Conflicting data have explored the association between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among individuals with different glucose metabolism statuses. We aimed Show more
Conflicting data have explored the association between lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among individuals with different glucose metabolism statuses. We aimed to prospectively evaluate this association and to assess whether it is modified by C-reactive protein (CRP). This population-based cohort study was derived from the UK Biobank database. Lp(a) and CRP were measured between 2006 and 2010. Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline curves were employed to assess the relationship between Lp(a) levels and time to ASCVD events. A total of 307 269 participants without prevalent ASCVD were included, comprising 253 746 individuals with normal glucose regulation (NGR), 38 020 with prediabetes, and 15 503 with diabetes. The mean age was 57 years (Q1-Q3: 50-63), and 55.3% were female. Over a median follow-up of 13.2 years, 29 521 ASCVD events occurred. Higher Lp(a) levels were associated with an increased risk of ASCVD across all glucose metabolism statuses. In fully adjusted models, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for ASCVD comparing participants in the top 10% of Lp(a) with those in the bottom 33% was 1.28 (1.22-1.34) among those with NGR, 1.23 (1.12-1.35) among those with prediabetes, and 1.16 (1.02-1.31) among those with diabetes. No significant interactions were observed after stratification by CRP (<2/≥2 mg/L) across glucose metabolism groups (P for interaction >0.05). Elevated Lp(a) levels were associated with a higher risk of ASCVD across different glucose metabolism statuses, particularly among individuals with NGR and prediabetes, independent of baseline CRP levels. Show less
The cornerstone of treating lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) lies in anticoagulation therapy to prevent thrombus progression and recurrence. However, patient adherence to medication is a Show more
The cornerstone of treating lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) lies in anticoagulation therapy to prevent thrombus progression and recurrence. However, patient adherence to medication is a critical factor influencing treatment efficacy. Traditional research often simplifies adherence into binary categories of "adherent" and "non-adherent," which fails to comprehensively reflect the complex behavioral patterns. Based on latent profile analysis (LPA), medication adherence in LEDVT patients can be categorized into distinct classes, enabling more precise identification of their characteristics. Therefore, exploring these latent classes and their influencing factors holds significant importance for optimizing intervention strategies and improving prognosis. A cross-sectional survey was used to study LEDVT. From March 14, 2024 to September 20, 2024, a random sampling method was used to recruit 469 patients with LEDVT from four grade-A tertiary hospitals in Urumqi, China. Participants completed questionnaires on general demographic information, the Medication Adherence Scale, the Perceived Health Competence Scale, the Herth Hope Index, the Patient Activation Measure, the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire-Specific. LPA was conducted to analyze the medication adherence characteristics of patients with LEDVT. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify the influencing factors of their latent profiles. Data analysis was performed using Mplus 8.3 and SPSS 25.0 software. LPA was employed to investigate medication adherence in LEDVT patients, revealing three distinct latent classes: the poorest adherence group (44.99%), the moderate adherence group (19.83%), and the good adherence group (35.18%). The logistic regression results demonstrated that, perceived health competence, hope, activation, beliefs about medication necessity, and concerns about medication were influential factors affecting the potential profile of medication adherence (all p < 0.05). LEDVT patients exhibit significant individual differences in medication adherence. Personalized intervention strategies can be designed based on different adherence classes to enhance medication adherence. Additionally, targeted interventions addressing perceived health competence, hope, positive affect, and medication beliefs can effectively improve adherence. Show less
Oxypeucedanin (OPD) showed anti-allodynia against neuropathic pain (NeuP) in our previous study. In the present study, we aimed to further investigate whether lysophosphatidic acid receptor (LPAR) sig Show more
Oxypeucedanin (OPD) showed anti-allodynia against neuropathic pain (NeuP) in our previous study. In the present study, we aimed to further investigate whether lysophosphatidic acid receptor (LPAR) signaling mediated OPD-induced antinociception against NeuP models. Single OPD treatment dose-dependently reduced pain hypersensitivity, and repeated OPD treatment maintained sustained antinociception without the development of tolerance. Importantly, OPD exhibited a significant curative effect on different stages of NeuP. ROCK and RhoA agonists prevented the therapeutic effect of OPD, while the inhibitors of LPAR, ROCK, and RhoA mimicked OPD-induced antinociception. Notably, OPD treatment attenuated the increases of LPA content and protein expression of LPAR1, RhoA, and Show less
The Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS) is an emerging psychometric instrument designed to assess climate change anxiety (CCA). This study aimed to preliminarily identify reference cutoff scores and c Show more
The Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS) is an emerging psychometric instrument designed to assess climate change anxiety (CCA). This study aimed to preliminarily identify reference cutoff scores and core items of the CCAS in a Chinese adult population. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey in China between May and June 2024, recruiting 653 Chinese adults (mean age = 32.62 ± 7.40 years; 53.8% female) via Wenjuanxing. CCA was assessed using the CCAS. External variables included generalized anxiety (Chinese GAD-7), self-rated sleep quality (single-item, past week), and self-reported experience of meteorological disasters (yes/no). Latent profile analysis (LPA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to derive reference cutoff scores, and network analysis was applied to identify core items. LPA supported a two-profile solution and yielded an overall reference cutoff score of 27.5, above which participants were categorized as having elevated CCA risk. Participants classified as high risk reported higher generalized anxiety, poorer sleep quality, and a higher likelihood of meteorological disaster experience. Sex-stratified analyses indicated different optimal cutoffs: 28.5 for males (sensitivity = 1.000; specificity = 0.982) and 26.5 for females (sensitivity = 0.986; specificity = 0.986). Network analysis further suggested that the item Show less
