Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) exhibit the highest degree of heritability among all human tumors, yet the genetics of urinary bladder paragangliomas (UBPGLs) remains poorly understood. T Show more
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) exhibit the highest degree of heritability among all human tumors, yet the genetics of urinary bladder paragangliomas (UBPGLs) remains poorly understood. The present study aims to examine the characteristics of a cohort of Chinese patients with UBPGLs, focusing particularly on genetics. The study included 70 Chinese patients with UBPGLs from 15 centers in China, 240 patients with non-head and neck PGLs (non-HNPGLs) outside the urine bladder, and 16 Caucasian patients with UBPGLs. Tumor DNA samples were sequenced by next generation sequencing. All identified pathogenic variants (PVs) were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Among the 70 Chinese patients, PVs were identified in 38 cases: 23 in cluster 1 A (13 SDHB, 1 SDHD, 1 SDHA, 4 IDH1, 2 SLC25A11, and 2 FH), 4 in cluster 1B (3 EPAS1 and 1 EGLN1), and 11 in cluster 2 genes (7 HRAS, 1 FGFR1, 2 NF1, and 1 H3F3A). Compared with other non-HNPGLs, UBPGLs had more PVs in cluster 1 A genes (32.9% vs. 14.2%, p < 0.001), but fewer in cluster 1B (5.7% vs. 19.2%, p = 0.002) and cluster 2 genes (15.7% vs. 42.5%, p < 0.001). PVs in SDHB (18.6%) was the most common in Chinese patients with UBPGLs, followed by HRAS (10.0%). No PVs was found in 45.7% of all UBPGLs. PVs in HRAS, SLC25A11, EPAS1, and FH were also identified in Caucasians with UBPGLs. Chinese patients with UBPGLs have a diverse genetic profile. PVs in cluster 1 A genes underlie nearly 1/3 of patients, highlighting the importance of genetic testing. Diverse germline and somatic PVs are also present in Caucasian patients with UBPGLs. Show less
Cold stress poses a significant challenge to pig farming in northern China, leading to reduced productivity and, in severe cases, even mortality. However, the mechanisms underlying cold resistance in Show more
Cold stress poses a significant challenge to pig farming in northern China, leading to reduced productivity and, in severe cases, even mortality. However, the mechanisms underlying cold resistance in pigs are not well understood. To explore the genetic mechanism of cold resistance in pigs under low-temperature conditions, the cold-tolerant Hezuo pig was selected as a model. DIA proteomics analysis was performed on liver tissues from Hezuo pigs after 24 h of exposure to low-temperature treatments. The results showed that approximately 149 differential abundance proteins (DAPs) were detected (95 up-regulated and 54 down-regulated). GO analysis showed that these DAPs were mainly associated with lipid metabolism, vesicle fusion, and membrane function. KEGG analysis showed that these DAPs were primarily enriched in lipid metabolism-related pathways such as cholesterol metabolism and vitamin digestion and absorption. Comprehensive analysis identified APOA4, APOA2, SREBF2, ATP23, STX2, USO1, ETFA, RAB11FIP1, ETNPPL, and SGMS1 as potential key proteins involved in cold resistance mechanisms. The mRNA expression of the genes for two key candidate proteins (APOA4 and SREBF2), which are involved in lipid metabolism, was analyzed using qRT-PCR, revealing a significant up-regulation after low-temperature treatment. These findings provide significant insights into the mechanisms of cold resistance in animals and may serve as candidate markers for further studies on cold tolerance. SIGNIFICANCE: Cold resistance is one of the key traits in pigs and involves multiple complex coordinated regulatory mechanisms. However, its genetic mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, a DIA proteomics approach was used to identify proteins and pathways associated with cold resistance in the liver of low-temperature-treated Hezuo pigs. These findings offer novel candidate proteins and key pathways for investigating the molecular mechanisms of cold resistance in Hezuo pigs, providing a base for further elucidating the mechanisms of cold tolerance in pigs. Show less
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major health threats to humans. Researchers have proposed numerous deep learning-based methods for the automatic analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG), achieving e Show more
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major health threats to humans. Researchers have proposed numerous deep learning-based methods for the automatic analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG), achieving encouraging results. However, many existing methods are limited to task-specific model training and require retraining or full fine-tuning when confronted with a new ECG classification task, thus lacking flexibility in clinical applications. In this study, we propose a Task-Adaptive Classification method for ECG (TAC-ECG) based on cross-modal contrastive learning and low-rank convolutional adapters. TAC-ECG comprises two main phases. In the first phase, inspired by the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training, we design the Contrastive ECG-Text Pre-training (CETP) to pre-train a robust ECG encoder. In the second phase, the pre-trained ECG encoder is frozen and integrated with a lightweight plug-in, the Low-Rank Convolutional Adapter (LRC-Adapter), forming an extensible ECG classification model. The frozen encoder extracts more discriminative features from the ECG signal, while the LRC-Adapter enables task-specific adaptation. For diverse ECG classification tasks, TAC-ECG only requires training the LRC-Adapter. This mechanism enables TAC-ECG to efficiently perform different ECG classification tasks, significantly reducing resource consumption and deployment costs in multi-tasking scenarios compared to traditional fully fine-tuned methods. We conducted extensive experiments using six different network architectures as ECG encoders. Specifically, we performed ECG classification experiments on four datasets: CPSC2018, Cinc2017, PTB-XL, and Chapman, targeting 9-category, 3-category, 5-category, and 4-category classifications respectively. The TAC-ECG achieved highly competitive results using only approximately 3% of the trainable parameters and approximately 25% of the total parameters compared to the fully fine-tuned method. These results demonstrates the effectiveness and practicality of the TAC-ECG method. The TAC-ECG offers a flexible and efficient method for ECG classification, enabling rapid adaptation to diverse tasks and enhancing clinical diagnostic practicality. Show less
