Aging is associated with increased levels of circulating inflammatory markers and reduced muscle mass and strength. We investigated whether intake of protein-enriched milk for 12 weeks would influence Show more
Aging is associated with increased levels of circulating inflammatory markers and reduced muscle mass and strength. We investigated whether intake of protein-enriched milk for 12 weeks would influence markers of inflammation among adults ≥70years of age with reduced physical strength. In a double-blind randomized controlled intervention study, subjects were randomly allocated into two groups, receiving a protein-enriched milk (2×20g protein/d, n=14, mean (±SD) age 76.9±4.9 yrs) or an isocaloric carbohydrate drink (n=17, age 77.7±4.8 yrs) for 12 weeks. We measured serum and mRNA expression levels of inflammatory markers in PBMCs. Significant differences in the mRNA expression of nuclear receptor subfamily, group H, member 3 (NR1H3, encoding the LXRα transcription factor) and interferon gamma (INFG) were observed between groups. The mRNA level of TNFRSF1A was significantly reduced, while the mRNA level of dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) was significantly increased, in the control group. The serum level of TNFα increased significantly in the control group, while sTNFRSF1A increased significantly in both groups, but with no significant differences between groups. Consumption of a low-fat, protein-enriched milk for 12 weeks had minor effects on inflammatory related markers in older adults compared to an isocaloric carbohydrate drink. Show less
Type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severely elevated plasma triglyceride levels, which may lead to abdominal pain and pancreatitis, eruptive xanthomas and Show more
Type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severely elevated plasma triglyceride levels, which may lead to abdominal pain and pancreatitis, eruptive xanthomas and failure to thrive. Mutations in the genes encoding lipoprotein lipase (LPL), apolipoprotein CII (APOC2), apolipoprotein AV (APOA5), lipase maturing factor 1 (LMF1) or glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1) have been found to cause Type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia. Two sibpairs belonging to two different branches of an extended pedigree were referred for molecular elucidation for their increased plasma triglyceride levels, which untreated were >27 mmol/L. The genes LPL, APOC2, APOA5, LMF1 and GPIHBP1 were analyzed by DNA sequencing. No mutations were found in LPL, APOC2, APOA5 or LMF1. No PCR products were obtained for exons 3 and 4 of GPIHBP1 from DNA of the 4 affected subjects. Subsequent long-range PCR revealed that the four affected were homozygous for a deletion comprising exons 3 and 4 of GPIHBP1. No increase in LPL activity was found in post-heparin plasma from the subjects. Homozygosity for a deletion of exons 3 and 4 of GPIHBP1 results in Type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia. Show less