l-Pipecolic acid (l-PA) and its hydroxylated derivatives (hydroxypipecolic acids, HPAs) are non-proteinogenic amino acids that serve as valuable chiral building blocks for pharmaceuticals, antibiotics Show more
l-Pipecolic acid (l-PA) and its hydroxylated derivatives (hydroxypipecolic acids, HPAs) are non-proteinogenic amino acids that serve as valuable chiral building blocks for pharmaceuticals, antibiotics, and natural products. Conventional chemical synthesis of these compounds often suffers from operational complexity, poor environmental compatibility, and insufficient stereochemical control, driving a shift toward biosynthetic approaches. This review covers recent advances in enzyme engineering and synthetic biology aimed at enabling sustainable and efficient production of l-PA and HPAs. For l-PA biosynthesis, various metabolic engineering strategies to enhance its production in microbes are introduced, and enzyme cascades, single enzyme strategy, and immobilized enzyme strategy involved in l-PA production are discussed. Regarding HPAs biosynthesis, which involves the regioselective hydroxylation of l-PA, their structural features, catalytic mechanisms, and recent progress in the biosynthesis of diverse HPAs, the protein engineering of proline hydroxylase is emphasized. Finally, we present future perspectives to accelerate the biosynthetic production of l-PA and HPAs. Show less
Parents of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) face chronic stress impairing family functioning and well-being. As a key protective factor, family resilience aids their adaptation. However, e Show more
Parents of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) face chronic stress impairing family functioning and well-being. As a key protective factor, family resilience aids their adaptation. However, existing research predominantly measures general family resilience, neglecting heterogeneous resilience patterns and subgroup profiles. Our study uses person-centered Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify latent family resilience classes in Chinese culture to provide tailored support. This study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. From October 2024 to July 2025, convenience sampling was used to recruit 426 eligible parents of children with CHD from two tertiary hospitals in Yunnan Province, China. Data were collected using the General Information Questionnaire, Family Hardiness Index (FHI), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). LPA was applied to classify the family resilience levels of these parents. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the factors associated with different latent classes of family resilience. A total of 400 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 93.9%. The mean total score for family resilience in parents of children with CHD was 58.13 ± 5.79, suggesting a moderate overall level of family resilience in this group. The family resilience of parents of children with CHD was classified into three latent profiles: “High family resilience responsibility-anchored type” ( Parents of children with CHD demonstrate heterogeneity in family resilience. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the family resilience differences among parents of children with CHD and implement targeted intervention measures based on the characteristics of different subgroups, thereby enhancing parents’ family resilience and further promoting family well-being. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-025-26143-0. Show less
Anxiety and depression are highly comorbid mental health disorders with heterogeneous symptom patterns and poorly understood transdiagnostic mechanisms. This study aims to characterize latent subgroup Show more
Anxiety and depression are highly comorbid mental health disorders with heterogeneous symptom patterns and poorly understood transdiagnostic mechanisms. This study aims to characterize latent subgroups, risk factors, and symptom-level interactions underlying depression-anxiety comorbidity across adolescents and adults in multi-ethnic Southwest China. The study included a total of 41,394 adolescents (aged 9-19) and 17,345 adults (aged 18-80). Adolescents were recruited using multistage stratified cluster sampling, whereas adults were recruited by convenience sampling. All participants completed a self-designed sociodemographic questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Latent profile analysis identified subgroups, logistic regression analyzed risk/protective factors, and network analysis mapped symptom interactions and bridge nodes. This study found that three adolescent profiles emerged: high (11.66 %), moderate (31.95 %), and low/no depression-anxiety (56.39 %). Adults were classified into low/no comorbidity (90.63 %) and comorbid depression-anxiety (9.37 %). Risk factors for adolescents included female gender (OR = 2.77, 95 %CI: 2.55-3.00; OR = 1.59, 95 %CI: 1.52-1.67), higher grade levels (OR = 3.45, 95 %CI: 3.10-3.84; OR = 3.56, 95 %CI: 3.33-3.80), smoking (OR = 1.72, 95 %CI: 1.51-1.96; OR = 1.28, 95 %CI: 1.17-1.41),drinking (OR = 2.45, 95 %CI: 2.23-2.70; OR = 1.66, 95 %CI: 1.55-1.77), family instability (OR = 1.16, 95 %CI: 1.02-1.31; OR = 1.33, 95 %CI: 1.14-1.56) and "other" ethnic minority (OR = 1.15, 95 %CI: 1.04-1.26). For adults, female gender(OR = 1.68; 95 %CI: 1.44-1.97), living alone(OR = 1.37; 95 %CI: 1.14-1.65), poor self-rated health (OR = 0.13, 95 %CI: 0.11-0.15), and Dai ethnicity (OR = 0.70, 95 %CI: 0.49-0.96) predicted comorbidity. Network analysis revealed distinct bridge symptoms: adolescents in the high depression-anxiety group had five symptoms: depressed or sad mood (phq2), psychomotor agitation/retardation (phq8), nervousness or anxiety (gad1), restlessness (gad5), and irritable (gad6); however, adults with comorbidity had one symptom: afraid something will happen (gad7). This study identified three patterns of depression-anxiety comorbidity in adolescents and two in adults. Efforts should prioritize adolescents from "other" ethnic minorities, strengthening family and peer support, as well as smoking and drinking interventions for adolescents, and addressing social isolation, physical health, and catastrophizing cognition in adults may mitigate the comorbidity burden. Show less
