Miao Sun, Yan Liu, Maolin Liu+5 more · 2025 · Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology · Taylor & Francis · added 2026-04-24
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare condition characterized by incomplete pubertal development, infertility, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency, associated with mutatio Show more
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare condition characterized by incomplete pubertal development, infertility, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency, associated with mutations in more than 50 genes. We aimed to conduct an etiological analysis of a CHH Chinese family and summarize the clinical presentations and genetic changes of reported similar cases. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the molecular cause in the proband. In silico tools were employed to analyze the pathogenicity of the variants. Reported cases with similar clinical features and associated genes were summarized by searching through PubMed/MEDLINE using keywords 'FGFR1,' 'CHH,' and 'Kallmann syndrome (KS).' Genetic analysis revealed a novel likely pathogenic deletion mutation in the FGFR1 gene (NM₀₂₃₁₁₀.3: c.263₂₆₄del (Val88Alafs*22)) in a Chinese family exhibiting micropenis and underdeveloped testes. A total of 38 cases with CHH or KS have been previously reported. This study identified a novel FGFR1 deletion variant responsible for CHH, expanding the known mutational spectrum of FGFR1. Typical manifestations include delayed puberty and diverse presentations. The genotype-phenotype correlation in CHH remains unclear and may involve oligogenic effects and epigenetic regulation. Show less
Twenty types of GABAergic interneurons form intricate networks to fine-tune neural circuits in the brain. Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) and somatostatin-positive (SST+) interneurons, which are the two la Show more
Twenty types of GABAergic interneurons form intricate networks to fine-tune neural circuits in the brain. Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) and somatostatin-positive (SST+) interneurons, which are the two largest populations of neocortical interneurons, innervate the soma and/or proximal dendrites, and distal dendrites of pyramidal neurons, respectively. Using PV- and SST-specific knockout mouse models, we show that PV+ interneurons require FGFR2, which responds to FGF7, to drive PV+ inhibitory presynaptic maturation on perisomatic regions of Layer V pyramidal neurons. In contrast, SST+ interneurons rely on both FGFR1 and FGFR2, which respond to FGF10 or FGF22, to promote SST+ inhibitory presynaptic maturation on distal dendrites of pyramidal neurons in cortical Layer I. Mechanistically, FGF-FGFR signaling sustains VGAT protein levels in interneurons through PP2A and Akt pathways. Together, these findings demonstrate that distinct FGF ligand-receptor combinations regulate inhibitory presynaptic differentiation by PV+ and SST+ interneurons, contributing to the formation of compartment-specific synaptic patterns. Show less
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neuropathology characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and cholinergic system dysfunction. At presen Show more
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neuropathology characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and cholinergic system dysfunction. At present, there is no effective treatment strategy for AD. Our previous research showed that ZJQ-3F acts as an inhibitor of AChE/BACE1/GSK3β, and showed good blood-brain barrier permeability, appropriate bioavailability and oral safety. In order to further study, the protective effect of ZJQ-3F on APP/PS1/Tau transgenic mice was determined. APP/PS1/Tau transgenic mice model of AD was treated with ZJQ-3F from the age of 8 to 12 months, and then behavioral tests was conducted. Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the level of tau protein, Aβ plaques and synaptic function. Our results revealed that administration of ZJQ-3F could improve the cognitive function of APP/PS1/Tau transgenic mice. In addition, compared with APP/PS1/Tau mice, the protein expression levels of tau protein phosphorylation site at Ser396, Thr212 and Thr181 in the cortex and hippocampus of ZJQ-3F treated mice was significantly decreased. Moreover, the results showed that ZJQ-3F significantly reduced the deposition of Aβ in the cortex and hippocampus. Furthermore, the results indicated that the protein expression levels of PSD95, SYP and SYT in the cortex and hippocampus were increased markedly after ZJQ-3F was given. Our studies suggest that the chronic administration of ZJQ-3F can improve learning and memory ability, reduce tau protein phosphorylation, reduce Aβ deposition and improve synaptic dysfunction in APP/PS1/Tau transgenic model of AD, indicating that ZJQ-3F can be used as a multi-target inhibitor to slow down the progress of AD. Show less
The STAT3 pathway promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion and metastasis in cancer. STAT3 upregulates the transcription of the key epithelial-mesenchymal transition transcripti Show more
The STAT3 pathway promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion and metastasis in cancer. STAT3 upregulates the transcription of the key epithelial-mesenchymal transition transcription factor SNAIL in a DNA binding-independent manner. However, the mechanism by which STAT3 is recruited to the SNAIL promoter to upregulate its expression is still elusive. In our study, the lysine methylation binding protein L3MBTL3 is positively associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in female patients with breast cancer. L3MBTL3 also promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in breast cancer. Mechanistic analysis reveals that L3MBTL3 interacts with STAT3 and recruits STAT3 to the SNAIL promoter to increase SNAIL transcription levels. The interaction between L3MBTL3 and STAT3 is required for SNAIL transcription upregulation and metastasis in breast cancer, while the methylated lysine binding activity of L3MBTL3 is not required for these functions. In conclusion, L3MBTL3 and STAT3 synergistically upregulate SNAIL expression to promote breast cancer metastasis. Show less