Neurotrophin signaling through NGF/TrkA and BDNF/TrkB is increasingly recognized as a driver of osteosarcoma (OS) progression and an organizer of its immune milieu, yet clinical translation has lagged Show more
Neurotrophin signaling through NGF/TrkA and BDNF/TrkB is increasingly recognized as a driver of osteosarcoma (OS) progression and an organizer of its immune milieu, yet clinical translation has lagged amid intratumoral heterogeneity and a myeloid-skewed, vasculature-aberrant tumor microenvironment (TME). Features that blunt immune competence include dominant tumor-associated macrophage programs, sparse and dysfunctional effector T cells, endothelial remodeling that restricts lymphocyte entry, and neuron-immune circuits that reinforce suppression. Within this context, NGF/TrkA promotes matrix remodeling, monocyte ingress, and macrophage polarization, while BDNF/TrkB modulates dendritic-cell maturation, supports survival and angiogenesis, and may condition T-cell priming-together positioning neurotrophins as coordinators of tumor persistence and immune exclusion. This review surveys these mechanisms and maps them to therapeutic strategies: kinase-level blockade with approved TRK inhibitors in NTRK fusion-positive disease; exploratory pathway inhibition in fusion-negative OS; ligand-directed approaches; and rational combinations with immunotherapy and vascular/stromal modulators. We highlight biomarker frameworks (receptor-ligand activity scores, phospho-Trk immunohistochemistry, NGF-MMP-2 readouts) and safety considerations that should structure early-phase trials. Clinical and preclinical signals collectively support testing neurotrophin-targeted strategies to recalibrate myeloid composition, enhance antigen presentation, and restore T-cell access to tumor beds. The purpose of this review is to synthesize current evidence and propose a translational roadmap for targeting NGF/TrkA and BDNF/TrkB to remodel antitumor immunity in osteosarcoma. Show less
Abnormal lipid accumulation is an important cause of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) progression and can induce several stress responses within cells. This study is the fi Show more
Abnormal lipid accumulation is an important cause of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) progression and can induce several stress responses within cells. This study is the first to explore the role and molecular mechanism of stress granules (SGs) in MAFLD. A gene knock-down model of G3BP1, a core SG molecule in mice and HepG2 cells, was constructed to explore the role of SGs in MAFLD induced in vivo by a high-fat diet or in vitro by palmitic acid (PA). Methods included metabolic phenotyping; western blotting; qPCR; and immunofluorescence, haematoxylin/eosin and masson staining. The downstream molecules of G3BP1 and its specific molecular mechanism were screened using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). G3BP1 and TIA1 expression were upregulated in high-fat diet-fed mouse liver tissues and PA-induced HepG2 cells, and the two molecules showed significantly increased colocalisation. G3BP1 knock-down slightly increased TIA1 expression in the livers of obese mice but not in lean mice. G3BP1 deficiency aggravated liver lipid deposition and insulin resistance in obese mice, and this phenotype was confirmed in vitro in PA-induced hepatocytes. RNA-seq demonstrated that G3BP1 slowed down MAFLD progression by inhibiting APOC3, possibly through a mechanistic suppression of APOC3 entry into the nucleus. This study reveals for the first time a protective role for SGs in MAFLD. Specifically, knocking down the core G3BP1 molecule in SGs aggravated the progression of fatty acid-induced MAFLD through a mechanism that may involve the nuclear entry of APOC3. These findings provide a new therapeutic direction for MAFLD. Show less
Quality of life (QoL) subtypes were identified via latent profile analysis (LPA), and their correlations with social support and self-efficacy were assessed in 284 patients with hematologic malignanci Show more
Quality of life (QoL) subtypes were identified via latent profile analysis (LPA), and their correlations with social support and self-efficacy were assessed in 284 patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs). The results were as follows: (1) LPA revealed three QoL subtypes of patients with HMs, namely, the high-QoL group, the medium-QoL group, and the low-QoL group. (2) The high-QoL group had higher levels of social support than the medium-QoL group did, and they also had higher levels of self-efficacy than both the medium- and low-QoL groups did. These results contribute to the identification of heterogeneous QoL features among patients with HMs and their correlations with social support and self-efficacy. Moreover, this study has clinical implications for improving the QoL of patients with HMs and promoting their physical and mental health. Show less