Adolescent mental health issues have become a growing public health concern. This study seeks to identify potential profiles of mental health among Chinese adolescents and to detect high-risk groups f Show more
Adolescent mental health issues have become a growing public health concern. This study seeks to identify potential profiles of mental health among Chinese adolescents and to detect high-risk groups for the formulation of targeted intervention strategies based on associated health risk behaviors (HRBs). A cross-sectional study. This study was based on the Monitoring and Intervention Project for Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors among Secondary School Students in Nanjing, involving 9,865 secondary school students as participants. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was employed to identify mental health (symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as sleep quality); categorical variables were analyzed by the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, whereas multinomial logistic regression was used to examine associations between HRBs and distinct mental health profiles. Three profiles of mental health were identified among the adolescents, including "Low-risk Mental Health" (68.03 %), "Moderate-risk Mental Health" (26.19 %), and "High-risk Mental Health" (5.78 %). Compared with the "Low-risk Mental Health" profile, the "Moderate-risk Mental Health" profile was associated with behaviors such as drinking, injury, school bullying, unhealthy diet, internet addiction, physical activity, and outdoor activity time; and the "High-risk Mental Health" profile was associated with smoking, drinking, injury, school bullying, unhealthy diet, internet addiction, and outdoor activity time. Several HRBs are associated with mental health among Chinese adolescents. Healthcare professionals should target these HRBs and implement comprehensive measures to protect adolescent mental health. Show less
Ting Li, Ke Chen · 2026 · Journal of affective disorders · Elsevier · added 2026-04-24
Internalizing and externalizing behavior problems co-occur frequently and there is heterogeneity in the co-occurrence of such symptoms; however, few studies have explored this heterogeneity and its de Show more
Internalizing and externalizing behavior problems co-occur frequently and there is heterogeneity in the co-occurrence of such symptoms; however, few studies have explored this heterogeneity and its developmental mechanisms from a person-centered perspective. The primary aim of this study is to employ Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) and Latent Transition Analysis (LTA)-person-centered statistical approaches-to explore this underlying heterogeneity, uncover its dynamic developmental trajectories, and further examine the key factors that influence class membership and transitions. A sample of 2232 Chinese college students from three universities in Chongqing was assessed at two time points spaced ten months apart. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) and Latent Transition Analysis (LTA) were conducted on measures of internalizing and externalizing problems. LPA revealed three distinct profiles for both internalizing problems ("Low-Risk/Well-Adapted", "Moderate-Risk/Affective-Distress", "High-Risk/Comorbid") and externalizing problems ("Well-Adapted", "Adaptation Difficulties", "Maladaptive") at T1, with similar structures at T2. LTA indicated high stability for the low- and high-risk internalizing profiles, but significant fluidity in the middle, with nearly half of the moderate-risk group transitioning to the high-risk profile. For externalizing problems, there was a pronounced shift toward the "Maladaptive" profile over time. Negative parental rearing and PWU were significant risk factors for adverse transitions, while positive parenting, self-transcendence values, and objective social support served as protective factors. Co-occurring internalizing and externalizing problems among Chinese college students are heterogeneous and dynamic. The moderate-risk group represents a critical target for early intervention. Modifiable ecological factors across family, individual, and technological domains significantly predict longitudinal trajectories, informing targeted prevention strategies. Show less
Extensive research has documented a high comorbidity prevalence between depression and Internet gaming disorder (IGD). However, the distinct comorbidity patterns in adolescents have not been thoroughl Show more
Extensive research has documented a high comorbidity prevalence between depression and Internet gaming disorder (IGD). However, the distinct comorbidity patterns in adolescents have not been thoroughly investigated. Additionally, the longitudinal dynamics of these comorbidity patterns over time and the specific factors that may drive these transitions remain poorly understood. A total of 3,296 adolescents (1,501 boys; age baseline: 15.17 [1.44] years) were included in the current study. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify optimal comorbidity patterns of depression and IGD, while random intercept latent transition analysis (RI-LTA) was conducted to assess transitions in the comorbidity patterns over one and a half years and to identify factors influencing these transitions. Three patterns of comorbidity between depression and IGD symptoms were identified: no symptoms, low depression-high IGD symptoms, and high depression-low IGD symptoms. Results indicate that 72 % of individuals exhibited a stable symptom pattern trajectory. From Time 1 to Time 2, the probabilities of remaining in the three patterns were 78.3 %, 31.5 %, and 51.5 %, respectively. Findings also showed that sex, grade levels, boarding status, father's occupation as well as educational attainment, intra-week and weekend screen time, parent-child relationship, and perceived social support influenced the probabilities of transitions between comorbidity patterns in adolescents over time. Adopting targeted interventions for different comorbidity patterns and transitions, while considering specific influencing factors, provides insights into adolescent mental health dynamics and inform more effective prevention and support strategies. Show less
