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Primary breast lymphomas (PBLs) are rare tumors that originate in the breast without systemic disease at diagnosis. Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL), usually associated with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, is exceptionally uncommon in this location. We report a case of a 36-year-old woman with no significant medical history who presented with a rapidly enlarging right breast mass. Imaging revealed a suspicious right breast lesion classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) Category 4. Core needle biopsy with histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed CD20-negative LPL, an indolent B-cell lymphoma. The patient was treated with bendamustine-based chemotherapy and corticosteroids, with marked clinical and radiological improvement. This case emphasizes the importance of considering hematologic malignancies in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions to avoid unnecessary surgical management and ensure appropriate systemic therapy. Show less

Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma (LPL) with immunoglobulin (Ig)A paraprotein is rare. When plasma cells dominate, the diagnosis becomes more challenging. We reported a case of a 71-year-old male with elevated creatinine, splenomegaly, monoclonal IgA, and MYD88 mutation. Only monoclonal plasma cells were detected first, leading to a misdiagnosis of multiple myeloma. When progressive spleen enlargement was observed, re-evaluation revealed the emergence of monoclonal lymphocytes and the diagnosis was revised to LPL. The addition of rituximab to DVD regimen led to a partial response. For cases where an initial definitive diagnosis cannot be established, close follow-up is required for timely diagnosis revision and therapeutic adjustment. Show less

This experiment investigated the response of carcass composition, digestive function, hepatic lipid metabolism, intestinal microbiota, and serum metabolomics to excessive or restrictive dietary energy in Ningxiang pigs. A total of 36 Ningxiang pigs (210 ± 2 d, 43.26 ± 3.21 kg) were randomly assigned to three treatments (6 pens of 2 piglets each) and fed a control diet (CON, digestive energy (DE) 13.02 MJ/kg,), excessive energy diet (EE, 15.22 MJ/kg), and restrictive energy diet (RE, DE 10.84 MJ/kg), respectively. Results showed that EE significantly increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein and total energy ( The findings suggest RE had no obvious negative effect on carcass traits of Ningxiang pigs. Apart from exacerbated body fat deposition, EE promoted fat accumulation in the liver by up-regulating the expression of lipogenic genes. Dietary energy changes affect hepatic bile acid metabolism, which may be mediated through the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway, as well as disturbances in the gut microbiota. Show less

In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we investigated whether language production and understanding recruit similar phoneme-specific networks. We did so by comparing the brain's response to different phoneme categories in minimal pairs: Bilabial-initial words (eg "monkey") were contrasted to alveolar-initial words (eg "donkey") in 37 participants performing both language production and comprehension tasks. Individual-specific region-of-interest analyses showed that the same sensorimotor networks were activated across the language modalities. In motor regions, word production and comprehension elicited the same phoneme-specific topographical activity patterns, with stronger haemodynamic activations for alveolar-initial words in the tongue cortex and stronger activations for bilabial-initial words in the lip cortex. In the posterior and middle superior temporal cortex, production and comprehension likewise resulted in similar activity patterns, with enhanced activations to alveolar- compared to bilabial-initial words. These results disagree with the classical asymmetry between language production and understanding in neurobiological models of language, and instead advocate for a cortical organization where phonology is carried by similar topographical activations in motor cortex and distributed activations in temporal cortex across the language modalities. Show less

Dairy cow longevity affects production economy, climate footprint, and cow welfare. Based on data from the Danish Cattle Database, this research paper evaluates the relationship between early-life risk factors associated with the period before first calving and cow longevity, including data from all Danish dairy cows culled in 2019-2023. Explanatory variables for linear mixed models included calf size, twinning, and age at first calving. Information about the length of productive life (LPL) (mean: 1,074 days) and lifetime milk yield (mean: 32,088 kg energy-corrected milk) was available for 767,305 and 716,120 cows, respectively. Milk yield per day of life increased from 7 kg in cows culled during the first lactation to more than 20 kg in cows culled in their fifth or later lactations. For cows born as singletons, LPL was one month longer for cows born as large calves than for medium-sized calves, and 2 months longer than for small calves. Cows born as twins had 2 to 3 months shorter productive lives compared to cows born as singletons. For singletons, lifetime milk yield was 1,200 kg higher for large calves than for medium-sized calves, and 2,100 kg higher than for small calves. Lifetime milk yield was 1,500 to 3,500 kg lower in cows born as twins. Cows being among the third quartile of age at first calving had an estimated productive life 2.5 months longer, and a lifetime milk yield more than 2,600 kg higher than cows calving among the first quartile of age. The results from this study clearly demonstrate the importance of 'a good start'. Show less