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) serve as an incretin-based hypoglycemic class for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). DPP-4i have been reported to produce a pleiotropic effect on lipid Show more
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) serve as an incretin-based hypoglycemic class for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). DPP-4i have been reported to produce a pleiotropic effect on lipid profiles in addition to regulation of glucose homeostasis. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to quantitatively evaluate the impact of DPP-4i on lipid parameters in patients with T2D. PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials. Trials were identified if changes in lipid parameters, including low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were reported. A total of 95 publications were identified. DPP-4i significantly reduced levels of LDL-C (-3.48 mg/dL; 95% CI, -4.77 to -2.20; I2 = 70%, P < .00001), TC (-2.59 mg/dL; 95% CI, -3.88 to -1.29; I2 = 73%, P < .0001), TG (-5.39 mg/dL; 95% CI, -8.04 to -2.75; I2 = 77%, P < .0001), and non-HDL-C (-6.27 mg/dL; 95% CI, -10.94 to -1.60; I2 = 53%, P = .008). No significant effect was found on HDL-C (-0.32 mg/dL; 95% CI, -1.19 to 0.55; I2 = 97%, P = .47) and ApoB (-0.88 mg/dL; 95% CI, -3.36 to 1.60; I2 = 36%, P = .49) during DPP-4i treatment. DDP-4i significantly improved lipid parameters including LDL-C, TC, TG, and non-HDL-C in patients with T2D. This underscores the potential cardiovascular benefits of DPP-4i and their role in improving diabetes-related outcomes. PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020175999. Show less
Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease linked to oxidative stress and lipid imbalance, remains a major cardiovascular threat. Traditional herbs Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctori Show more
Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease linked to oxidative stress and lipid imbalance, remains a major cardiovascular threat. Traditional herbs Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctorius exhibit multi-target anti-AS potential, yet their compositional complexity limits clinical translation. This study aimed to systematically identify core anti-AS components from these herbs and enhance their anti-AS efficacy via machine learning-aided screening and nanotechnology-driven codelivery. We initially pioneered a machine learning-aided hybrid strategy integrating network pharmacology and quantitative activity relationship (QSAR) modeling to identify four core anti-AS polyphenols (i.e., salvianic acid A, salvianolic acid B, protocatechuic acid, and hydroxysafflor yellow A). Subsequently, a quaternary metal-phenolic network (SSPH-MPN) was engineered for plaque-targeted codelivery, optimized via the median-effect principle for achieving a synergistic effect based on ROS scavenging efficacy. The optimized SSPH-MPN was characterized by a series of studies, including molecular dynamics simulations, UV, DLS, TEM, FTIR, XPS, and ICP-MS. The anti-AS effect of the optimized SSPH-MPN was evaluated by monitoring oxidative status (ROS levels, antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, T-AOC), inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), lipid metabolism (DiI-oxLDL uptake, cholesterol efflux, blood lipid levels, lipid accumulation), and plaque areas. The results demonstrated that the optimized SSPH-MPN showed great efficiency in inhibiting lipid uptake and accumulation, and mediating cholesterol efflux in RAW 264.7 cells, and exhibited improved lipid metabolism, attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation, thus acquired diminished plaque area in apoE Show less
Vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) is involved in numerous cellular processes, including DNA repair, cell cycle and cell proliferation. However, its roles and molecular mechanism underlying the progress Show more
Vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) is involved in numerous cellular processes, including DNA repair, cell cycle and cell proliferation. However, its roles and molecular mechanism underlying the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are yet largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrated that VRK1 expression is elevated in HCC tumor tissues, which is associated with high tumor stage and poor prognosis in HCC patients. In vitro and in vivo experiments manifested that VRK1 overexpression significantly promotes cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and tumor growth of HCC by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. Mechanistically, immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry analysis determined that VRK1 interacts with CHD1L, which mediates the phosphorylation of CHD1L at serine 122 site. RNA-seq revealed that one of the key downstream target genes of VRK1 is SNAI1, by which VRK1 promotes EMT process and HCC progression. Furthermore, VRK1 upregulates SNAI1 expression through phosphorylating CHD1L. In conclusion, these findings suggested that VRK1/CHD1L/SNAI1 axis acts as a cancer-driving pathway to promote the proliferation and EMT of HCC, indicating that targeting VRK1 may be an attractive therapeutic strategy of HCC. Show less