Families with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often encounter significant challenges, manifesting in elevated stress levels and compromised physical and mental well-being. This Show more
Families with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often encounter significant challenges, manifesting in elevated stress levels and compromised physical and mental well-being. This study employed Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to comprehensively examine family resilience attributes among 328 Chinese parents of children with ASD. Drawing on Walsh's family resilience framework and the Double ABCX stress-adaptation model, the research examined how protective factors (social support, posttraumatic growth) and risk factors (family stressors) distinctively characterize resilience profiles and predict profile membership, alongside sociodemographic correlates. Through rigorous statistical analysis, the following three distinct family resilience profiles emerged: adversity (32.31%; characterized by low resilience), ordinary (46.65%; demonstrating moderate resilience) and growth (21.03%; exhibiting high resilience). Critically, the findings revealed that higher family income, perceived social support and posttraumatic growth were associated with higher family resilience, while family stressors were associated with lower family resilience. These insights underscore the importance of developing targeted, personalized intervention strategies that can effectively enhance familial coping mechanisms and psychological adaptation for families navigating the complex challenges of ASD. Show less
Speed capability is critical for early childhood development, but troubling patterns are emerging in the motor fitness of Chinese preschoolers (3-6 years). This study investigated how compositional 24 Show more
Speed capability is critical for early childhood development, but troubling patterns are emerging in the motor fitness of Chinese preschoolers (3-6 years). This study investigated how compositional 24-h movement behaviours (sleep, sedentary behaviour [SB], light physical activity [LPA] and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) relate to speed capability. Via compositional data analysis and isotemporal substitution modelling, we assessed relationships between 24-h movement behaviours (sleep, SB, LPA and MVPA) and speed capability in 275 preschoolers (mean age 4.98 ± 0.76 years). Participants completed 20-m sprint tests and 7-day accelerometry. Time-reallocation effects were quantified through pairwise behavioural substitutions (5- to 30-min durations), with all models adjusted for age, sex and BMI z scores (z-BMI). Higher relative MVPA time significantly predicted faster sprint times (β = -1.302, p < 0.001), while higher LPA predicted slower times (β = 1.570, p = 0.003). Reallocating 15 min from sleep, SB or LPA to MVPA reduced sprint times by 0.176, 0.201 and 0.385 s, respectively (all p < 0.05). Conversely, reallocating MVPA to other behaviours worsened performance. The effects exhibited asymmetry: displacing time away from MVPA impaired speed capability to a greater extent than equivalent gains in MVPA time improved it. MVPA is the strongest positive predictor of speed capability in preschoolers. Optimizing 24-h movement patterns by reallocating time from LPA or SB to MVPA is associated with enhanced speed performance, supporting targeted interventions for early childhood development. Show less
The Lipoprotein(a) (LPA) rs3798220 and rs10455872 polymorphisms have been indicated to be involved with the coronary heart disease (CHD) susceptibility. However, there are still differences between th Show more
The Lipoprotein(a) (LPA) rs3798220 and rs10455872 polymorphisms have been indicated to be involved with the coronary heart disease (CHD) susceptibility. However, there are still differences between the individual studies. To explore the correlation of LPA gene rs3798220 and rs10455872 polymorphisms and CHD, the current meta-analysis was performed. The random or fixed effect genetic models were used to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI). A significant association was found between LPA rs3798220 polymorphism and CHD under allelic (OR: 1.488), recessive (OR: 1.543), dominant (OR: 1.534), homozygous (OR: 1.544), heterozygous (OR: 1.498) and additive genetic models (OR: 1.531). There was also a significant association between LPA rs10455872 polymorphism and CHD under allelic (OR: 1.607), dominant (OR: 1.751), heterozygous (OR: 1.723) and additive genetic models (OR: 1.686). LPA rs3798220 and rs10455872 polymorphisms were significantly associated with increased CAD risk. The persons carrying C allele of LPA rs3798220 and G allele of LPA rs10455872 polymorphisms might have higher CHD risk than the T allele of rs3798220 or A allele of rs10455872 carriers. Show less
Older adults' social participation is associated with frailty, but the transition patterns and their relationship with frailty remain unclear. This longitudinal study aims to explore the latent classe Show more
Older adults' social participation is associated with frailty, but the transition patterns and their relationship with frailty remain unclear. This longitudinal study aims to explore the latent classes and transition patterns of social participation in older adults with chronic non-communicable diseases and to assess their relationship with subsequent frailty. The data set from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2018 (T1) and 2020 (T2) was analyzed, including 4793 older adults. Latent profile analyses (LPA) and latent transition analyses (LTA) were employed to identify latent classes and the transition probabilities of social participation at T1 and T2. The ANCOVA was employed to examine the frailty index at T2 was compared across transition patterns. The LPA results supported a 4-class model labeled as inactive group, voluntary group, social interaction group, and omni-engaged group. The probability of transition from the other groups to the inactive group was significant (33.3 %, 53.8 %, 54.4 %). Age, residence, marital status, and other demographic characteristics can significantly impact transition patterns. However, after controlling for baseline frailty and other covariates, transition patterns were not significantly associated with T2 frailty levels. The short-term (two-year) effect of qualitative shifts in social participation on frailty may be limited when pre-existing health status is accounted for. Future interventions should prioritize sustained engagement and investigate the longer-term effects of both qualitative and quantitative changes in social participation. Show less