This study investigated the brain functional characteristics of patients with neuropathic pain (NP) following spinal cord injury (SCI) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). A total of 35 subjects were enrolled, including 10 able-bodied controls, 12 patients with SCI and NP (SCI-NP), and 13 patients with SCI (without NP). fNIRS was used to detected blood oxygen signals during motor tasks and resting-state (RS) functional connectivity (FC) in the subjects. We also performed Pearson correlation analyses of pain scores (NPS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in patients with SCI-NP. Statistical analyses were performed using Shapiro-Wilk test for normality; paired During the task state, patients with SCI-NP activated bilateral primary somatosensory cortex (S1, L/R Patients with SCI-NP exhibit significant abnormal cerebral cortical excitation and reduced FC. HbO is a potential biomarker for evaluating NP. fNIRS supports objective assessment of SCI-NP and rehabilitation strategy formulation [ChiCTR2500097098]. Show less

Intensive aquaculture frequently utilizes high-fat diets (HF) as a cost-effective strategy, yet this practice often induces hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation in carnivorous fish. Betaine, a natural methyl donor, has shown potential as a functional feed additive, but its comprehensive protective mechanisms under HF stress remain to be fully elucidated. Juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were fed one of four isonitrogenous diets for 8 weeks: a normal-fat control (Control), a high-fat diet (HF), and two high-fat diets supplemented with 0.5% (HFB0.5) or 1.0% (HFB1) betaine. Growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, serum biochemical parameters, hepatic antioxidant capacity, and the expression of genes related to antioxidant defense, lipid metabolism, and inflammation were analyzed. The HF group exhibited significantly impaired growth, digestive function, and antioxidant capacity, along with elevated lipid peroxidation, dyslipidemia, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Betaine supplementation restored growth performance and feed efficiency to control levels, ameliorated digestive enzyme activities (particularly enhancing lipase), and activated the hepatic Nrf2-Keap1 pathway, upregulating antioxidant genes (nrf2, sod1, cat, gpx, ho-1, gr) and enhancing enzyme activities. Betaine also improved serum lipid profiles, upregulated genes related to fatty acid oxidation (pparα, cpt-1) and lipolysis (lpl, hsl), suppressed lipogenic genes (srebp-1, fas), and rebalanced inflammatory cytokines by reducing tnf-α and il-1β while increasing tgf-β1 and il-10. Dietary betaine effectively counteracts HF-induced metabolic stress in M. salmoides through coordinated multi-pathway regulation. It enhances antioxidant defense, reprograms hepatic lipid metabolism toward catabolism, and restores inflammatory homeostasis. These findings underscore betaine's role as a multi-functional feed additive capable of mitigating HF-related metabolic disorders and promoting overall health in carnivorous fish aquaculture. Show less

Severe hypertriglyceridemia causing acute pancreatitis may necessitate intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Management of hypertriglyceridemia in this setting requires therapies that result in rapid triglyceride lowering that are different from therapies used in the outpatient setting. The purpose of this narrative review is to explore strategies for managing hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTGP) in the ICU. Patients may develop acute pancreatitis when triglyceride levels exceed 500 mg/dL, either as their primary reason for admission to the ICU or as an adverse effect of medications received during ICU care. Rapid reduction of triglycerides is attained through activation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), an enzyme essential for the removal of triglycerides from the plasma. Treatment modalities include therapeutic plasma exchange and the combination of insulin and heparin infusions for acute treatment, although there is no consensus on optimal dosing. Fibrates are recommended as first-line agents in prevention of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis in high-risk patients. Several therapies are used for acute management of HTGP in the ICU setting. Further research is necessary to refine treatment protocols and establish best practices for managing HTGP in critically ill patients. Show less

