Injectable PCSK9 inhibitors effectively lower LDL-C levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia; however, their high cost and requirement for parenteral administration limit their widespread use. Ora Show more
Injectable PCSK9 inhibitors effectively lower LDL-C levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia; however, their high cost and requirement for parenteral administration limit their widespread use. Oral PCSK9 inhibitors have emerged as a convenient alternative. This review and meta-analysis of the literature evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral PCSK9 inhibitor treatment for adults with hypercholesterolemia. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Scopus were searched through September 2025 for randomized controlled trials comparing oral PCSK9 inhibitors with placebo. The primary outcome was percentage change in LDL-C, with secondary lipid and safety outcomes. We used Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool to assess risk of bias, and pooled estimates were calculated using a random-effects model. Certainty of evidence was evaluated with GRADE. From 1253 records, 3 trials were included. Participants were mostly men, aged 61-65 years, with elevated baseline LDL-C. Oral PCSK9 inhibitors significantly reduced LDL-C and ApoB in a dose-dependent manner and achieved modest reductions in triglycerides (MD -6.56 mg/dL; 95% CI, -12.30 to -0.83) and total cholesterol (MD -25.25 mg/dL; 95% CI, -30.67 to -19.83). Effects on lipoprotein(a) were inconsistent. Adverse events (RR 1.06; 95% CI, 0.91-1.23) and serious adverse events (RR 1.32; 95% CI, 0.41-4.26) were comparable with placebo. According to our review, oral PCSK9 inhibitors are a promising therapeutic option for treating hypercholesterolemia because of their potent lipid-lowering effects and an overall favorable safety profile. However, more trials are needed to confirm their impact on cardiovascular outcomes. Show less
In neurodegenerative diseases, amyloid formation by some proteins cause neuronal damage and loss. To prevent this neuronal damage and loss certain pharmaceuticals are available. Many of these pharmace Show more
In neurodegenerative diseases, amyloid formation by some proteins cause neuronal damage and loss. To prevent this neuronal damage and loss certain pharmaceuticals are available. Many of these pharmaceuticals act on the neurodegenerative disease symptoms but not on the root cause. This study helps to detect more effective agents which directly act on the root cause and reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. To identify new anti-amyloid agents, the folk medicinally important plant Show less