, with a focus on detailed assessments of the various contexts in which PA and SB occur. Show less