Repetition of physical activity (PA) contributes to the formation of PA habit. However, daily repetitions of PA of varied intensities might differ in their impact on PA habits. This study investigated Show more
Repetition of physical activity (PA) contributes to the formation of PA habit. However, daily repetitions of PA of varied intensities might differ in their impact on PA habits. This study investigated the effect of daily variability in PA on various facets of PA habits: lack of intention (LOI), lack of control (LOC) and efficiency of PA. Daily time spent on light-, moderate- and vigorous-intensity of PA (LPA, MPA and VPA) were assessed for 14 consecutive days among 182 college students. PA habits were measured afterwards. The results of mixed-effects random location-scale model showed that LOI was negatively predicted by variability in daily LPA; and that LOC was negatively predicted by daily variability in LPA and MPA. These findings suggest interventions of PA habit formation should focus on different facets of PA habits and consider the impact of daily repetition of PA of varied intensities. Show less
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most serious cardiovascular diseases in the world. Nevertheless, the majority of diagnostic procedures conducted subsequent to the illness do not provide any m Show more
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most serious cardiovascular diseases in the world. Nevertheless, the majority of diagnostic procedures conducted subsequent to the illness do not provide any means to prevent several risks associated with MI. Blood and urine tests are frequently employed in clinical examinations to detect cardiovascular diseases at an early stage. Mendelian randomization (MR) is commonly employed to explore disease-trait relationships and uncover therapeutic targets. Our goal was to explore the genetic links between 35 blood and urine biomarkers and MI. Blood and urine biomarker MR correlations with MI risk were studied. In version R10, the UK Biobank and Finnish databases included blood and urine marker data and MI data (26,060 cases and 343,079 controls). We performed bidirectional 2-sample MR with 4 methods: inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode. Final causal associations were determined by inverse variance weighted. Sensitivity analyses (heterogeneity, pleiotropy) were conducted. MR-PRESSO and PhenoScanner were used to exclude invalid instruments. We used multivariate MR to filter the most important genes without including other positive genes. To identify positive gene pathways and gene networks that cause MI, we employed GeneMANIA for gene prediction. The findings revealed a positive genetic association between the 8 blood and urine biomarker levels and an elevated risk of MI. There are apolipoprotein B (APOB), glycated hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, sex hormone-binding globulin, triglycerides, and urate. Moreover, APOB, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol selectively affect MI through the rejection of other positive gene stems. Finally, APOB and numerous genes strongly impact MI development. APOB collaborates with related genes to regulate plasma lipoprotein particle levels, sterol homeostasis, organization, lipid homeostasis, and remodeling in MI. Our research further reveals the causal relationship between MI and blood/urine biomarkers, providing a new perspective for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of MI. Blood and urine marker tests can subsequently be conducted based on these results to detect MI and study the underlying mechanisms linking these metabolites to MI. Show less
The deposition of toxic aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ), resulting from continuous cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and γ-secretase, is a key pathogenic ev Show more
The deposition of toxic aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ), resulting from continuous cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and γ-secretase, is a key pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) have shown great potential for disease treatment by specifically silencing target genes. However, the poor brain delivery efficiency of siRNAs limits their therapeutic efficacy against AD. We designed a simplified and effective BACE1 siRNA (siBACE1) delivery system, namely, dendritic polyamidoamine modified with the neurotropic virus-derived peptide RVG29 and polyethylene glycol (PPR@siBACE1). PPR@siBACE1 crossed the blood-brain barrier efficiently and entered brain parenchyma in large amount, with subsequent neurotropism and potential microglia-targeting ability. Both in vitro and in vivo studies validated the effective brain delivery of siBACE1 and strong BACE1 silencing efficiency. Treatment of AD mice with PPR@siBACE1 inhibited the production of Aβ, potentiated Aβ phagocytosis by microglia, improved the memory deficits and reduced neuroinflammatory response in AD mice. This study provides a reliable delivery platform for gene therapies for AD. Show less
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) ameliorate motor deficits in cerebral palsy (CP), but the effect of injection frequency remains unclear. Moreover, most studies have focu Show more