A health-promoting lifestyle involves increasing health awareness and actively adopting healthier habits. For women with osteopenia, becoming more aware of osteoporosis prevention and taking positive Show more
A health-promoting lifestyle involves increasing health awareness and actively adopting healthier habits. For women with osteopenia, becoming more aware of osteoporosis prevention and taking positive preventive actions can effectively improve health outcomes. This study employed latent profile analysis (LPA) to assess the potential categories of healthy lifestyle promotion for women at high risk of primary osteoporosis. It aimed to identify high-risk subgroups, analyze differences and influencing factors among these groups, and offer evidence-based guidance for clinical nursing practice. From December 2024 to July 2025, women were recruited using convenience sampling from endocrine outpatient departments and physical examination centers at two Grade A tertiary hospitals in Guiyang City. Data collection followed the planned time frame, and only eligible samples were included. Latent profile analysis was performed with Mplus 8.3, and univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS 27.0. A total of 340 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Participants were categorized into three latent profiles: the low self-management-ineffective health behaviors group (28.8 %), the moderate self-management-average health behaviors group (45.3 %), and the high self-management-favorable health behaviors group (25.9 %). These findings highlight disparities in the adoption of healthy lifestyles among women at high risk of primary osteoporosis. In clinical practice, nurses help patients with low health management recognize and overcome cognitive biases, use healthcare resources appropriately, and understand the importance of bone health. For patients with moderate health management, the can suggest exercise in addition to calcium supplementation. For those with high self-management, nurses can support their social networks to help maintain healthy behaviors over time. Show less
Enhancing students' subjective well-being (SWB) is an inevitable requirement for achieving comprehensive human development. This study utilized data from 11,990 students in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Show more
Enhancing students' subjective well-being (SWB) is an inevitable requirement for achieving comprehensive human development. This study utilized data from 11,990 students in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang from the PISA 2018 survey to identify distinct SWB profiles and examine the mechanisms linking parental emotional support to these profiles. Using latent profile analysis (LPA), we identified three distinct SWB profiles: 'Low Affect-Low Cognition' (30.6 %), 'Moderate Affect-High Cognition' (45.9 %), and 'High Affect-High Cognition' (23.5 %). Path analyses, controlling for gender, age, and socioeconomic status, revealed that: (1) Parental emotional support exerted significant direct effects on membership in all three profiles. (2) Parental support influenced the 'Low Affect-Low Cognition' through the mediating role of psychological resilience alone and the serial mediation of growth mindset and psychological resilience. Parental support influenced the 'Moderate Affect-High Cognition' through the mediating role of growth mindset alone and the serial mediation of growth mindset and psychological resilience. (3) For the 'High Affect-High Cognition' profile, parental support operated through three pathways: the specific indirect effects of growth mindset and psychological resilience independently, plus their serial mediation. The findings suggest that interventions for students with low SWB should prioritize building psychological resilience, while for other groups, fostering both a growth mindset and resilience is beneficial. The research results are primarily applicable to adolescents in China's high-development level regions and caution should be exercised in generalizing them to other contexts. Show less
Childhood overweight/obesity poses a significant public health burden, closely linked to time allocation across various movement behaviors. We aimed to clarify the compositional associations between 2 Show more
Childhood overweight/obesity poses a significant public health burden, closely linked to time allocation across various movement behaviors. We aimed to clarify the compositional associations between 24-h time allocation to sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and overweight/obesity risk among children aged 2-6 years. This cross-sectional study enrolled 5372 children aged 2-6 years from Beijing. Isotemporal substitution modeling and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were adopted. Among all children (mean age 4.52 years; 49.9 % girls), 26.13 % were overweight or obese. Each additional 5 min of daily SB was associated with a higher odds of overweight/obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.19, p = 0.02), while each 5-min increment in sleep was linked to reduced odds (OR = 0.91, 95 % CI: 0.84-0.98, p = 0.02). Isotemporal substitution analyses indicated that replacing 5 min of SB with sleep (OR = 0.81, 95 % CI: 0.67-0.97, p = 0.02), LPA (OR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.72-0.98, p = 0.03), or MVPA (OR = 0.87, 95 % CI: 0.76-1.01, p = 0.06) was associated with lower overweight/obesity risk. Replacing SB with sleep or physical activities reduced the risk. Further WQS analyses revealed that sleep exerted the strongest weight in the behavioral mixture influencing childhood overweight/obesity. This study provides evidence that theoretical reallocation of sedentary time to sleep or physical activities was associated with a significantly lower risk of overweight/obesity in children aged 2-6 years. Importantly, sleep appears to be the most potent component in the behavioral mixture, reinforcing the importance of holistic, multi-behavioral approaches in early childhood obesity prevention strategies. Show less
