The objective of this study is to investigate the expression of the carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) gene in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its correlation with pathological Show more
The objective of this study is to investigate the expression of the carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) gene in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its correlation with pathological features. For obtaining and exploring the pathological features in patients, sixty T2DM patients (the research group) and thirty healthy controls (the control group) presented to our hospital between January 2019 and June 2019 were selected as the research participants. After DNA extraction from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and modification of target gene methylation with bisulfite, differences in methylation were verified, and the correlation of ChREBP methylation level with T2DM pathological features and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing was discussed. According to the prediction results of UCSC Genome Browser Home, there were two CpG islands in the promoter region of the ChREBP gene, and the first exon was selected for research. The ChREBP methylation rate was statistically higher in the research group versus the control group (P < 0.05). Age, FPG, TC, and TG were confirmed by the multiple linear regression analysis to be correlated with the ChREBP methylation rate (P < 0.05). Finally, there was no difference in ChREBP methylation level between CT- and CC-type patients at rs17145750 and rs1051921 loci (P > 0.05). Peripheral blood ChREBP methylation is elevated in T2DM patients and is closely related to age, blood glucose, and blood-lipid level, which is expected to be a new direction for future T2DM diagnosis and treatment. Show less
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a trichothecene toxin that mainly produced by strains of Fusarium spp. DON contamination is widely distributed and is a global food safety threat. Existing studies have expound Show more
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a trichothecene toxin that mainly produced by strains of Fusarium spp. DON contamination is widely distributed and is a global food safety threat. Existing studies have expounded its harmful effects on growth inhibition, endocrine disruption, immune function impairment, and reproductive toxicity. In energy metabolism, DON suppresses appetite, reduces body weight, triggers lipid oxidation, and negatively affects cholesterol and fatty acid homeostasis. In this study, high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese C57BL/6J mice were orally treated with 0.1 mg/kg bw/d and 1.0 mg/kg bw/d DON for 4 weeks. The lipid metabolism of mice and the molecular mechanisms were explored. The data showed that although DON reduced body weight and fat mass in HFD mice, it significantly increased their serum triglyceride concentrations, disturbance of serum lipid metabolites, impaired glucose, and resulted in insulin intolerance in mice. In addition, the transcriptional and expression changes of lipid metabolism genes in the liver and epididymis (EP) adipose indicate that the DON-mediated increase in serum triglycerides is caused by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) inhibition in EP adipose. Furthermore, DON down-regulates the expression of LPL through the PPARγ signaling pathway in EP adipose. These results are further confirmed by the serum lipidomics analysis. In conclusion, DON acts on the PPARγ pathway of white adipose to inhibit the expression of LPL, mediate the increase of serum triglyceride in obese mice, disturb the homeostasis of lipid metabolism, and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study reveals the interference mechanism of DON on lipid metabolism in obese mice and provides a theoretical basis for its toxic effect in obese individuals. Show less