BackgroundSchatzker IV-C tibial plateau fractures pose a significant challenge for adequate visualization and reduction of the lateral articular surface through a solitary posteromedial (PM) approach. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an adjunctive lateral patellar ligament (LPL) approach in enhancing articular exposure, assessed through cadaveric modeling and a clinical case series.MethodsIn a cadaveric study, eight preserved knee specimens were dissected using a combined PM and LPL approach. The exposed articular area was quantitatively measured using calibrated digital imaging and ImageJ software before and after the LPL approach was established. Clinically, a case series of 10 patients with Schatzker IV-C fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation via the combined approach between October 2021 and December 2023. Outcome measures included intraoperative exposure, 12-month postoperative Knee Society Score (KSS), and complications.ResultsThe addition of the LPL approach resulted in a 96% increase in the mean exposed articular area (from 8.4 cm² to 16.5 cm²; Show less

Integrated multi-omics analysis has revolutionized the investigation of plant-derived compounds for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Solanesol, a bioactive constituent from Solanaceae plants, exhibits high oral bioavailability and translational potential for multi-target therapeutics. This study aimed to elucidate the multi-target mechanisms and multi-organ protective effects of solanesol in T2DM management through integrated multi-omics approaches, to bridge the gap between phytochemical discovery and clinical translation. In Lepr Solanesol improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and reduced serum lipids, hepatic gluconeogenesis, uric acid, white adipose mass, pancreatic/hepatic inflammation, and renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, solanesol: 1) enriched beneficial gut microbiota (Alistipes, Anaerotruncus, and Parasutterella) and increased levels of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids; 2) rebalanced the dysfunctional mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation​​ microenvironment by modulating the expression and the activities of respiratory chain Complexes I-V; 3) modulated hepatic lipid metabolism by ​inhibiting​​ de novo ​​lipogenesis​​ via the Acly-Acaca-Fasn pathway, promoting cholesterol efflux and fatty acid oxidation​​ through Abca1/Fabp5, and attenuating inflammation​​ via Lpl-PPARδ downregulation. Solanesol demonstrates multi-organ protective effects through gut microbiota-metabolite crosstalk and hepatic lipid/redox homeostasis regulation. Its multi-target efficacy and oral bioavailability position it as a novel, clinically translatable candidate for T2DM management. Show less

This research verified the in vitro study of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) extract and cell-free supernatant (CFS) produced from various probiotic Lactobacillus strains and evaluated its function of anti-obesity. The production of SCFAs produced from the combination of L. paracasei SD1 and L. rhamnosus SD11 provided the highest SCFAs content at fermentation at 24 h and 45°C. The CFS exhibits a markedly stronger ability to prevent adipogenesis compared to the extract. Specifically, the combination of L. paracasei SD1 and L. rhamnosus SD11 demonstrates the highest suppression of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. It was observed that the CFS had a dose-dependently inhibitory effect on adipocyte differentiation, which was linked to a significant downregulation of gene expression levels of C/EBP-β, C/EBP-α, PPARγ, FAS, and LPL. The findings revealed the possibility of utilizing the CFS as a functional food due to its anti-obesity abilities by suppression of adipogenesis/lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Show less

The GramAdapt Social Contact Dataset is a curated dataset of 34 language pairs with qualitative and quantifiable data on social interaction and aspects of societal multilingualism. The language pairs were sampled globally to represent the world's linguistic diversity. The dataset can be used to interrogate the social dimensions of language contact independently or in conjunction with appropriate linguistic data. The data were collected by distributing a questionnaire to experts who have experience with either one or both of the language communities of a pair. The data represent subjective expert assessments based on choices from predetermined answers which can be quantified. Authors 1, 2 and 3 manually checked the response to identify possible misjudgments or misunderstandings. This results in a dataset containing 13,493 data points. This dataset is a first of its kind in the field of linguistics, built upon wide findings from sociolinguistics, historical linguistics, psycholinguistics, and linguistic anthropology. Show less