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) ameliorate motor deficits in cerebral palsy (CP), but the effect of injection frequency remains unclear. Moreover, most studies have focused on mild CP models (unilateral carotid artery occlusion [UCAO] model). This study explored the effect and mechanism of hUC-MSCs in a rat model of moderate-to-severe CP (bilateral carotid artery occlusion [BCAO] model). On postnatal Day 4 (P4), Wistar rat pups underwent BCAO induction. Subsequently, they received either a single intrathecal injection of hUC-MSCs on P21 or repeated injections on P21, P28, P35, and P42. Motor performance was assessed using the rotarod and front-limb suspension tests, while neuronal regeneration and inflammation were evaluated via biomarkers including neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myelin basic protein (MBP), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). P18 model screening confirmed that the BCAO model resulted in more severe brain damage and motor impairment than the UCAO model. After injection of lentivirally transfected hUC-MSCs, it was found that hUC-MSCs could nest in the damaged area and survive for at least 3 days. Administration of hUC-MSCs following BCAO modeling led to notable improvements in both behavioral performance and histological outcomes. Furthermore, repeated injections offered greater therapeutic benefits compared to single injection. It indicated that the efficacy of repeated injections of hUC-MSCs in the treatment of moderate-to-severe CP was superior to that of single injection. Its mechanism was related to the improvement of damaged myelin structure, reduced immunoinflammatory responses, and increased neurotrophic support. Show less
Excessive adipose tissue accumulation adversely impacts the health of both humans and livestock. Adenylyl cyclase 3 (ADCY3) is a promising anti-obesity target, yet its regulatory role in adipogenesis Show more
Excessive adipose tissue accumulation adversely impacts the health of both humans and livestock. Adenylyl cyclase 3 (ADCY3) is a promising anti-obesity target, yet its regulatory role in adipogenesis remains incompletely understood. Our findings revealed a dynamic pattern of ADCY3 expression during adipogenesis and lipid droplet (LDs) accumulation. Functional analyses demonstrated that ADCY3 overexpression impaired adipogenesis by downregulating adipogenic transcription factors CEBPα and PPARγ. Furthermore, it reduced both the number and size of LDs through suppressing triglyceride synthesis and fatty acid metabolism, concomitantly downregulating key genes involved in LDs formation (PLIN1, CIDEC, FIT2, and Seipin), as well as factors mediating glycerol ester synthesis and fatty acid metabolism (DGAT1, DGAT2, ACC, SCD, FASN, and ACSL1). Transcriptomic profiling revealed that ADCY3 overexpression suppressed PPARγ signaling, leading to the downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation genes encoded by both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Our results implicate ADCY3 in the regulation of lipid metabolism, with the speculative involvement of mitochondrial metabolic remodeling. This perspective offers a framework for developing future interventions against excessive lipid deposition. Show less
Alzheimer's disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder, and the Beta-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a key therapeutic target in its treatment. This study employs Show more
Alzheimer's disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder, and the Beta-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a key therapeutic target in its treatment. This study employs molecular dynamics simulations and binding energy analysis to investigate the binding interactions between BACE1 and four selected small molecules: CNP520, D9W, NB641, and NB360. The binding model analysis indicates that the binding of BACE1 with four molecules are stable, except the loop regions show significant fluctuation. The binding free energy analyses reveal that NB360 exhibits the highest binding affinity with BACE1, surpassing other molecules (CNP520, D9W, and NB641). Detailed energy component assessments highlight the critical roles of electrostatic interactions and van der Waals forces in the binding process. Furthermore, residue contribution analysis identifies key amino acids influencing the binding process across all systems. Hydrogen bond analysis reveals a limited number of bonds between BACE1 and each small molecule, highlighting the importance of structural modifications to enable more stable hydrogen bonds. This research provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of potential Alzheimer's disease therapeutics, guiding the way for improved drug design and the development of effective treatments targeting BACE1. Show less
High-intensity exercise promotes visceral adipose tissue (VAT) breakdown in females via the hypothalamic ERα pathway, and exogenous lactate infusion combined with aerobic training (AT) mimics this eff Show more
High-intensity exercise promotes visceral adipose tissue (VAT) breakdown in females via the hypothalamic ERα pathway, and exogenous lactate infusion combined with aerobic training (AT) mimics this effect. However, whether lactate administration can independently mediate hypothalamic plasticity and VAT catabolism as a standalone nutritional strategy remains unexplored. Firstly, using a two-factor design (Lactate × AT) in female SD rats, we showed that long-term exogenous lactate infusion independently induced co-expression of Estrogen receptor α (ERα) and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and elevated local field potential spectral power in specific bands. These neural adaptations were accompanied by increased resting metabolic rate, enhanced fat oxidation, and enhanced lipolysis, thereby preventing excessive VAT accumulation induced by a high-fat diet. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition confirmed that Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) acts as a co-upstream signal of ERα and BDNF mediating this process. Our findings reveal that standalone lactate administration induces functional plasticity and metabolic reprogramming through the VMH PGC-1α-ERα pathway, independent of exercise, and effectively suppresses pathological VAT accumulation in female rats. This study identifies potential nutritional interventions and mechanistic targets for preventing female-centered obesity. Show less