Twenty types of GABAergic interneurons form intricate networks to fine-tune neural circuits in the brain. Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) and somatostatin-positive (SST+) interneurons, which are the two la Show more
Twenty types of GABAergic interneurons form intricate networks to fine-tune neural circuits in the brain. Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) and somatostatin-positive (SST+) interneurons, which are the two largest populations of neocortical interneurons, innervate the soma and/or proximal dendrites, and distal dendrites of pyramidal neurons, respectively. Using PV- and SST-specific knockout mouse models, we show that PV+ interneurons require FGFR2, which responds to FGF7, to drive PV+ inhibitory presynaptic maturation on perisomatic regions of Layer V pyramidal neurons. In contrast, SST+ interneurons rely on both FGFR1 and FGFR2, which respond to FGF10 or FGF22, to promote SST+ inhibitory presynaptic maturation on distal dendrites of pyramidal neurons in cortical Layer I. Mechanistically, FGF-FGFR signaling sustains VGAT protein levels in interneurons through PP2A and Akt pathways. Together, these findings demonstrate that distinct FGF ligand-receptor combinations regulate inhibitory presynaptic differentiation by PV+ and SST+ interneurons, contributing to the formation of compartment-specific synaptic patterns. Show less
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neuropathology characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and cholinergic system dysfunction. At presen Show more
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neuropathology characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and cholinergic system dysfunction. At present, there is no effective treatment strategy for AD. Our previous research showed that ZJQ-3F acts as an inhibitor of AChE/BACE1/GSK3β, and showed good blood-brain barrier permeability, appropriate bioavailability and oral safety. In order to further study, the protective effect of ZJQ-3F on APP/PS1/Tau transgenic mice was determined. APP/PS1/Tau transgenic mice model of AD was treated with ZJQ-3F from the age of 8 to 12 months, and then behavioral tests was conducted. Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the level of tau protein, Aβ plaques and synaptic function. Our results revealed that administration of ZJQ-3F could improve the cognitive function of APP/PS1/Tau transgenic mice. In addition, compared with APP/PS1/Tau mice, the protein expression levels of tau protein phosphorylation site at Ser396, Thr212 and Thr181 in the cortex and hippocampus of ZJQ-3F treated mice was significantly decreased. Moreover, the results showed that ZJQ-3F significantly reduced the deposition of Aβ in the cortex and hippocampus. Furthermore, the results indicated that the protein expression levels of PSD95, SYP and SYT in the cortex and hippocampus were increased markedly after ZJQ-3F was given. Our studies suggest that the chronic administration of ZJQ-3F can improve learning and memory ability, reduce tau protein phosphorylation, reduce Aβ deposition and improve synaptic dysfunction in APP/PS1/Tau transgenic model of AD, indicating that ZJQ-3F can be used as a multi-target inhibitor to slow down the progress of AD. Show less
Phenotypic switching is an emerging driver of cancer treatment resistance, yet early signals regulating this process remain unclear. Here, using longitudinal single-cell RNA sequencing, we mapped diff Show more
Phenotypic switching is an emerging driver of cancer treatment resistance, yet early signals regulating this process remain unclear. Here, using longitudinal single-cell RNA sequencing, we mapped differentiation trajectories in the LTL331 prostate adenocarcinoma patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model undergoing neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) transformation post castration. Our analyses identified a key differentiation node marked by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) downregulation driven by the CXCR4-LASP1-G9a-SNAIL axis. Mechanistically, CXCR4 activation promotes nuclear translocation of LASP1 that links G9a and SNAIL via SH3/proline-rich motif and LIM/SNAG domain interactions, enabling SNAIL-mediated REST repression via promoter E-box motifs. Inhibition of CXCR4 or G9a reversed LTL331R NEPC cells toward a luminal androgen receptor-active phenotype. CXCR4-targeted radioligands enabled both imaging and inhibition of NEPC tumors in vivo. These findings highlight the CXCR4-LASP1-G9a-SNAIL axis as a key regulator of epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming in NEPC transdifferentiation and support its therapeutic targeting in aggressive NEPC. Show less
The STAT3 pathway promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion and metastasis in cancer. STAT3 upregulates the transcription of the key epithelial-mesenchymal transition transcripti Show more
The STAT3 pathway promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion and metastasis in cancer. STAT3 upregulates the transcription of the key epithelial-mesenchymal transition transcription factor SNAIL in a DNA binding-independent manner. However, the mechanism by which STAT3 is recruited to the SNAIL promoter to upregulate its expression is still elusive. In our study, the lysine methylation binding protein L3MBTL3 is positively associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in female patients with breast cancer. L3MBTL3 also promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in breast cancer. Mechanistic analysis reveals that L3MBTL3 interacts with STAT3 and recruits STAT3 to the SNAIL promoter to increase SNAIL transcription levels. The interaction between L3MBTL3 and STAT3 is required for SNAIL transcription upregulation and metastasis in breast cancer, while the methylated lysine binding activity of L3MBTL3 is not required for these functions. In conclusion, L3MBTL3 and STAT3 synergistically upregulate SNAIL expression to promote breast cancer metastasis. Show less