Accelerometer-derived physical activity is associated with reduced stroke risk. The biological pathways underpinning this relationship, however, are not yet understood. Herein, we aim to identify meta Show more
Accelerometer-derived physical activity is associated with reduced stroke risk. The biological pathways underpinning this relationship, however, are not yet understood. Herein, we aim to identify metabolic signatures associated with accelerometer-measured PA and investigate their relationships with reduced stroke incidence. Utilizing UK Biobank accelerometer data, we derived physical activity into total physical activity (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and light physical activity (LPA) and linked them to 249 NMR-quantified plasma metabolites. The metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-/LPA-metabolomic signatures) were developed through internal validation followed by elastic-net regression modeling. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated activity-stroke associations (adjusted for sociodemographic/genetic factors), followed by mediation analysis to quantify metabolomic signature effects. Through UK Biobank study (N = 29445; 14.1-year follow-up with 513 stroke events), we identified 195 TPA, 173 MVPA, and 164 LPA metabolite associations (FDR < 0.05), with 107, 92, and 15 validated, respectively. Elastic net-derived physical activity-metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-metabolomic signatures) correlated with physical activity intensities (r = 0.20-0.30, P < 0.001) and were associated with reduced stroke risk: TPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44-0.87); MVPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.29-0.88). Mediation analyses showed TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures explained 12.2% and 8.5% of physical activity-stroke associations (P < 0.001), implicating specific lipoprotein subclasses and lipids as key mediators. TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures, particularly the 11 key metabolites included, significantly mediate the association between accelerometer-derived physical activity and stroke risk. Show less
To use compositional data analysis to examine the associations of daily movement behaviors with body composition, and to predict changes in body composition after reallocating time among behaviors in Show more
To use compositional data analysis to examine the associations of daily movement behaviors with body composition, and to predict changes in body composition after reallocating time among behaviors in preschool-aged children. 268 preschoolers were included in the cross-sectional study. An accelerometer was used to assess sedentary behavior (SB), light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LPA and MVPA). A parental report was used to collect sleep time. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was employed to assess body composition. Compositional linear regression analysis was employed to explore how daily movement behaviors were associated with body composition. Compositional isotemporal substitution analysis was employed to estimate changes in body composition after reallocating time among behaviors. 24-h movement behaviors composition significantly predicted fat-free mass index (FFMI), soft lean mass index (SLMI), and skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI), but not fat mass index, percent body fat, and bone mineral content index. The compositional isotemporal substitution analyses consistently showed that increasing MVPA at the expenses of SB was positively associated with FFMI (+0.328 kg/m The findings highlight the importance of MVPA in improving preschoolers' body composition. Increasing MVPA at the expenses of SB may be a strategy to improve body composition in preschoolers. Show less
Pregnant women have a high incidence of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs). To explore the influence factor on perinatal psychology, we analysed the SCFAs, lipids, cognition, emotion, and cy Show more
Pregnant women have a high incidence of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs). To explore the influence factor on perinatal psychology, we analysed the SCFAs, lipids, cognition, emotion, and cytokines in the late pregnant women. The mood, cognition, SCFAs of the non-pregnant group were compared to those in the late pregnancy. The differences in SCFAs, lipids, cognition, and cytokines between the high-risk and low-risk groups for affective disorders among women in the late pregnancy were analysed, and the risk factors were sought. Compared with the non-pregnant group, the pregnant group scored lower on the SDMT (P < 0.001), DST (P = 0.035), VRT (P = 0.001), and VFT (P < 0.001), and took longer on the TMTA (P = 0.004). Acetate (P = 0.001) and butyrate (P = 0.002) were higher, while propionate (P < 0.001) and isobutyrate (P = 0.001) were lower in the pregnant group than in the non-pregnant group. Among the pregnant women, CRP was higher in the high-risk group for mood disorders than in the low-risk group (P = 0.048). Meanwhile, HDL was positively associated with DST (P = 0.000), VRT (P = 0.015), and VFT (P < 0.001). Longer TMTA completion times were associated with reduced propionate (P = 0.072) and LPa (P = 0.022). Longer TMTB completion time was associated with lower life satisfaction (P = 0.037), as well as decreased cholesterol (P = 0.026). Pregnant women experience changes in cognition and SCFAs. CRP is a sensitive indicator for monitoring affective disorder. Regulation of SCFAs and lipids may be beneficial for cognition and affect. Show less
High-density lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a well-established independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). However, the interaction between Lp(a), low-density lipoprotein c Show more