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH), a pathological response to stress, is intricately regulated by the dynamic control of gene expression. This study explored the role of super-enhancers (SEs) and the transcrip Show more
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH), a pathological response to stress, is intricately regulated by the dynamic control of gene expression. This study explored the role of super-enhancers (SEs) and the transcription factor Mef2c in CH regulation. Using a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse model, we demonstrated that inhibition of SEs with JQ-1, a BET inhibitor, significantly attenuated hypertrophic responses, as evidenced by reduced heart weight indices, enhanced cardiac function, and decreased expression of hypertrophic marker proteins BNP and β-MHC. Further analysis revealed that Mef2c, a key transcription factor, is driven by SEs in CH. In vivo and in vitro overexpression of Mef2c promotes CH, while deletion of the Mef2c SE region alleviates this condition. Mechanistically, we identified Hey2 as a downstream target of Mef2c and demonstrated that Mef2c regulates CH through the Hey2/Notch/p38 signaling pathway. Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CH and suggest potential therapeutic targets for its treatment. Show less
Evidence of the benefits of cordycepin (Cpn) for treating obesity is accumulating, but detailed knowledge of its therapeutic targets and mechanisms remains limited. This study aimed to systematically Show more
Evidence of the benefits of cordycepin (Cpn) for treating obesity is accumulating, but detailed knowledge of its therapeutic targets and mechanisms remains limited. This study aimed to systematically identify Cpn's therapeutic targets and pathways in Western diet (WD)-induced obesity using integrated network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and experimental validation. A Western diet (WD)-induced mice model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of Cpn in ameliorating obesity. A network pharmacology analysis was then employed to identify the potential anti-obesity targets of Cpn. GO functional enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to elucidate the potential functions of the identified targets, followed by constructing a protein-protein interaction network to screen the core targets. Meanwhile, quantitative transcriptomics was conducted to validate and broaden the network pharmacology findings. Finally, molecular docking and quantitative real-time PCR assay were used for the core target validation. Cpn treatment effectively alleviated obesity-related symptoms in WD-induced mice. The metabolic pathway, insulin signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis pathway, and core targets including CPS1, HRAS, MAPK14, PAH, ALDOB, AKT1, GSK3B, HSP90AA1, BHMT2, EGFR, CASP3, MAT1A, APOM, APOA2, APOC3, and APOA1 are involved in regulating the therapeutic effect of Cpn. This study comprehensively uncovers the potential mechanism of Cpn against obesity based on network pharmacology and quantitative transcriptomics, which provides evidence for revealing the pathogenesis of obesity, suggesting that Cpn is a possible lead compound for anti-obesity treatment. Show less
Limited identification of insulin resistance-associated loci hinders understanding of its role in cardiometabolic health, impeding therapeutic strategies. We apply three multivariate genome-wide assoc Show more
Limited identification of insulin resistance-associated loci hinders understanding of its role in cardiometabolic health, impeding therapeutic strategies. We apply three multivariate genome-wide association study approaches on homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, insulin resistance index, fasting insulin, and ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol from MAGIC and UK Biobank to develop a comprehensive phenotype ('mvIR'), and identify 217 independent loci, including 24 novel loci. The mvIR is causally associated with higher risks of 17 cardiometabolic diseases and five aging phenotypes, independent of adiposity and sarcopenia. We outline 21 of 2644 druggable genes for insulin resistance by Mendelian randomization and colocalization, where six genes (AKT1, ERBB3, FCGR1A, FGFR1, LPL, NR1H3) encode targets for approved drugs with consistent directions in alleviating insulin resistance, with no significant side effects revealed by phenome-wide association study. This study uncovers novel loci and therapeutic targets to inform strategies promoting insulin resistance-centered cardiometabolic health and longevity. Show less
Zhige Yan, Xiajun Guo, Ying Hu+2 more · 2025 · Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · Springer · added 2026-04-24
To elucidate the accurate roles of dysfunctional sleep beliefs in modulating cancer-related fatigue (CRF), identify distinct sleep hygiene profiles, and assess whether and how these profiles serve as Show more