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiometabolic abnormalities including elevated blood pressure, impaired glucose regulation, dyslipidemia, and increased waist circumference is increasingly recognized as a condition linked to both physical and psychological health risks. This study aims to investigate genotype-specific differences in psychological distress between healthy individuals and those with metabolic disorders, as well as to examine potential gene metabolic status interactions. This study is a cross-sectional analysis conducted in Turkistan city in the Southern region of Kazakhstan. Participants (healthy and those with metabolic syndrome) were invited to take part in the study by random sampling from the Khoja Akhmet Yassawi Kazakh-Turkish International University Medical Center. Consenting individuals provided a genetic analysis. Psychosomatic indicators were assessed using the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). A total of 200 individuals participated, with an approximately 3:1 ratio of women to men. The mean age in years was 50.4 ± 9.5 and 48.8 ± 7.7 for men and women, respectively. Preliminary analyses showed variations in cognitive and psychosomatic measures among individuals with metabolic syndrome, but no associations with genetic variants, and no significant group differences across key psychosomatic indicators when stratified by metabolic or genetic factors. However, a significant difference in LPL-Anxiety between genotypes GA-GG ( Variations in metabolic and genetic factors within the studied population were not associated with measurable differences in stress or depressive symptoms. Show less

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as a cancer with high morbidity and mortality, urgently requires the development of a clinical prediction model with high robustness and generalizability and its prognostic study of the tumor microenvironment to provide personalized clinical treatment for patients. Key prognostic genes were screened by analyzing mRNA expression data from GTEx and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using limma difference analysis, Cox analysis, and machine learning (ML) algorithms. TCGA database was used as a training set, and the International Cancer Genome Consortium database was used as a test set to screen the best prognostic modeling algorithms using a combination of 101 ML algorithms for training and constructing Nomo score plots based on the algorithmic risk scores as well as Shiny online prediction models. Based on shapley additive explanations analysis, drug sensitivity analysis, and immune infiltration analysis were performed on the 6 genes screened to visualize the importance of prognostic genes. HCC tumor mutation load analysis was also performed. A risk prediction model for HCC death was developed based on the RSF algorithm, with an RSF model C-index of 0.765 and AUC values of 0.978, 0.989, and 0.964 for 1-, 3-, and 5-year ROC curves for the Nomo score model, respectively. LPL, RAET1E, RNASEH2A, GTF2H4, SCML2, and PRDM12 were potential diagnostic and prognostic markers, among which SCML2 and PRDM12 were significantly correlated with multiple drugs in drug sensitivity analysis.TP53 mutations were correlated with patients' age, chronological age, gender, histological tumor stage, T stage, and lymph node metastasis. An online HCC mortality risk prediction model was developed using the RSF algorithm. LPL, RAET1E, RNASEH2A, GTF2H4, SCML2, and PRDM12 are potential prognostic target genes, whereas TP53 mutations are associated with clinical features that may inform the development of HCC therapy. Show less

Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) represents a rare, indolent form of B-cell neoplasm, with non-immunoglobulin M subtypes, including the immunoglobulin G (IgG)-λ variant, being notably uncommon. In this report, we document a case of LPL distinguished by the presence of monoclonal IgG-λ immunoglobulin and free λ light chains, alongside its distinctive molecular characteristics and therapeutic outcomes. A 58-year-old male presented with fatigue, leukocytosis (75.45 × 109/L, 88.8% lymphocytes), lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly. Serum studies detected an IgG-λ monoclonal protein (6.74 g/L) with concurrent elevation of free λ light chains. Bone marrow biopsy revealed marked hypercellularity, with lymphocytes comprising 80% of nucleated cells (predominantly plasmacytoid lymphocytes) and 5% plasma cell clusters. Genetic testing identified mutations in MYD88, CXCR4, and IGHV, along with trisomy 12 and del(13q14). He was diagnosed with LPL with IgG-λ monoclonal immunoglobulin and free λ light chains, classified as low risk per the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System. The patient received 3 cycles of bendamustine plus rituximab therapy. The blood cell count returned to normal and the spleen and lymph nodes were significantly reduced. Serum M protein levels decreased, and no obvious increase in B lymphocytes or plasma cells was found in the bone marrow. The patient achieved partial remission. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with the IgG-λ subtype of LPL, an uncommon variant of this rare malignancy. This report provides valuable insights into the clinical presentation, pathological features, molecular alterations, and treatment outcomes of this rare disease. Show less