High-density lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a well-established independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). However, the interaction between Lp(a), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and polygenic risk score (PRS) in cardiovascular diseases has been the subject of relatively limited research. The present study included a total of 346,751 participants from the UK Biobank. According to the guideline of Lp(a), the study subjects were divided into 3 groups: the first group was <75 mmol/L (n = 272,643), the second group was 75 to 125 mmol/L (n = 35,792), and the third group was >125 mmol/L (n = 38,316). Elevated Lp(a) levels were associated with a progressively increased risk of overall cardiovascular events (CVEs), including ischemic stroke (IS), coronary heart disease (CHD), angina pectoris, and myocardial infarction (MI). In contrast, the risks of atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) decreased with higher Lp(a) levels. Additive interaction analyses revealed significant synergistic effects between Lp(a) and LDL-C for CHD (relative excess risk interaction [RERI] = 0.081, attributable proportion of interaction [AP] = 0.046, synergy index [SI] = 1.117), angina pectoris (RERI = 0.112, AP = 0.055, SI = 1.121), and MI (RERI = 0.183, AP = 0.079, SI = 1.161), with MI showing the strongest synergy. Incorporating PRS further amplified these effects, and the RERI (CHD: RERI = 0.721; angina pectoris: RERI = 0.781; MI: RERI = 1.318) and SI (CHD: SI = 2.218; angina pectoris: SI = 1.97; MI: SI = 2.326) were significantly higher than those of the interaction model containing only Lp(a) and LDL-C. In conclusion, Lp(a) and LDL-C show a significant synergistic effect in ASCVD, and this effect is more prominent in individuals with a higher PRS, suggesting that dual lipid management should be strengthened for such populations. While AF and HF may require alternative risk factor management. Show less
Accumulating research has demonstrated a significant association between early-life inflammation and behavioral disorders later in life. However, the effects of early-life inflammation on aggressive b Show more
Accumulating research has demonstrated a significant association between early-life inflammation and behavioral disorders later in life. However, the effects of early-life inflammation on aggressive behavior in adulthood remain poorly understood. Here, we show that early-life inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) upregulated neuronal dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) and impaired mitochondrial function in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of adult mice, thereby increasing aggressive behavior in adulthood. We further identify that CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is the transcription factor of Dnm1l, which was activated by an increased release of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) induced by early-life inflammation. Moreover, the overproduction of LPA was due to a specific increase in astrocyte-secreted autotaxin (ATX). Specific knockdown of astrocytic ATX reduced early-life inflammation-induced aggression in wild-type mice, but not in Thy1-C/EBPβ transgenic mice. Remarkably, coenzyme Q10 decreased early-life inflammation-induced aggressive behavior in adult mice. Altogether, these findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which early inflammation promotes aggressive behavior in adulthood. Show less
The polyphenols in grains are highly active, but some polyphenols in highland barley are in a bound form and have extremely low bioavailability. Fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is capable o Show more
The polyphenols in grains are highly active, but some polyphenols in highland barley are in a bound form and have extremely low bioavailability. Fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is capable of altering the functionality of foods. This research investigated the effects of fermentation with different LAB, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus (LAC), Lactobacillus casei (LCA), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LRH), Lactobacillus plantarum (LPL), and Lactobacillus bulgaricus (LBU), on the hypoglycemic activity and mechanism of polyphenols in highland barley. The hypoglycemic activity of the fermentation products was measured by in vitro antioxidant, enzyme activity, and glucose consumption experiments. Untargeted metabolomic analysis used UHPLC-Q Exactive HF-X/MS to reveal distinct metabolic profiles among the fermented groups. Molecular docking and western blot experiments were conducted to elucidate the mechanism underlying the hypoglycemic effect of fermentation products. Polyphenolic antioxidant activity in highland barley and its inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and α-amylase were increased after LAC fermentation. Furthermore, the fermented extracts improved glucose consumption in HepG2 cells. The content determination and metabolomic analysis showed that fermented highland barley polyphenols were increased, and 113 differential phenolic metabolites were identified and annotated, among which 44 exhibited a significant upregulation compared with raw highland barley polyphenols. At the molecular level, the polyphenol extract upregulated PI3K and phosphorylated Akt expression in HepG2 cells. Overall, the results indicate that fermentation by LAC biotransformed highland barley polyphenols into smaller molecules with improved hypoglycemic activities, thereby enhancing their bioavailability. Show less
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a prevalent and aggressive subtype of lung cancer, with a 5-year survival rate below 20% due to late-stage diagnosis and drug resistance. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER Show more
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a prevalent and aggressive subtype of lung cancer, with a 5-year survival rate below 20% due to late-stage diagnosis and drug resistance. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and butyrate metabolism (BM) play critical roles in tumor progression, but their co-regulatory features in LUAD remain unclear. This study integrated single-cell transcriptome analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify prognostic genes associated with ERS and BM in LUAD. Public datasets were analyzed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, differential expression analysis, and MR. A risk model and nomogram were constructed, and immune microenvironment, gene set enrichment, and single-cell analyses were performed to validate findings. Moreover, the expression of prognostic genes was validated in different Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines through reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Seven prognostic genes ( This study identifies seven ERS- and BM-related prognostic genes and highlights macrophages as pivotal in LUAD progression, the expression differences of candidate genes were verified by RT-qPCR assay. These findings provide novel insights into LUAD diagnosis, prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets, offering a foundation for precision medicine strategies. Further validation in clinical cohorts and functional studies is warranted to translate these discoveries into clinical applications. Show less