This study aimed to explore the potential classification and influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving mechanical ventilation to prov Show more
This study aimed to explore the potential classification and influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving mechanical ventilation to provide a theoretical basis for formulating targeted intervention measures. A total of 229 patients on mechanical ventilation who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit of a Class III Grade A hospital in Zunyi from August 2023 to July 2024 were selected as research participants using a purposive sampling method. The General information questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised, Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to assess the patients within 7 days after discharge from the ICU. One month after extubation, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to analyze the latent subtypes of PTSD, and univariate analysis and a disordered multivariate logistic regression model were used to evaluate the influencing factors associated with different types of PTSD. A total of 215 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 93.89%. The incidence of PTSD was 14.9% (95% CI: 10.12%-19.64%). There were three latent categories of PTSD among the ICU patients on mechanical ventilation: the "low-stress group" (56.8%, PTSD symptoms among mechanically ventilated ICU survivors manifest in three distinct profiles. Our findings strongly recommend early psychological screening, particularly focusing on anxiety and depression levels and patients' educational background. Medical staff should formulate targeted intervention plans based on the characteristics of different patient categories to lower the level of PTSD in patients. Show less
Repetition of physical activity (PA) contributes to the formation of PA habit. However, daily repetitions of PA of varied intensities might differ in their impact on PA habits. This study investigated Show more
Repetition of physical activity (PA) contributes to the formation of PA habit. However, daily repetitions of PA of varied intensities might differ in their impact on PA habits. This study investigated the effect of daily variability in PA on various facets of PA habits: lack of intention (LOI), lack of control (LOC) and efficiency of PA. Daily time spent on light-, moderate- and vigorous-intensity of PA (LPA, MPA and VPA) were assessed for 14 consecutive days among 182 college students. PA habits were measured afterwards. The results of mixed-effects random location-scale model showed that LOI was negatively predicted by variability in daily LPA; and that LOC was negatively predicted by daily variability in LPA and MPA. These findings suggest interventions of PA habit formation should focus on different facets of PA habits and consider the impact of daily repetition of PA of varied intensities. Show less
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) serve as an incretin-based hypoglycemic class for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). DPP-4i have been reported to produce a pleiotropic effect on lipid Show more
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) serve as an incretin-based hypoglycemic class for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). DPP-4i have been reported to produce a pleiotropic effect on lipid profiles in addition to regulation of glucose homeostasis. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to quantitatively evaluate the impact of DPP-4i on lipid parameters in patients with T2D. PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials. Trials were identified if changes in lipid parameters, including low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were reported. A total of 95 publications were identified. DPP-4i significantly reduced levels of LDL-C (-3.48 mg/dL; 95% CI, -4.77 to -2.20; I2 = 70%, P < .00001), TC (-2.59 mg/dL; 95% CI, -3.88 to -1.29; I2 = 73%, P < .0001), TG (-5.39 mg/dL; 95% CI, -8.04 to -2.75; I2 = 77%, P < .0001), and non-HDL-C (-6.27 mg/dL; 95% CI, -10.94 to -1.60; I2 = 53%, P = .008). No significant effect was found on HDL-C (-0.32 mg/dL; 95% CI, -1.19 to 0.55; I2 = 97%, P = .47) and ApoB (-0.88 mg/dL; 95% CI, -3.36 to 1.60; I2 = 36%, P = .49) during DPP-4i treatment. DDP-4i significantly improved lipid parameters including LDL-C, TC, TG, and non-HDL-C in patients with T2D. This underscores the potential cardiovascular benefits of DPP-4i and their role in improving diabetes-related outcomes. PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020175999. Show less
Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease linked to oxidative stress and lipid imbalance, remains a major cardiovascular threat. Traditional herbs Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctori Show more
Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease linked to oxidative stress and lipid imbalance, remains a major cardiovascular threat. Traditional herbs Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctorius exhibit multi-target anti-AS potential, yet their compositional complexity limits clinical translation. This study aimed to systematically identify core anti-AS components from these herbs and enhance their anti-AS efficacy via machine learning-aided screening and nanotechnology-driven codelivery. We initially pioneered a machine learning-aided hybrid strategy integrating network pharmacology and quantitative activity relationship (QSAR) modeling to identify four core anti-AS polyphenols (i.e., salvianic acid A, salvianolic acid B, protocatechuic acid, and hydroxysafflor yellow A). Subsequently, a quaternary metal-phenolic network (SSPH-MPN) was engineered for plaque-targeted codelivery, optimized via the median-effect principle for achieving a synergistic effect based on ROS scavenging efficacy. The optimized SSPH-MPN was characterized by a series of studies, including molecular dynamics simulations, UV, DLS, TEM, FTIR, XPS, and ICP-MS. The anti-AS effect of the optimized SSPH-MPN was evaluated by monitoring oxidative status (ROS levels, antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, T-AOC), inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), lipid metabolism (DiI-oxLDL uptake, cholesterol efflux, blood lipid levels, lipid accumulation), and plaque areas. The results demonstrated that the optimized SSPH-MPN showed great efficiency in inhibiting lipid uptake and accumulation, and mediating cholesterol efflux in RAW 264.7 cells, and exhibited improved lipid metabolism, attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation, thus acquired diminished plaque area in apoE Show less
Vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) is involved in numerous cellular processes, including DNA repair, cell cycle and cell proliferation. However, its roles and molecular mechanism underlying the progress Show more
Vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) is involved in numerous cellular processes, including DNA repair, cell cycle and cell proliferation. However, its roles and molecular mechanism underlying the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are yet largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrated that VRK1 expression is elevated in HCC tumor tissues, which is associated with high tumor stage and poor prognosis in HCC patients. In vitro and in vivo experiments manifested that VRK1 overexpression significantly promotes cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and tumor growth of HCC by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. Mechanistically, immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry analysis determined that VRK1 interacts with CHD1L, which mediates the phosphorylation of CHD1L at serine 122 site. RNA-seq revealed that one of the key downstream target genes of VRK1 is SNAI1, by which VRK1 promotes EMT process and HCC progression. Furthermore, VRK1 upregulates SNAI1 expression through phosphorylating CHD1L. In conclusion, these findings suggested that VRK1/CHD1L/SNAI1 axis acts as a cancer-driving pathway to promote the proliferation and EMT of HCC, indicating that targeting VRK1 may be an attractive therapeutic strategy of HCC. Show less
Miao Sun, Yan Liu, Maolin Liu+5 more · 2025 · Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology · Taylor & Francis · added 2026-04-24
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare condition characterized by incomplete pubertal development, infertility, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency, associated with mutatio Show more
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare condition characterized by incomplete pubertal development, infertility, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency, associated with mutations in more than 50 genes. We aimed to conduct an etiological analysis of a CHH Chinese family and summarize the clinical presentations and genetic changes of reported similar cases. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the molecular cause in the proband. In silico tools were employed to analyze the pathogenicity of the variants. Reported cases with similar clinical features and associated genes were summarized by searching through PubMed/MEDLINE using keywords 'FGFR1,' 'CHH,' and 'Kallmann syndrome (KS).' Genetic analysis revealed a novel likely pathogenic deletion mutation in the FGFR1 gene (NM₀₂₃₁₁₀.3: c.263₂₆₄del (Val88Alafs*22)) in a Chinese family exhibiting micropenis and underdeveloped testes. A total of 38 cases with CHH or KS have been previously reported. This study identified a novel FGFR1 deletion variant responsible for CHH, expanding the known mutational spectrum of FGFR1. Typical manifestations include delayed puberty and diverse presentations. The genotype-phenotype correlation in CHH remains unclear and may involve oligogenic effects and epigenetic regulation. Show less
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality globally, with challenges in prognosis and treatment due to its complex pathogenesis and heterogeneous tumor micro Show more
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality globally, with challenges in prognosis and treatment due to its complex pathogenesis and heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and oxidative stress play critical roles in tumor progression: NETs promote tumor cell adhesion, migration, and immune suppression, while oxidative stress induces DNA damage and activates pro-tumor signaling pathways. Moreover, oxidative stress is an important inducer of NETs, and their crosstalk shapes the LUAD immune microenvironment. However, systematic exploration of LUAD immunotherapeutic response prediction based on NETs and oxidative stress-related genes remains lacking. The gene set related to oxidative stress was obtained from MSigDB. The gene set related to NETs was sourced from relevant literature. Transcriptomic and clinical data were integrated from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-LUAD (training set) and GSE31210 (validation set). Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was employed to screen gene modules and characteristic scores related to NETs and oxidative stress signatures. