👤 Krzysztof Borowski

Microbial-derived bile acids can modulate host gene expression, and their faecal abundance is decreased in active inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. We analysed the impact of endoscopic inflammation on microbial genes involved in bile acid biotransformation, and their interaction with host transcriptome in the intestinal mucosa of IBD patients. Endoscopic mucosal biopsies were collected from non-inflamed and inflamed terminal ileum, ascending and sigmoid colon of IBD patients. Prediction of imputed metagenome functional content from 16S rRNA profile and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction [qPCR] were utsed to assess microbial bile acid biotransformation gene abundance, and RNA-seq was used for host transcriptome analysis. Linear regression and partial Spearman correlation accounting for age, sex, and IBD type were used to assess the association between microbial genes, inflammation, and host transcriptomics in each biopsy location. A Bayesian network [BN] analysis was fitted to infer the direction of interactions between IBD traits and microbial and host genes. The inferred microbial gene pathway involved in secondary bile acid biosynthesis [ko00121 pathway] was depleted in inflamed terminal ileum of IBD patients compared with non-inflamed tissue. In non-inflamed sigmoid colon, the relative abundance of bile acid-inducible [baiCD] microbial genes was positively correlated with the host Angiopoietin-like 4 [Angptl4] gene expression. The BN analysis suggests that the microbial baiCD gene abundance could affect Angptl4 expression, and this interaction appears to be lost in the presence of inflammation. Endoscopic inflammation affects the abundance of crucial microbial bile acid-metabolising genes and their interaction with Angptl4 in intestinal mucosa of IBD patients. Show less

Early diastolic myocardial tissue Doppler velocities have reported to be reduced in mutation-positive patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in some studies even in the absence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Strain is a sensitive tool in detecting early systolic abnormalities in patients with HCM. Our goal is to examine novel echocardiographic characteristics of phenotype-negative carriers for a known sarcomeric gene mutation for HCM. We evaluated 41 consecutive subjects with a known myosin-binding protein C3 (MYBPC3) mutation (c.3330+2T>G). Subjects who were mutation positive without LVH (G+/LVH-, n = 35) were compared with healthy controls (n = 30) regarding tissue Doppler and segmental longitudinal strain measures. The G+/LVH- group was similar to the healthy controls with respect to chamber size, left ventricular mass index, and most diastolic filling parameters, including tissue Doppler-derived early diastolic annular velocities. Global longitudinal strain was similar for both groups (20.3 ± 2.1 vs 19.8 ± 1.8, P = .36), although regional segment analysis showed a notable reduction in the basal septum (16.8 ± 3.1 vs 19.0 ± 4.0%, P = .02) and increase in the basal posterior (22.5 ± 5.2 vs 17.9 ± 5.2, P = .001) as well as mid posterior (21.8 ± 4.7 vs 18.2 ± 3.0, P = .001) walls. In our cohort of phenotype-negative carriers of a specific MYBPC3 mutation, there were minimal differences in conventional 2-dimensional, Doppler, and speckle-tracking-derived parameters of systolic and diastolic function compared with that of healthy subjects. The presence of regional alterations in strain indicative of the presence of underlying subclinical disease requires further validation. Show less