To elucidate the accurate roles of dysfunctional sleep beliefs in modulating cancer-related fatigue (CRF), identify distinct sleep hygiene profiles, and assess whether and how these profiles serve as mediators in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This study recruited 396 lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy between May and December 2023. Participants completed the Sleep Hygiene Index, Brief Fatigue Inventory, and Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify profiles of sleep hygiene, and mediation analysis was performed to explore the impacts of sleep hygiene profiles and dysfunctional sleep beliefs on CRF. LPA revealed three distinct sleep hygiene profiles: normal (33.3%), excellent (50.3%), and poor (16.4%). Family monthly disposable income, radiotherapy, and performance status were identified as influential factors distinguishing these profiles. Additionally, the dimensions of dysfunctional sleep beliefs and sleep hygiene profiles showed different correlations with CRF. With the normal sleep hygiene group as reference, mediation analysis revealed that poor sleep hygiene serves as a mediator between sleep worry of dysfunctional sleep beliefs and CRF (SE = 0.010, 95% CI [0.006, 0.047]). This study contributes to understanding the heterogeneity in sleep hygiene in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and elucidates the underlying mechanisms of the relationship between sleep worry of dysfunctional cognitions and CRF. Clinical healthcare providers developing targeted interventions in terms of sleep beliefs and sleep hygiene might be helpful to alleviate CRF in this population. Show less
Phenotypic switching is an emerging driver of cancer treatment resistance, yet early signals regulating this process remain unclear. Here, using longitudinal single-cell RNA sequencing, we mapped diff Show more
Phenotypic switching is an emerging driver of cancer treatment resistance, yet early signals regulating this process remain unclear. Here, using longitudinal single-cell RNA sequencing, we mapped differentiation trajectories in the LTL331 prostate adenocarcinoma patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model undergoing neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) transformation post castration. Our analyses identified a key differentiation node marked by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) downregulation driven by the CXCR4-LASP1-G9a-SNAIL axis. Mechanistically, CXCR4 activation promotes nuclear translocation of LASP1 that links G9a and SNAIL via SH3/proline-rich motif and LIM/SNAG domain interactions, enabling SNAIL-mediated REST repression via promoter E-box motifs. Inhibition of CXCR4 or G9a reversed LTL331R NEPC cells toward a luminal androgen receptor-active phenotype. CXCR4-targeted radioligands enabled both imaging and inhibition of NEPC tumors in vivo. These findings highlight the CXCR4-LASP1-G9a-SNAIL axis as a key regulator of epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming in NEPC transdifferentiation and support its therapeutic targeting in aggressive NEPC. Show less
2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a common environmental contaminant and widely detected in aquatic surroundings, while only a few reports exist on the hazard mechanism in economic aquati Show more
2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a common environmental contaminant and widely detected in aquatic surroundings, while only a few reports exist on the hazard mechanism in economic aquatic animals. It has been shown that 40 and 4000 ng/g of BDE-47 dietary exposure over 42 days significantly increased the levels of blood triglycerides, glucose, and liver glycogen in carp ( Show less
The natural compound pterostilbene (PTE) has multiple cardiovascular protective effects. However, its effects on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-associated vascular remodeling remain to be eluci Show more
The natural compound pterostilbene (PTE) has multiple cardiovascular protective effects. However, its effects on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-associated vascular remodeling remain to be elucidated. This study investigated the effects of PTE on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH in rats Experimental PAH was established by subcutaneous injection of MCT (50 mg/kg) in Sprague-Dawley rats, which were then randomly divided into vehicle or PTE (15 mg/kg via gavage) treatment groups. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) was modeled in hPAECs by treating with transforming growth factor-β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β in combination. In rats with MCT-induced PAH, administration of PTE resulted in a reduction in right ventricular systolic pressure, thereby alleviating right ventricular hypertrophy. This was accompanied by mitigation of the remodeling of pulmonary arteries. PTE mitigates MCT-induced PAH and vascular remodeling in rats, at least in part, by inhibiting HMGA-mediated EndMT, suggesting that PTE may be a useful complementary medicine in the treatment of PAH. Show less
Liver X receptor α (LXRα) plays an important role in inflammatory immune response induced by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and acute rejection (AR). Macrophage M1-polarization play an impo Show more