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, and prognostic model was established using univariate and LASSO Cox regression. Immune infiltration was analyzed using ESTIMATE algorithm, MCP-counter and ssGSEA methods. And we developed a nomogram incorporating clinicopathological features and RiskScore model, and performed drug sensitivity analysis. Finally, the biological role of CPS1 in lung cancer cells was investigated through CCK-8, wound-healing, and Transwell experiments. 22 co-expression modules were screened, among which the brown module showed significant correlations with NETs and oxidative stress signature scores. This module was intersected with DEGs, yielding 624 overlapping genes implicated in immune-relevant pathways (like leukocyte differentiation, neutrophil activation involved in immune response). A prognostic model was established utilizing 8 key genes (ADGRE3, ARHGEF3, CD79A, CLEC7A, CPS1, EPHB2, LARGE2, and OAS3). In the TCGA database, the model demonstrated robust prognostic discrimination (area under the curve (AUC) > 0.6), with high-risk patients exhibiting shorter overall survival (OS) (p < 0.05). Its stability was validated in GSE31210 (AUC > 0.6). The RiskScore showed negative correlations with immune infiltration (like T cells, CD8 T cells, and natural killer cells) as well as immune/stromal scores. A nomogram model combining RiskScore with N staging was developed and validated, demonstrating strong predictive accuracy through calibration and decision curve analyses. High-risk patients were more sensitive to drugs like BI-2536, BMS-509744, and Pyrimethamine. Finally, in vitro tests showed that CPS1 knockdown markedly decreased the viability, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells. The constructed prognostic model by NETs and oxidative stress-relevant genes effectively predicts LUAD prognosis, correlates with immune microenvironment characteristics, and guides drug sensitivity, providing novel insights for LUAD prognostic assessment and personalized therapy. Show less
Excessive adipose tissue accumulation adversely impacts the health of both humans and livestock. Adenylyl cyclase 3 (ADCY3) is a promising anti-obesity target, yet its regulatory role in adipogenesis Show more
Excessive adipose tissue accumulation adversely impacts the health of both humans and livestock. Adenylyl cyclase 3 (ADCY3) is a promising anti-obesity target, yet its regulatory role in adipogenesis remains incompletely understood. Our findings revealed a dynamic pattern of ADCY3 expression during adipogenesis and lipid droplet (LDs) accumulation. Functional analyses demonstrated that ADCY3 overexpression impaired adipogenesis by downregulating adipogenic transcription factors CEBPα and PPARγ. Furthermore, it reduced both the number and size of LDs through suppressing triglyceride synthesis and fatty acid metabolism, concomitantly downregulating key genes involved in LDs formation (PLIN1, CIDEC, FIT2, and Seipin), as well as factors mediating glycerol ester synthesis and fatty acid metabolism (DGAT1, DGAT2, ACC, SCD, FASN, and ACSL1). Transcriptomic profiling revealed that ADCY3 overexpression suppressed PPARγ signaling, leading to the downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation genes encoded by both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Our results implicate ADCY3 in the regulation of lipid metabolism, with the speculative involvement of mitochondrial metabolic remodeling. This perspective offers a framework for developing future interventions against excessive lipid deposition. Show less
Alzheimer's disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder, and the Beta-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a key therapeutic target in its treatment. This study employs Show more
Alzheimer's disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder, and the Beta-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a key therapeutic target in its treatment. This study employs molecular dynamics simulations and binding energy analysis to investigate the binding interactions between BACE1 and four selected small molecules: CNP520, D9W, NB641, and NB360. The binding model analysis indicates that the binding of BACE1 with four molecules are stable, except the loop regions show significant fluctuation. The binding free energy analyses reveal that NB360 exhibits the highest binding affinity with BACE1, surpassing other molecules (CNP520, D9W, and NB641). Detailed energy component assessments highlight the critical roles of electrostatic interactions and van der Waals forces in the binding process. Furthermore, residue contribution analysis identifies key amino acids influencing the binding process across all systems. Hydrogen bond analysis reveals a limited number of bonds between BACE1 and each small molecule, highlighting the importance of structural modifications to enable more stable hydrogen bonds. This research provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of potential Alzheimer's disease therapeutics, guiding the way for improved drug design and the development of effective treatments targeting BACE1. Show less
Liver and lung are the most common metastatic sites in colorectal cancer (CRC), where the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of CRC. Understanding the Show more