This study investigated the metabolic and pathological effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) in db/db mice and evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of various Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) products. We aimed to determine whether HFD-induced mitochondrial damage can be improved by different CoQ10 products through either repairing mitochondrial injury or increasing mitochondrial bioenergy, thereby addressing the root cause of oxidative stress. Plasma biochemical analyses revealed that HFD induced hyperglycemia, elevated hepatic transaminases [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)], and dyslipidemia. Lecithin coenzyme Q10 (SoQ10) significantly improved these parameters, especially in reducing AST (255 ± 73.8 U/L vs. 138 ± 29.4 U/L, p < 0.05), ALT (87.8 ± 17.3 U/L vs. 79.2 ± 11.9 U/L, p < 0.05), and triglyceride levels (142.0 ± 37.0 mg/dL vs. 15.5 ± 2.5 mg/dL, p < 0.05), demonstrating greater efficacy than standard CoQ10. Histological evaluation showed that HFD caused marked hepatic steatosis and inflammatory infiltration. Oil Red O staining further confirmed excessive lipid deposition in the livers of HFD-fed mice. Both Q10 treatments decreased lipid droplet accumulation (p < 0.05), with SoQ10 showing a greater reduction (p < 0.05), indicating its potential to alleviate hepatic steatosis. Further assessments indicated that gene expression analyses showed that HFD upregulated lipid metabolism-related genes [lipoprotein lipase (LPL), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), alkaline ceramidase 2 (ACER2)] (p < 0.05), indicating an imbalance between lipogenesis and lipolysis. SoQ10 modulated these genes and further enhanced ceramide synthase 2 (CERS2) expression, suggesting a role in reestablishing hepatic lipid homeostasis. Additionally, SoQ10 significantly upregulated genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM)] (p < 0.05) and mitochondrial dynamics [mitofusin-2 (MFN2), optic atrophy type 1 long isoform (OPA1-L)] as well as fission [dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1)] (p < 0.05), indicating a potential to restore mitochondrial structural balance. In contrast, conventional CoQ10 had a more limited effect, particularly on fusion-related gene expression. SoQ10 demonstrated superior therapeutic potential over conventional CoQ10 in ameliorating hepatic metabolic dysfunction, oxidative mitochondrial damage, and disturbances in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics induced by a high-fat diet. Show less

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, noninfectious, truly nongangrenous, autoinflammatory condition marked by neutrophilic dermatosis. It is characterized by the rapid onset of painful, full-thickness, ulcerative skin lesions with distinctive violaceous and undermined borders. PG is commonly associated with autoimmune and hematologic disorders, namely, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). However, it has less commonly been reported in association with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) and rarely with its subtype, Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). This case unfolds the story of a 72-year-old female patient with a complex medical and primarily cutaneous oncological history, who initially developed painful lesions on her shins suspected to be PG with a superimposed infection. During extensive infectious, rheumatologic, and oncologic workup revealing an IgM monoclonal gammopathy and antibiotic-resistant infections, her condition quickly deteriorated with altered mental status and eventual cardiopulmonary arrest 2 months after the initial PG diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of close follow-up after PG identification for unusual underlying malignancies and suggests that even an indolent malignancy like WM can contribute to aggressive clinical decline in this setting. Show less