Liver X receptor α (LXRα) plays an important role in inflammatory immune response induced by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and acute rejection (AR). Macrophage M1-polarization play an important role in the occurrence and development of AR. Although the activation of LXR has anti-inflammatory effects, the role of LXRα in AR after liver transplantation (LT) has not been elucidated. We aimed to investigate LXRα anti-inflammatory and macrophage polarization regulation effects and mechanisms in acute rejection rat models. LXRα anti-inflammatory and liver function protective effects was initially measured in primary Kupffer cells and LT rat models. Subsequently, a flow cytometry assay was used to detect the regulation effect of LXRα in macrophage polarization. HE staining, TUNEL and ELISA were used to evaluate the co-treatment effects of TO901317 and tacrolimus on hepatic apoptosis and liver acute rejection after LT. In this study, we found that LPS can inhibit the expression of LXRα and activate MAPK pathway and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. We also found that LXRα agonist (TO901317) could improve liver function and rat survival after LT by activating the level of ABCA1 and inhibiting MAPK. TO901317 could inhibit macrophage M1-polarization by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway to improve the liver lesion of AR rats after liver transplantation. Additionally, co-treatment with TO901317 and tacrolimus more effectively alleviated the damaging effects of AR following LT than either drug alone. Our results suggest that the activation of LXRα can improve liver function and rat survival after LT by regulate ABCA1/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling axis in macrophages. Show less
The heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and therapeutic resistance in Colorectal cancer (CRC) present substantial clinical challenges. In this study, 1136 CRC samples from TCGA a Show more
The heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and therapeutic resistance in Colorectal cancer (CRC) present substantial clinical challenges. In this study, 1136 CRC samples from TCGA and GEO were utilized for the overall research design, and tumor subtype classification (Immunity_High and Immunity_Low) was specifically performed on the TCGA cohort (n = 568) using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and t-SNE dimensionality reduction; t-SNE was selected because the study focused on distinguishing local clustering features of immune subtypes-it excels in enhancing sample aggregation within subtypes and highlighting local differences, which aligns with classification needs, so UMAP (prioritizing global structure preservation) was not used. The GEO cohort (n = 568) was used for subsequent validation of the prognostic model and results. A 12-gene prognostic model, comprising ANGPTL4, FABP4, RBP7, and 9 additional non-core genes (CCL22, NOS2, TGFB3, APOD, CHGB, CX3CL1, APOBEC3F, LCN12, BST2), was developed using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator-Cox regression (LASSO-Cox regression) regression.The functions of the core genes and potential therapeutic candidates were investigated via single-cell sequencing, molecular docking, dynamics simulations, drug sensitivity analysis, Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and quantitative Real - time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). The Immunity_High subtype, characterized by the presence of CD8 This multi-omics study integrates multi-omics data to elucidate the immune-metabolic heterogeneity in CRC, establishing a precise prognostic model and providing bioinformatic evidence for key roles of ANGPTL4, FABP4, and RBP7 in the tumor microenvironment, thereby suggesting novel strategies to overcome immunotherapy resistance. Show less
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alterations are established therapeutic targets in cholangiocarcinoma and urothelial carcinoma but remain understudied in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study i Show more
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alterations are established therapeutic targets in cholangiocarcinoma and urothelial carcinoma but remain understudied in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study investigates the prevalence, clinicopathological correlates, and prognostic impact of FGFR alterations in CRC. We analyzed 608 stage I-IV CRC samples (2014-2024) through next-generation sequencing (NGS) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). FGFR genomic status was correlated with survival outcomes using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. External validation of FGFR genomic alterations was carried out using the 19 datasets (n = 6998) with prognostic impact validated through The Cancer Genome Atlas Colon and Rectum Adenocarcinoma (COREAD) dataset (Firehose Legacy, n = 640), both accessed via cBioPortal database. Large-scale genomic profiling of CRC [n = 7606 (608 in-house + 6998 public cohorts)] identified FGFR1 amplification (3.8% prevalence) as the predominant FGFR alteration subtype. Multivariable analysis confirmed FGFR alterations as independent predictors of poor disease-free survival [DFS; hazard ratio (HR) 2.58, P = 0.0002] and progression-free survival (PFS; HR 2.17, P = 0.0011), with FGFR1 amplification showing strongest prognostic impact (DFS HR 2.91, PFS HR 2.52, P < 0.01). Notably, the prognostic magnitude of FGFR alterations was comparable to KRAS/BRAF mutations in both localized and metastatic CRC. In addition, we established a semiquantitative immunoreactive score (IRS) system achieving 95.2% concordance with NGS (κ = 0.901), enabling reliable FGFR1 screening in routine pathology workflows. This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of FGFR genomic alterations in CRC through large-scale profiling (n = 7606), establishing FGFR1 amplification as the predominant alteration. Unlike FGFR2/3-driven malignancies, FGFR1-amplified CRC exhibited aggressive clinical behavior and inferior survival outcomes across disease stages. To address the diagnostic challenges in routine practice, we further developed a validated immunohistochemical scoring system (IRS), establishing a cost-effective and clinically feasible alternative to molecular assays for identifying FGFR1-driven CRC subsets. Show less
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content in beef cattle is a critical determinant of beef meat quality, as it positively influences juiciness, tenderness, and palatability. In China, the crossbreeding of Wagyu Show more