Liver and lung are the most common metastatic sites in colorectal cancer (CRC), where the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of CRC. Understanding the interactions between various types of cells in the TME can suggest innovative therapeutic strategies. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) and clinical samples, fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF19, rodent FGF15) is found to mediate a significant interaction between CRC cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), activating the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs)-to-CAFs differentiation. In various CRC metastatic mouse models, it is shown that FGF15 has a more pronounced effect on liver metastasis compared to pulmonary metastasis. More importantly, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are also identified from the RNA-Seq dataset upon the activation of HSCs by FGF19 and compared the DEGs in matched primary and metastatic mRNA samples from patients with CRC liver metastasis (CRCLM), it is found that the ANGPTL4 gene is significantly associated with HSCs activation. Different mouse models also demonstrated the impact of the FGF19/ANGPTL4 axis on the severity of CRCLM. Importantly, disruption of this axis significantly inhibits CRCLM in vivo. This study is among the first to demonstrate the impact of the FGF19/ANGPTL4 axis on CRCLM, offering a novel therapeutic strategy. Show less
Evidence of the benefits of cordycepin (Cpn) for treating obesity is accumulating, but detailed knowledge of its therapeutic targets and mechanisms remains limited. This study aimed to systematically Show more
Evidence of the benefits of cordycepin (Cpn) for treating obesity is accumulating, but detailed knowledge of its therapeutic targets and mechanisms remains limited. This study aimed to systematically identify Cpn's therapeutic targets and pathways in Western diet (WD)-induced obesity using integrated network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and experimental validation. A Western diet (WD)-induced mice model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of Cpn in ameliorating obesity. A network pharmacology analysis was then employed to identify the potential anti-obesity targets of Cpn. GO functional enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to elucidate the potential functions of the identified targets, followed by constructing a protein-protein interaction network to screen the core targets. Meanwhile, quantitative transcriptomics was conducted to validate and broaden the network pharmacology findings. Finally, molecular docking and quantitative real-time PCR assay were used for the core target validation. Cpn treatment effectively alleviated obesity-related symptoms in WD-induced mice. The metabolic pathway, insulin signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis pathway, and core targets including CPS1, HRAS, MAPK14, PAH, ALDOB, AKT1, GSK3B, HSP90AA1, BHMT2, EGFR, CASP3, MAT1A, APOM, APOA2, APOC3, and APOA1 are involved in regulating the therapeutic effect of Cpn. This study comprehensively uncovers the potential mechanism of Cpn against obesity based on network pharmacology and quantitative transcriptomics, which provides evidence for revealing the pathogenesis of obesity, suggesting that Cpn is a possible lead compound for anti-obesity treatment. Show less
Background Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia and rearrangement of FGFR1(MLN-FGFR1), also referred to as 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS), arises from aberrant FGFR1 gene rearrangement Show more
Background Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia and rearrangement of FGFR1(MLN-FGFR1), also referred to as 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS), arises from aberrant FGFR1 gene rearrangement in bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, resulting in the transformation of myeloid/lymphoid cells into neoplastic growths. The clinical and laboratory features of affected individuals are influenced by the specific partner genes. Purpose This article aims to report a case of MLN-FGFR1 involving a novel CNTRL::FGFR1 splicing variant and to discuss its clinicopathological characteristics and treatment challenges. Methods/Results We report a case of MLN-FGFR1 in a 35-year-old male patient presenting with leukocytosis, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and a mixed population of B lymphoblasts, T lymphoblasts, and monoblasts in the bone marrow and lymph nodes. Comprehensive molecular profiling, including chromosomal karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), targeted transcriptome sequencing, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Sanger sequencing, identified a novel splicing variant of the CNTRL::FGFR1 fusion, resulting from a t(8;9)(p11;q33) translocation. This novel splicing variant involves an in-frame fusion between exon 38 of CNTRL and exon 11 of FGFR1, retaining the kinase domain of FGFR1 and leading to its constitutive activation. Despite multiple treatment regimens, the patient failed to achieve complete remission (CR). Conclusion The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted therapies, such as FGFR inhibitors, to improve outcomes in patients with FGFR1-rearranged malignancies. Show less
Yue Cao, Nana Wu, Yanfen Liu+3 more · 2025 · Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · SAGE Publications · added 2026-04-24
ObjectiveRespect for older adults (ROA) is shaped by multiple ecological systems and personal factors. However, little is known about the potential subgroups that may differ in their constellation of Show more
ObjectiveRespect for older adults (ROA) is shaped by multiple ecological systems and personal factors. However, little is known about the potential subgroups that may differ in their constellation of influencing factors and their association with ROA.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 1,476 community-dwelling Chinese adults aged 18-83 years ( Show less
The associations between screen time exposure, blood lipids, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) incidence have been less studied. We aimed to examine the associations of exposure to sc Show more
