Introduction Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, leading to complications in vital organs. Among these, dyslipidemia is common, presenting as low hig Show more
Introduction Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, leading to complications in vital organs. Among these, dyslipidemia is common, presenting as low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), high triglycerides (TG), Apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B), and small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) predominance, collectively known as diabetic dyslipidemia. To assess the atherogenic risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherogenic coefficient (AC) provide valuable insights beyond routine lipid tests. AIP, calculated as log (serum TG/serum HDL-c), correlates positively with the occurrence and severity of diabetic microvascular complications. The AC ((total cholesterol (TC)-HDL-c)/HDL-c) serves as an atherogenicity marker. Waist circumference (WC), reflecting central adiposity and body mass index (BMI), are directly related to both AIP and AC, making them useful non-invasive tools to monitor atherogenicity and predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk independently of each other in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and methods This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Medicine of a tertiary care hospital. It included 100 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients more than 18 years of age, including both males and females. Observation and results In our study, there were 42 (42%) males and 58 (58%) females. The mean WC of males and females were 105.40 and 100.98 cm, respectively. The mean for BMI, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) was 28.83 kg/m Show less