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is divided into unmutated (UM-CLL) and mutated (M-CLL) subtypes depending on somatic hypermutation (SHM) frequency in their immunoglobulin heavy chain V (IGHV) region. We previously demonstrated that CD27bright memory B cells (MBCs) are germinal center (GC)-dependent with higher mutation rate, whereas CD27dull MBCs accumulate fewer mutations and originate independently from the GC. We conducted a meta-transcriptomic analysis on bulk RNA data from 116 individuals combining four CLL cohorts and healthy B cell subsets (naïve, CD27dull and CD27bright MBCs) to decipher the transcriptional and mechanistic functions of CLL subtypes. CD27bright MBCs showed more transcriptional similarity to M-CLL rather than UM-CLL. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that LPL, ZNF667 and ZNF667-AS1 are potential informative biomarkers for stratification of CLL subtypes. They are part of the mechanistic regulatory pathways of CLL pathology through cholesterol and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) regulation. We applied markers for the GC B-cell substages to map in silico the CLL cohorts to their potential GC B cell counterpart. UM-CLL represented transcriptional mimicry to an early intermediary GC substage whereas M-CLL mimicked later substages in the GC. This could potentially explain the IGHV mutational status of M-CLL as well as hypothesize that CLL subtypes could derive from a GC-dependent pathway. Show less

Spatial representation is a core element of spatial cognition in orienteering, but the visual-spatial neural modulation mechanisms underlying spatial representations with differently oriented maps have not yet been systematically elucidated. This study recruited 67 orienteering athletes as participants and employed a single-factor (map orientation: normal vs. rotated) between-subjects experimental design. Eye-tracking and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) techniques were used simultaneously to collect behavioral, eye movement, and brain activity data, investigating the effects of map orientation on visual attention and brain activity characteristics during terrain symbol representation processing in orienteering athletes. The results revealed that compared to the normal orientation, the rotated orientation led to significantly decreased task accuracy, significantly prolonged reaction times, and significantly increased saccade amplitude and pupil diameter. Brain activation analysis showed that the rotated orientation elicited significantly higher activation levels in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (R-DLPFC), bilateral parietal lobe cortex (L-PL, R-PL), right temporal lobe (R-TL), and visual cortex (VC) compared to the normal orientation, along with enhanced functional connectivity. Correlation analysis revealed that under normal map orientation, accuracy was positively correlated with both saccade amplitude and pupil diameter; accuracy was positively correlated with activation in the R-DLPFC; saccade amplitude was positively correlated with activation in the R-DLPFC and R-PL; and pupil diameter was positively correlated with activation in the R-DLPFC. Under rotated map orientation, accuracy was positively correlated with saccade amplitude and pupil diameter, and pupil diameter was positively correlated with activation in both the L-PL and R-PL. The results indicate that map orientation significantly influences the visual search patterns and neural activity characteristics of orienteering athletes, impacting task performance through the coupling mode of visual-neural activity. Show less

To explore the optimal row-ratio in mechanized hybrid rice seed production, a field experiment was conducted in 2024 at Qionglai and Mianzhu using 'Tiantai A' × 'Taihui 808'. Three row-ratio treatments (H1: 18:6, H2: 24:6, and H3: 30:6) were tested using agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles (AUAVs) for pollination assistance. The results showed that row-ratio had little effect on sterile line flowering dynamics. The index of flowers meeting (IFM) was 0.71-0.72 at Qionglai and 0.81-0.86 at Mianzhu, with 11 to 12 days of flowering duration. As the row-ratio increased, total pollen quantity in the panicle layer and grain filling rate (GFR) decreased, while grain infection rate (GIR) increased. The responses of grain blighted rate (GBR), grain empty rate (GER), and fertilization success rate (FSR) to row-ratio varied between sites. Pollen density and GFR followed the pattern of near region (NR) > central region (CR) > far region (FR). Within the panicle, pollen density was generally highest in the upper panicle layer (UPL), followed by the middle (MPL) and lower (LPL) layers, with partial exceptions observed in the H2 and H3 treatments at Mianzhu. The vertical distribution of GFR varied by site: at Qionglai, it was apical parts of panicle (APP) > median parts (MPP) > basal parts (BPP), whereas at Mianzhu the order was MPP > APP > BPP. With wider row-ratios, yield per unit area (YUA) and GFR declined (H1 > H2 > H3), while 1,000-grain weight increased or decreased and then increased. Under H1, yields reached 2,107.50 kg ha Show less