The associations between screen time exposure, blood lipids, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) incidence have been less studied. We aimed to examine the associations of exposure to screen time with blood total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and ASCVD risk score, and risk of subsequent ASCVD incidence. A nationwide sample of 7124 China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009 participants were followed up to 2015 for ASCVD incidence. The stationary screen time exposure was assessed through self-reported daily hours of using television, and computers. A total of 292 ASCVD events occurred during 35,310 follow-up person-years. Per 1-h increases in daily screen time exposure were associated with a higher 0.34% (0.12% to 0.56%), 0.47% (0.09% to 0.86%), and 0.51% (0.19% to 0.83%) increases in blood TC, LDL-C, and ApoB levels. A higher risk of incident ASCVD was associated with per log-transformed unit increase in blood LDL-C (adjusted HR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.18), and ApoB (adjusted HR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.92). The elevated blood TC, blood LDL-C, blood ApoA1 and ApoB levels significantly mediated the association between screen time exposure and ASCVD incidence. Urban dwellers, middle-aged adults, and females were particularly associated with a higher ASCVD risk with screen time exposure. The results of this nationwide cohort supported the associations of screen time exposure with elevated blood LDL-C, and ApoB levels, which consistently contributed to an increased risk of subsequent ASCVD incidence. Show less
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH), a pathological response to stress, is intricately regulated by the dynamic control of gene expression. This study explored the role of super-enhancers (SEs) and the transcrip Show more
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH), a pathological response to stress, is intricately regulated by the dynamic control of gene expression. This study explored the role of super-enhancers (SEs) and the transcription factor Mef2c in CH regulation. Using a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse model, we demonstrated that inhibition of SEs with JQ-1, a BET inhibitor, significantly attenuated hypertrophic responses, as evidenced by reduced heart weight indices, enhanced cardiac function, and decreased expression of hypertrophic marker proteins BNP and β-MHC. Further analysis revealed that Mef2c, a key transcription factor, is driven by SEs in CH. In vivo and in vitro overexpression of Mef2c promotes CH, while deletion of the Mef2c SE region alleviates this condition. Mechanistically, we identified Hey2 as a downstream target of Mef2c and demonstrated that Mef2c regulates CH through the Hey2/Notch/p38 signaling pathway. Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CH and suggest potential therapeutic targets for its treatment. Show less
Base editors can correct disease-causing genetic variants. After a neonate had received a diagnosis of severe carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency, a disease with an estimated 50% mortality in Show more
Base editors can correct disease-causing genetic variants. After a neonate had received a diagnosis of severe carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency, a disease with an estimated 50% mortality in early infancy, we immediately began to develop a customized lipid nanoparticle-delivered base-editing therapy. After regulatory approval had been obtained for the therapy, the patient received two infusions at approximately 7 and 8 months of age. In the 7 weeks after the initial infusion, the patient was able to receive an increased amount of dietary protein and a reduced dose of a nitrogen-scavenger medication to half the starting dose, without unacceptable adverse events and despite viral illnesses. No serious adverse events occurred. Longer follow-up is warranted to assess safety and efficacy. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.). Show less
2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a common environmental contaminant and widely detected in aquatic surroundings, while only a few reports exist on the hazard mechanism in economic aquati Show more
2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a common environmental contaminant and widely detected in aquatic surroundings, while only a few reports exist on the hazard mechanism in economic aquatic animals. It has been shown that 40 and 4000 ng/g of BDE-47 dietary exposure over 42 days significantly increased the levels of blood triglycerides, glucose, and liver glycogen in carp ( Show less
The natural compound pterostilbene (PTE) has multiple cardiovascular protective effects. However, its effects on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-associated vascular remodeling remain to be eluci Show more
The natural compound pterostilbene (PTE) has multiple cardiovascular protective effects. However, its effects on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-associated vascular remodeling remain to be elucidated. This study investigated the effects of PTE on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH in rats Experimental PAH was established by subcutaneous injection of MCT (50 mg/kg) in Sprague-Dawley rats, which were then randomly divided into vehicle or PTE (15 mg/kg via gavage) treatment groups. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) was modeled in hPAECs by treating with transforming growth factor-β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β in combination. In rats with MCT-induced PAH, administration of PTE resulted in a reduction in right ventricular systolic pressure, thereby alleviating right ventricular hypertrophy. This was accompanied by mitigation of the remodeling of pulmonary arteries. PTE mitigates MCT-induced PAH and vascular remodeling in rats, at least in part, by inhibiting HMGA-mediated EndMT, suggesting that PTE may be a useful complementary medicine in the treatment of PAH. Show less