Guangming Li, Yi Jin, Xiaowei Yuan+4 more · 2026 · Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · Elsevier · added 2026-04-24
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a widely distributed endocrine-disrupting chemical with potential carcinogenic properties, yet its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remains unclear. Here Show more
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a widely distributed endocrine-disrupting chemical with potential carcinogenic properties, yet its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remains unclear. Here, we applied an integrative framework combining network toxicology, Mendelian randomization (MR), multi-omics analyses, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and in vitro experiments to elucidate the mechanisms underlying DBP-associated HNSC. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) was identified as the sole overlapping gene between DBP-related targets and HNSC-associated genes. MR analysis supported a potential causal relationship between LPL and HNSC susceptibility. Expression profiling demonstrated tissue- and cell type-specific patterns of LPL and its dysregulation in HNSC, with associations to tumor stage and prognosis. Genomic analyses revealed that LPL alterations were infrequent and mainly driven by copy number loss. LPL expression positively correlated with immune and stromal infiltration. Enrichment analyses implicated immune regulation and PI3K-AKT signaling. Molecular simulations showed stable DBP-LPL binding. Functionally, DBP promoted SCC9 proliferation and reduced LPL expression, and was associated with transcriptional changes in PI3K-AKT-mTOR-related genes, whereas LPL restoration mitigated these effects. These findings reveal a novel DBP-LPL axis in HNSC. Show less
Fat deposition plays a crucial role in regulating the production performance and meat quality of broilers. Although the heterogeneity of mammalian adipocytes has been extensively studied, research on Show more
Fat deposition plays a crucial role in regulating the production performance and meat quality of broilers. Although the heterogeneity of mammalian adipocytes has been extensively studied, research on the molecular mechanisms underlying differences in lipid droplet accumulation in avian adipocytes remains limited. This study confirmed a significant positive correlation (R Show less
This study investigated the synergistic effects of combining ferulic acid esterase (FAE)-producing lactobacillus with homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the fermenta Show more
This study investigated the synergistic effects of combining ferulic acid esterase (FAE)-producing lactobacillus with homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the fermentation quality, nutrient composition, and aerobic stability of corn stover silage. In this study, five LAB strains were isolated and identified from various silages. Among them, strain AR1 was identified as The results showed that the co-fermentation of homofermentative and heterofermentative strains improved silage fermentation quality. The addition of AR1 to the combination of homofermentative and heterofermentative LAB further enhanced lactic acid and acetic acid production, decreased neutral and acid detergent fiber contents, and improved aerobic stability. Principal component analysis and membership function analysis identified the LPLR group (an equal mixture of AR1, R10, JF2, and R3 at 1 × 10 Show less
Recent studies highlight the role of uric acid in tumor development, but its impact on prostate cancer (PCa) remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate how uric acid influences PCa prognos Show more
Recent studies highlight the role of uric acid in tumor development, but its impact on prostate cancer (PCa) remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate how uric acid influences PCa prognosis by analyzing transcriptomic data on PCa and uric acid-related genes (UARGs) from public databases. Differential expression analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, univariate Cox regression, and machine learning were used to identify prognostic genes. A risk model was then constructed based on these genes. Six prognostic genes (AHSG, AOX1, APOC1, LPL, NKX2-2, NKX6-1) were identified through the analysis of 1 433 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 3 806 UARGs. The risk model showed strong predictive ability, with the high-risk group (HRG) exhibiting poorer prognosis. Additionally, 10 immune cell types were significantly different between risk groups, with the HRG showing higher tumor mutation burden. A total of 8 drugs were found to correlate with risk scores. Enrichment analysis revealed that AHSG, AOX1, and APOC1 were linked to oxidative stress and Parkinson's disease, while NKX2-2 and NKX6-1 were associated with RNA degradation. These findings suggest that oxidative stress may be a key mechanism in PCa progression. This study offers a novel perspective on PCa treatment by identifying 6 prognostic genes and providing a prognostic risk model. Show less
The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, though widely studied in human obesity and livestock lipid accumulation, remains poorly understood in bovine adipogenesis. This study investigated its r Show more
The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, though widely studied in human obesity and livestock lipid accumulation, remains poorly understood in bovine adipogenesis. This study investigated its role in bovine adipocytes via overexpression, given its high expression in Guanling cattle adipose tissue. Results demonstrated that FTO significantly increased triglyceride content, adiponectin secretion, and lipid droplet accumulation (P < 0.01). It also upregulated key adipogenic markers (PPARγ, C/EBPβ, FABP4, LPL; P < 0.05). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that FTO promotes adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis through regulating multiple lipid metabolic pathways. These findings reveal that FTO positively regulates bovine adipocyte differentiation by modulating lipid metabolic networks, thereby filling a critical gap in the understanding of FTO-mediated lipid metabolism in ruminants. Show less