Small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) infections occur worldwide in goats and sheep and have negative impact on the production and welfare of animals. During recent years, many studies have focused on the host factors that determine the resistance of individual animals to SRLV infection; consideration of such factors would be an alternative to current control programmes based on culling seropositive animals. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the expression of two previously selected goat genes, Primary fibroblast cultures obtained from the skin of goats with high SRLV proviral DNA load (HPL), low proviral load (LPL) or free of infection were inoculated with the A5 SRLV subtype circulating in the flock. The course of infection was observed based on cytopathic changes in cell cultures and the presence of SRLV A5 RNA, of which the level was monitored using a quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. The relative expression of the selected host genes following SRLV infection was analysed. The kinetics of SRLV replication differed, and distinctly higher numbers of SRLV particles were detected in cells derived from the HPL animal. The expression profiles of The observed relationship between expression of Show less

Physiology is closely synchronized to daily and seasonal light/dark cycles. Humans artificially extend daylight and experience irregular light schedules, resulting in dysregulation of metabolism and body mass. In rodents, winter-like conditions (cold and short photoperiod) can alter energy balance and adipose tissue mass. To determine if photoperiod alone, independent of temperature, is a strong enough signal to regulate adiposity, we compared the effects of long and short photoperiod at thermoneutrality on adiposity and WAT gene expression in photoperiod-sensitive, F1 generation wild-derived adult male white-footed mice ( Show less

<b>Introduction:</b> Colonic diverticular disease (diverticulosis) is a currently worldwide increasing gastrointestinal disorder with a particularly high prevalence in Western countries. The operative treatment of acute diverticulitis could be executed through open or laparoscopic techniques. A non-resectional procedure, namely laparoscopic peritoneal lavage (LPL) and drainage, has also been adopted as a less invasive treatment strategy to treat patients with diverticular perforation and purulent peritonitis.<b>Aim:</b> The present work was conducted to pool the currently available evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of LPL for the treatment of complicated perforated diverticulitis.<b>Methods:</b> The analysis included studies that compared patients who underwent LPL to those who underwent surgical resection. Fifteen articles were eligible for this review after searching the Scopus, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases.<b>Results:</b> The meta-analysis demonstrated that operative time and blood loss were significantly lower in the LPL group (p<0.001). The rates of overall morbidity and reoperation were comparable in the two groups (p = 0.57 and 0.74, respectively). There were significantly lower rates of cardiovascular (p < 0.001) and respiratory complications (p = 0.01), incisional/parastomal hernia formation (p = 0.02), ICU admission (p < 0.001), length of hospital stay (p < 0.001), permanent stoma formation (p < 0.001), and mortality (p < 0.001), and higher rates of sepsis (p = 0.03), intra-abdominal abscess formation (p < 0.001), and postoperative recurrence (p < 0.001) in the LPL group.<b>Conclusions:</b> Compared to the colon resection procedures for the treatment of complicated diverticulitis, laparoscopic peritoneal lavage had comparable overall morbidity and reoperation rates and lower rates of permanent stoma formation and mortality. Still, there is concern regarding the recurrence and intra-abdominal abscess formation. Show less

Given that lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity assays are not standardized for clinical use, we aimed to define reference values applicable to our clinical setting and identify a cut-off point to help distinguish Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome from Multifactorial Chylomicronemia Syndrome, particularly in patients with inconclusive genetic findings. We evaluated 28 patients with a history of TG levels above 880 mg/dL (10 mmol/L), and assessed their likelihood of FCS using the Moulin score. LPL activity was measured in post-heparin plasma using a radiometric assay. Thirty normotriglyceridemic controls were used to define reference values. Genetic testing for FCS canonical genes and lipid profile was performed in all sHTG patients. The reference value for LPL activity was 33.3 (18.7-70.3) mIU, with a cut-off of 8.42 mIU (25 % of the median of NTG) to distinguish FCS from MCS. Eighteen patients without genetic variants in canonical genes, a Moulin score <9 and LPL activity >25 % of NTG, were classified as MCS. Five genetic diagnosed FCS patients, with a Moulin score>10 presented LPL activity <25 % of NTG. Four patients with inconclusive genetic results and a Moulin score>10 were classified as FCS according to LPL activity. LPL activity in patients with sHTG could be useful for differentiating FCS and MCS, particularly in patients with ambiguous or negative genetic findings, highlighting the need for specialized laboratory support in diagnostics. Show less