Salivary gland cancers (SGCs) are rare and comprise multiple histologic entities. In the recurrent or metastatic (R/M) setting, there is limited evidence for effective systemic anticancer treatment fo Show more
Salivary gland cancers (SGCs) are rare and comprise multiple histologic entities. In the recurrent or metastatic (R/M) setting, there is limited evidence for effective systemic anticancer treatment for most subtypes, affecting prognosis and quality of life. Molecular analysis of SGCs holds promise to more accurately classify SGC subtypes and to determine novel therapeutic targets. Fifteen patients with R/M SGC underwent tumor biopsy and blood sampling to perform whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of tumor and germline as part of their standard-of-care management. Small somatic mutations, structural alterations, copy number variation, and mutational signatures were processed using WGS pipelines alongside germline testing. Alterations were correlated to clinical features and fed back to clinical team to inform treatment decisions. WGS quality control was acceptable in 14 of 15 patients (adenoid cystic carcinoma [AdCC, n = 10], salivary duct carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma [n = 1]; clear cell myoepithelial carcinoma [n = 1]; epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma [n = 1]; and acinic cell carcinoma [n = 1]). Genomic rearrangements/fusions were present in 12 of 14. Rearrangements involving MYB and or NFIB were identified in 8 of 10 patients with AdCC. One patient harbored a clinically actionable WGS in SGC is achievable in clinically relevant timeframes, providing genomic information for deeper understanding of disease pathophysiology, to clarify histologic subtype and can identify actionable genomic targets which may not be found through routine sequencing technologies. Further use of WGS has the potential to improve care for patients with SGC. Show less