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content in beef cattle is a critical determinant of beef meat quality, as it positively influences juiciness, tenderness, and palatability. In China, the crossbreeding of Wagyu and Angus is a prevalent method for achieving a better marbling level. However, the molecular mechanisms governing IMF regulation in these crossbreeds remain poorly understood. To elucidate the mechanism of IMF deposition in these crossbred cattle, we conducted a comparative transcriptomic analysis of Show less
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a malignant tumor arising from the endometrial epithelium and is among the most prevalent gynecological malignancies worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that lipid profi Show more
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a malignant tumor arising from the endometrial epithelium and is among the most prevalent gynecological malignancies worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that lipid profiles, hyperglycemia, and other metabolic factors play a role in EC pathogenesis. However, research on the association between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels and EC prognosis remains limited. This retrospective cohort study analyzed Lp(a) levels in patients diagnosed with EC at Ganzhou Hospital, affiliated with Nanchang University, between January 2017 and January 2022. Lp(a) concentrations were measured post-admission, and patient prognosis was categorized as favorable or poor. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The study included 296 EC patients, out of whom 72.3% (214/296) had a favorable prognosis, defined as no recurrence within five years post-surgery. The overall healing rate was 72.3% (214/296). When stratified by Lp(a) levels, patients in the first quantile (Q1 ≤ 122.2 g/L) had a favorable prognosis rate of 77.7% (115/148), whereas those in the second quantile (Q2 > 122.2 g/L) had a rate of 66.9% (99/148), with a statistically significant difference between groups (p < 0.05). In the multivariate regression model, the log2-transformed Lp(a) values and their corresponding ORs (95% CIs) for prognosis at two upper normal limits (ULN) were 1.7248 (1.0288 - 2.8918) and 2.0365 (1.1843 - 3.5018), respectively. Interaction analysis indicated that Lp(a) levels significantly influenced EC prognosis. Lp(a) is strongly associated with EC prognosis and holds potential clinical significance. Further studies are required to validate these findings. Show less
Acquired renal cysts (ARC) are associated with kidney function decline, necessitating novel dietary pattern (DP) analyses in large cohorts. This UK Biobank prospective cohort study (2006-2010) include Show more
Acquired renal cysts (ARC) are associated with kidney function decline, necessitating novel dietary pattern (DP) analyses in large cohorts. This UK Biobank prospective cohort study (2006-2010) included participants with ≥2 dietary records, excluding those with severe kidney damage. The constructed comprehensive dietary pattern integration (CDPI) utilized reduced rank regression (RRR) and latent profile analysis (LPA). ARC cases (ICD-10: N28.1) were assessed via Cox regression for risk and dose-response, with NMR metabolites examined as mediators. Among 119,709 participants (median follow-up: 10.57 years), 850 ARC cases were identified. Lipid-rich and hyperglycemic diets increased ARC risk [e.g., HRs for G1.DP1: 1.080 (1.024, 1.139); G1.DP2: 1.144 (1.048, 1.249)], while micronutrient-rich diets showed weak protective effects [G4.DP1: 0.943 (0.892, 0.998)]. LPA confirmed RRR findings, and 7/251 NMR metabolites had significant mediating effects. Diets high in fat (cheese, butter, pizza) and sugar (chocolate, sugary drinks) elevated ARC risk, whereas micronutrient- and fiber-rich diets (vegetables, fruit, lean poultry, nuts, eggs) were protective. Key mediators included branched-chain amino acids, IGF-1, and RBC distribution width. Show less
The interplay between intracellular and intravascular lipolysis is crucial for maintaining circulating lipid levels and systemic energy homeostasis. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and lipoprotein Show more
The interplay between intracellular and intravascular lipolysis is crucial for maintaining circulating lipid levels and systemic energy homeostasis. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL), the primary triglyceride (TG) lipases responsible for these two spatially separate processes, are highly expressed in adipose tissue. Yet the mechanisms underlying their coordinated regulation remain undetermined. Here, we demonstrate that genetic ablation of G0S2, a specific inhibitory protein of ATGL, completely abolished diet-induced hypertriglyceridemia and significantly attenuated atherogenesis in mice. These effects were attributable to enhanced whole-body TG clearance, not altered hepatic TG secretion. Specifically, G0S2 deletion increased circulating LPL concentration and activity, predominantly through LPL production from white adipose tissue (WAT). Strikingly, transplantation of G0S2-deficient WAT normalized plasma TG levels in mice with hypertriglyceridemia. In conjunction with improved insulin sensitivity and decreased ANGPTL4 expression, the absence of G0S2 enhanced the stability of LPL protein in adipocytes, a phenomenon that could be reversed upon ATGL inhibition. Collectively, these findings highlight the pivotal role of adipocyte G0S2 in regulating both intracellular and intravascular lipolysis, and the possibility of targeting G0S2 as a viable pharmacological approach to reducing levels of circulating TGs. Show less